• Behavior of Seam Puckering of Polyester, Cotton & blends fabric on High Sewing Thread Tension
  Ajay Shankar Joshi, Prof.T.K.Sinha, Prof.Tanveer Malik
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806010104     

Abstract:

The garment quality means the quality ofseam, which is the very important feature of any form of fabric assembly using sewing operations. The investigation has attempted to find out the relationship between fabric elongation & stitch thread tension on the occurrence of seam puckering at different woven fabric samples. In this attempt the different types of four fabrics are used to analyzed the occurrence of seam puckering at high sewing thread tension .The trend of seam puckering is evaluated by the calculation of seam puckering coefficient percentage at different tension level. This study brought the results that seam puckering is majorly depended upon the quality of material, sewing machine & skills of operator. The tendency of more seam puckering has been observed.......
Keyword: Fabric Elongation, Sewing thread tension, Seam puckering coefficient.

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Ajay Shankar Joshi, Prof.T.K.Sinha, Prof.Tanveer Malik "Behavior of Seam Puckering of Polyester, Cotton & blends fabric on High Sewing Thread Tension" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• In-plane Shear Properties of Glass Fiber Composite Laminates
  Eng. Salem Harbi AL- Zaid
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806010508    

Abstract:

Shear properties of glass fiber composite material is of great important in specifying the elastic constants of such orthotropic material. There are a lot of methods used to measure these important properties among of them ±45 tensile in-plane shear test. Cross ply glass fiber composite laminates of [0/ 90]2s are manufactured using hand-layup technique. ±45 tensile in-plane shear specimen is cut and manufactured from the produced [0/ 90]2s laminate. The test is simple and newly applicable. The main advantage of the test is its simplicity of manufacturing. The results give in-plane shear modulus for glass fiber composite laminates in range of 30.32GPa, while the shear strength is about 27 MPa. Modes of failure of the shear specimen is similar to doge bone shape..
Key words: ......

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Eng. Salem Harbi AL- Zaid "In-plane Shear Properties of Glass Fiber Composite Laminates" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• ANFIS based Doubly Fed Induction Generator for WECS with LLCL-2TRP Filter
  Ishteyaq Ahmad, Rakesh Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806010915    

Abstract:

The wind energy conversion system integrated with a doubly fed induction generator. The PWM based back-to-back power converters produced harmonic and as well as the non-linear loads are also a contributor of harmonics. Filters are used to eliminate these harmonics. In this work,there is a proposal for the passive filter named LLCL-filter with two traps for mitigating the harmonics. The DFIG based WECS analyse the harmonics mitigation under the non-linear loads with LLCL filter. The traditional controllers for controlling the rotor side converters (RSC) for active power and MPPT are substitute with the adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). ANFIS basic structure and principle of working are presented in this paper. The Simulated result shows the performance of filter connected DFIG under the non-linear load with varying wind speed and also shows the improved response than conventional controller. The THD of signal carried out through FFT. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink verify the responses of filter
Key words:Doubly Fed InductionGenerator (DFIG), LLCL-filter with double trap, Non-linear load, Stator voltage oriented control (SVOC), WindTurbine (WT)..

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Ishteyaq Ahmad, Rakesh Sharma "ANFIS based Doubly Fed Induction Generator for WECS with LLCL-2TRP Filter" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Process Parameter Optimization for Tensile Strength for Plasma Arc Welding of SS304
  Harshal M. Pargaonkar, S. R. Kulkarni
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806011619    

Abstract:

The Joining of the Austenitic Stainless Steels is often used in the pressure vessels, chemicals and processing industries. The mechanical properties at the weld bead should also fulfill requirement of applicable code. Several process parameters interact in the complex manner resulting in direct or indirect influence on the mechanical properties. It is necessary to find out the optimum process conditions which are capable of producing desired weld quality. Therefore to achieve the typical tensile strength in Plasma Arc Welding (PAW) is the primary objective of this study. The parameters Current (I), Voltage (V), Wire feed (Wf) were optimized using Taguchi Orthogonal Array and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is used for the analysis. The optimum parameters observed are Current: 230A; Voltage: 28V; Wire feed: 740mm/min resulting UTS of 687.35 MPa for SS304 of 6mm thickness.
Key words: Taguchi, ANOVA, PAW

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Harshal M. Pargaonkar, S. R. Kulkarni "Process Parameter Optimization for Tensile Strength for Plasma Arc Welding of SS304" Vol. 8 - Issue6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Distance Calculation for Underground Cable Fault Using Iot
  ....
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806012025    

Abstract:

The underground cable system is a common practice followed in many urban areas. While a fault occurs for some reason, at that time the repairing process related to that particular cable is difficult due to not knowing the exact location of the cable fault. The objective of this project is to determine the distance of underground cable fault from base station in kilometers. When a low DC voltage is applied at the feeder end through a series resistor (Cable lines), then current would vary depending upon the location of fault in the cable. In case there is a short circuit (Line to Ground), the voltage across series resistors changes accordingly, which is then fed to an ADC to develop precise digital data which the programmed microcontroller of 8051 family would display in kilometers. The project is assembled.....
Key words: Embedded C or Assembly

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.... "Distance Calculation for Underground Cable Fault Using Iot" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Cosine Exponential Distance of Single valued neutrosophic multi sets in medical diagnosis
  A.Edward Samuel, R.Narmadhagnanam
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806012629    

Abstract:

In this paper, cosine exponential distance among single valued neutrosophic multi sets is proposed and some of its properties are discussed herein. The concept of the above method is an essential tool for dealing with uncertainties and shortcomings that affect the existing methods. Implementation of medical diagnosis is presented to find out the disease impacting the patient..
Key words: Single valued neutrosophic set, Single valued neutrosophic multi sets, cosine exponential distance, medical diagnosis.

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A.Edward Samuel, R.Narmadhagnanam "Cosine Exponential Distance of Single valued neutrosophic multi sets in medical diagnosis" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Ionic Abundance and Distribution in Groundwater Systems within Parts of the Central Benue Trough of Nigeria
  Nandom Abu, Adamu S.K
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806013036    

Abstract:

A hydrochemical evaluation of ionic abundance in groundwater systems within parts of the Central Benue Trough, Nigeria was carried out. This study aimed at identifying the hydro-geochemical processes that control the groundwater chemistry, ionic abundance and distribution in the study area. The analytical results show the abundance of the cations as Na+ >Mg2+ >K+ >Ca2+, with Na+ constituting more than 75% in most cases while for the anions the order is Cl- > HCO3- > SO42- > NO33- with Cl- forming at least 80% in all cases. In determining groundwater types and visualizing trends of groundwater chemistry, plots were made on the Piper-trilinear diagram which revealed Magnesium-Bicarbonate, Calcium-Chloride, Sodium-Chloride, Sodium-Bicarbonate and Mixed water types within the study area. Sodium Bicarbonate type of groundwater was most prominent. The high concentration of Na+, Ca2+ and HCO3- in the groundwater could be due to the dissolution of plagioclase feldspars, ferromagnesian minerals, carbonate weathering and ion exchange reactions within the sedimentary units..
Key words: .......

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Nandom Abu, Adamu S.K "Ionic Abundance and Distribution in Groundwater Systems within Parts of the Central Benue Trough of Nigeria" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Proposed Automatic Spark Gap Adjustment System for a Tabletop Micro Edm
  Ananthan D Thampi, Prof. Sureshkumar V B, Lislin Luka
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806013742    

Abstract:

EDM is an electro-thermal non-traditional machining process.This technology is increasingly used due to the requirement of high precision, complex shapes and high surface finish.After conducting a literature review on the various notable works in the field of Electro discharge machining,it was noted that the importance of micro EDM is increasing day by day. This work is mainly focused to review and propose a cost effective automatic spark gap adjustment system for a tabletop micro EDM experimental setup..
Key words: Non-traditional machining, Micro EDM,Spark gap controller, automation.

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Ananthan D Thampi, Prof. Sureshkumar V B, Lislin Luka "Proposed Automatic Spark Gap Adjustment System for a Tabletop Micro Edm" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Cnc Engraving Machine Based On Open Source Electronics
  Akhil A I, Prof. Ajith R R
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806014350    

Abstract:

Open control architecture is a revolution in open source electronics which enables open architecture controller for CNC systems. This project emphasizes on proposing a design for CNC engraving machine based on open source electronics for engraving the side walls of the tyre mold. The designed engraving machine consists of 3 axis Z axis, Y axis and A axis or the rotary axis. An open source controller software known as GRBL which receives the G-codes from the CAM software is used to control the microprocessor which in turn control the machine drives. The open architectural controllers provide reliability, stability and modularity for the system. The application of open source electronic systems can provide similar accuracy and precision at an affordable budget.
Key words: Non-traditional machining, open source CNC, CNC engraving

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Akhil A I, Prof. Ajith R R "Cnc Engraving Machine Based On Open Source Electronics" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Biodegradation of Phenol: A Review
  Rubeena.S, Dr.B.Preetha
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806015155    

Abstract:

Phenol is one of the organic pollutants in industrial waste water which causes significant environmental problems. Various methods such as chlorination, flocculation, adsorption etc. have been used for the degradation of phenol. But biological methods have proved to be the most effective and economical approach for the removal of phenol and phenol related compounds. Numerous studies on biodegradation of phenol using different types of microorganisms and bioreactors have been reported. Various kinetic models and the effect of various parameters such as initial phenol concentration, temperature, pH, etc. on biodegradation have been also studied..
Key words: biodegradation, bioreactor, microorganisms, phenol

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Rubeena.S, Dr.B.Preetha "Biodegradation of Phenol: A Review" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fault Detection and Efficiency Analysis of Bottle Filling Plant
  Rohit Harsulkar, Pratik Mahajan, Prof. H. P. Chaudhari
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806015658    

Abstract:

Fault detection plays an important role in high cost and safety-critical processes. Early detection of process faults can help avoid abnormal event progression. Fault detection can be accomplished through various means. In this project by using proper sensor for each instrument we are going detect the fault and ultimately try to increase the efficiency of particular plant. The sensors, micro-controller are key parts of the project. We mount separate sensor for each instrument to monitor performance of every instrument. The signals came from sensor is then feed to Micro-controller. We use Raspberry-pi micro-controller in this project. Micro-controller monitors all the signal comes from each sensor and according to that take corrective action if critical condition occurs. This condition, operator can see on his mobile app and control wherever he is. In this way the fault can be detected and the harm cause by any critical condition can be reduce. And it helps to increase the efficiency of whole plant..
Key words: Sensors, Fault, Efficiency, Raspberry-pi

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Rohit Harsulkar, Pratik Mahajan, Prof. H. P. Chaudhari "Fault Detection and Efficiency Analysis of Bottle Filling Plant" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Family Of Four, Five And Sixmembers Block Hybrid Simpson's Methods For Solution Of Stiff Ordinary Differential Equations
  Y.Skwame, J. Sabo, J. M. Althemai, P. Tumba
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806015964    

Abstract:

In this research work,the construction of two-step hybrid block Simpson's methods with two, threeand four offgrid points for the solutions of first order stiff systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in studied.In the derivation of the method, power series is adopted as basis function to obtain the main scheme through collocation and interpolations approach. Taylor series was adopted alongside, the method to generate nonoverlapping numerical results.This is achieved by transforming a k-step multi-step method into continuous form and evaluating at various grid points to obtain the discrete schemes. The performance of the methods is demonstrated on some numerical experiments. The results revealed that the hybrid block Simpson's method is efficient, accurate and convergent on mildly stiff problems..
Key words:power series, collocation, interpolation, hybrid, blocks method, multi-step method

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Y.Skwame, J. Sabo, J. M. Althemai, P. Tumba "The Family Of Four, Five And Sixmembers Block Hybrid Simpson's Methods For Solution Of Stiff Ordinary Differential Equations" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Impact of Initialization shapes on the Performance ofWaveform Optimization
  Mohamed Alshoubaki
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806016569    

Abstract:

This paper aims to examine the effect of initialization for the shape of waveform that can be used in multicarrier systems such asOrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC)for waveform optimization task.For the waveform optimization, we have investigated the recently developedPing-pong Optimized Pulse Shaping (POPS) algorithm which maximizes the outputsignal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio(SINR) by adapting both transmitter and receiver waveforms. We have examined various kinds of waveform prototypes such asPHYDYAS, Hermite, root-raised-cosine (RRC) and rectangular. The performance of these waveforms is compared in terms of SINR.
Key words: OFDM, FBMC, Optimization, Waveform, Multicarrier Systems

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Mohamed Alshoubaki "Impact of Initialization shapes on the Performance ofWaveform Optimization" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Static Analysis of Bridge Structure using Finite Element Analysis Software
  Mahendra Tirpathi, Ms Lavina Talawali
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806017073    

Abstract:

Finite element analysis is an effective method of determining the static performance of structures for three reasons which are saving in design time, cost effective in construction and increase the safety of the structure. Previously, it is necessary to used advanced mathematical methods in analysis large structures, such as bridges, tall buildings and other. More accuracy generally required more elaborate techniques and therefore a large friction of the designer's time could be devoted to mathematical analysis. Finite element methods free designer's from the need to concentrate on mathematical calculation and allow them to spend more time on accurate representation of the intended structure and review of the calculated performance.Furthermore, by using the programs with interactive graphical facilities, it is possible to generate finite element models of complex......
Key words: Bridge Analysis, Static Analysis, ANSYS14.0, Maximum Deflection and Stress

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Mahendra Tirpathi, Ms Lavina Talawali "Static Analysis of Bridge Structure using Finite Element Analysis Software" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Analysis on Sparse based Speech Denoising Algorithms
  K.N.H.Srinivas, Dr.I.Santhi Prabha, Dr.M.Venugopala Rao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806017477    

Abstract:

Speech enhancement aims to improve the speech quality and perceptual quality by using various techniques. Themost important part of speech enhancement is to enhance speech degraded by noise, and is useful for many applications. To enhance any speech input its noise components are to be removed using denoising algorithms. In this paper the dictionary learning based speech denoising is compared with other overlap group thresholding and wavelet translation-variant algorithms.Itis observed that the dictionary learning algorithm performed well when compared with other algorithms.
Key words: Speech Denoising; Thresholding Algorithm; Sparse Representation; K-SVD Algorithm

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K.N.H.Srinivas, Dr.I.Santhi Prabha, Dr.M.Venugopala Rao "An Analysis on Sparse based Speech Denoising Algorithms" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fusion Enhanced Image Stitching Using Dct and Dchwt
  Ramanpreet Kaur, Amarjeet Kaur, Rinkesh Mittal, Anjana Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806017883    

Abstract:

Image fusion is the process by which two or more images are combined into a single image retaining the important features from each of the original images. In this paper, output of SURF and SIFT are used as input images that are further fused by using fusion algorithms DCT and DCHWT. The hybrid combination of DWT and DCHWT has increased the fusion window for the stitched image, which increased the fusion of visual data for a higher degree. The DCT component based decision mapping improved the fusion factor for combining the images in DWT domain by utilizing cosine energy map for whole image. The DWT with contrast and DCT element utilizes the high spectrum of values from its wide dimension filter bands and ensures frequency isolated fusion..
Key words: Image Stitching, SURF, SIFT, RANSAC, Image Fusion, DCT, DCHWT

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Ramanpreet Kaur, Amarjeet Kaur, Rinkesh Mittal, Anjana Sharma "Fusion Enhanced Image Stitching Using Dct and Dchwt" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-2

• Design and Simulation of Circularly Polarized Pentagonal Shaped Micro-Strip Antenna Array
  Sanjay Kumar Sah, Manoj Kumar Sah, Sanjay Kumar Rouniyar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806020107     

Abstract:

Pentagon circular polarization micro-strip antenna has good broadband performance and circular polarization characteristics but it is difficult to design. A new circular polarized micro-strip antenna with a pentagonal shape patch is designed for wide band operation at 5.6 GHz for WLAN. In this paper, the antenna is designed and simulated using HFSS9 analyzer. Feed point selection criteria for single ended side feeding method is presented, simulated and results for main parameters such as return loss, impedance bandwidth, radiation patterns and gains are measured and discussed here. The electric current distributions on the patch and the radiation patterns are also demonstrated in this paper. Based on the simulation of pentagon antenna unit, a four element antenna array is presented. The design method for feed net of the array is given. Simulation results show that proposed antenna array obtains a 4% 3dB bandwidth, and 12 dB gain.
Keyword: Micro-Strip antenna, Circular Polarization, Axial Ratio, Pentagon, Antenna Pattern, VSWR, Bandwidth.

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Sanjay Kumar Sah, Chen Fangjiong, Sanjay Kumar Rouniyar "Design and Simulation of Circularly Polarized Pentagonal Shaped Micro-Strip Antenna Array" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect Of Welding Parameters And Tool Shape On Properties Of Friction Stir Welding Ofaluminum Alloy Aa- 6061
  Ahmad Hussain Albloushi, Maen M. Al-Rashdan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806020811    

Abstract:

FSW is simply the process of connecting solid state used in various ways to soft materials such as aluminum alloys as it avoids the many common problems of fusion welding. On the other hand, friction welding has many advantages when applying this function to aluminum alloy welding. FSW plays an important and vital role in welding quality such as welding speed, spin speed and performance engineering. The aim of this research is to study the quality of the aluminum alloy welding AA6061 and the effect of different welding speed with the speed of rotation and the profile of the needle on the alloy. The welding tool consists of a pin and a shoulder rotating by heating the piece to be soldered and moving the wet alloy around it, all of this with a frictional motion. In this study or study, the effect of the welding parameters and the shape of the tool (speed of welding and rotation speed) on the mechanical properties of the aluminum plates are examined experimentally. On the other hand, in the welding process, the heat has played a major mechanical role and the appearance of the joints that are connected to the welding coefficients.
Key words: Friction stir welding; Tool shapes; Aluminium

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Ahmad Hussain Albloushi, Maen M. Al-Rashdan "Effect Of Welding Parameters And Tool Shape On Properties Of Friction Stir Welding Ofaluminum Alloy Aa- 6061" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Identification of external force acting on a machine or a structure in the case of unknown excitation points
  Shozo Kawamura, Tomohiko Ise,Masami Matsubara
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806021219    

Abstract:

Identification of any external forces acting on a machine or a structure is important for the diagnosis of potential failures or distress. One of the force identification methods is based on the frequency response function. This method is very useful but requires knowledge of the location of the acting force. In this study, an identification method is proposed for the case of unknown excitation points. In the method, the distributed external force is approximately expressed using the same number of unknown parameters as the sensors. The optimum identification condition is determined by two objective functions of the reconstruction accuracy of measured data and the spatial variation of the identified external force. The identification method proposed is checked using the actual measured data. A beam structure elastically supported at both ends is considered. The beam is excited by using an electromagnet. This.......
Key words:Force identification, Frequency response function, Inverse problem, Non-contact excitation, Singular value decomposition.

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Shozo Kawamura, Tomohiko Ise,Masami Matsubara "Identification of external force acting on a machine or a structure in the case of unknown excitation points" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Cfd Analysis on Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger in Parallel and Counter Flow Direction
  Sneha.H.Dhoria, E. Manoj Kumar,I.V.S.Yeswanth, Lakshmi Jayanti
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806022025    

Abstract:

A Heat Exchanger is a device which is used to transfer heat from one fluid to another, whether the fluids are separated by a solid wall so that they never mix, or the fluids are directly in contact. Every year Heat exchanger technology is growing to develop efficient, compact and economical heat exchangers, all over the world. Updating the community for this development needs an interaction. These days concentric tube heat exchangers are used with forced convection for lowering the working fluid's temperature by raising the cooling medium's temperature.The purpose of this project is to use ANSYS FLUENT 17.1 software and theoretical calculations to analyse the temperature drops as a function of both inlet velocity and inlet temperature and how each varies with the other. Each heat exchanger model was designed and simulated for both parallel flow and counter flow heat exchanger........
Key words: Heat Exchangers, Parallel flow, Counter flow, Concentric Tube, CFD Analysis

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Sneha.H.Dhoria, E. Manoj Kumar,I.V.S.Yeswanth, Lakshmi Jayanti "Cfd Analysis on Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger in Parallel and Counter Flow Direction" Vol. 8 - Issue6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Study of Diesel Soot Particle Emission Control by Theoretical Modelling Of Electro Cyclone Separator
  Sayon Dey, Rajesh Kumar Sha, Ashim Roy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806022633    

Abstract:

This paper describes possibilities to separate particles with difficult dust properties from gases. Difficult dust properties are related to extreme values of particle size and shape and to the flow ability, the adhesion properties or the reactivity of the particles. Special emphasis is given to submicron particles. In cyclones, conductive particles such as diesel soot can be removed by means of additional electrostatic forces.[2]The separative performance of a cyclone can be enhanced if electrical forces are employed to supplement the inertial forces. By precharging the particles and applying a radial electric field within the cyclone, collection efficiency is improved. In the present paper, a model is developed for such an electrostatically augmented cyclone. The model assumes that turbulence....
Key words: Diesel soot particulate, Electro-cyclone Separator, Viscosity, Density, Applied voltage

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Sayon Dey, Rajesh Kumar Sha, Ashim Roy "Study of Diesel Soot Particle Emission Control by Theoretical Modelling Of Electro Cyclone Separator" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Performance and Emission Analysis of a Modern Small DI Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel-Diesel Blends and Additives with EGR
  Zuber Arif Khan, Dr. Murari Mohon Roy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806023446    

Abstract:

This study investigated the effects of EGR on performance and emission of a twin cylinder HATZ 2G40 light-duty engine at different speeds (1000 rpm, 2100 rpm and 3000 rpm) at different load conditions (20%, 50% and 80%) at each speed. Biodiesel-diesel blends with additives are considered the fuels in this study. The biodiesel was produced from pure canola oil using the transesterification process. Additives such as methanol (5% and 10% by volume) and diethyl ether (5% by volume) were mixed together to use in a diesel-biodiesel blends of B20 (20 vol.% biodiesel and 80% diesel), B50 (50 vol.% biodiesel and 50% diesel), and B100. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake-specific energy consumption (BSEC) were measured as the engine performance parameters, and those were increased when increasing the percentage of biodiesel and additives in the mixture. In emissions, carbon monoxide......
Key words: Biodiesel, canola oil, diesel engine, diethyl-ether, EGR, emissions, methanol, transesterification

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Zuber Arif Khan, Dr. Murari Mohon Roy "Performance and Emission Analysis of a Modern Small DI Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel-Diesel Blends and Additives with EGR" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Recuperating the Packet Drops and Network Traffic problems from Flow Control Headaches
  P Sukanya, Dr. U. D. Prasan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806024751    

Abstract:

Congestion control in profoundly used merged networks running requesting applications. In this paper, proactive congestion administration plans for Clos networks are portrayed and assessed. The key thought is to move the congestion shirking trouble from the information texture to a booking system, which segregates streams utilizing per-stream ask for counters. Computer recreations demonstrate that this system eradicates head-of-line blocking and its ill-disposed impacts all through the texture, without dropping packets. Specifically, a streamlined model depicts this outcome as a collaboration between proactive reservations and fine-grained multipath steering. Numerous obscurity upgrading procedures have been proposed in light of packet encryption to secure the correspondence namelessness. In any case, in this paper, we demonstrate that are as yet defenseless under aloof statistical traffic examination......
Key words: Anonymity improving networks, versatile impromptu networks, point-to-point transmission, statistical traffic pattern investigation

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P Sukanya, Dr. U. D. Prasan "Recuperating the Packet Drops and Network Traffic problems from Flow Control Headaches" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Interpretation of Distance Metric Learningover Image Retrieval System
  Suru. Lakshmisri, D.T.V. Dharamajee Rao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806025256    

Abstract:

The process of Learning distance function over different substances is called as Metric learning. In several of data mining processes like clustering, nearest neighbors etc. is very important problem that relies on distance function. For many types of data, linear model is not very useful but most of metric learning methods assumes linear model of distance. In the recent nonlinear data demonstrated potentialpower of non-Mahalanobis distance function, particularly tree-based functions. This leads to a more robust learning algorithm. We compare our method to a number of state-of-the-art benchmarks on classification, large-scale image retrieval and semi supervised clustering problems. Then we find that our algorithm yields results comparable to the state-of-the-art. A novel tree-based non-linear metric learning method can have information from both constrained and unconstrained points.....
Key words: Ranking Model, Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR), Multi-Modal Retrieval, Distance Metric Learning (DML), Multi-Modal Retrieval.

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Suru. Lakshmisri, D.T.V. Dharamajee Rao "Interpretation of Distance Metric Learningover Image Retrieval System" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Preparation and Testing Of Composites with Slag and Egg Shell Powder Filler
  G.Narendar, V.Chandra Sekhar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806025760    

Abstract:

Composite materials can be defined as a combination of two or more materials that results in better properties than those of the individual components used alone. The main advantages of composite materials are their high strength and stiffness, combined with low density, when compared with bulk materials, allowing for a weight reduction in the finished part.The mechanical behavior of the composite material depends upon fiber length and fiber loading and fiber orientation. In the present work, an attempt has been made to produce hybrid composite materials with egg shell power and slag in resin matrix. Epoxy is considered as matrix and slag and egg shell powder as reinforcement. The egg shell powder and slag are used in the form of particulates. Specimens were produced by keeping the egg shell powder constant and varying the slag powder. For the prepared specimens mechanical properties like tensile strength, flexural strength, and Impact strength were tested..
Key words: ....

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G.Narendar, V.Chandra Sekhar "Preparation and Testing Of Composites with Slag and Egg Shell Powder Filler" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Regressiontree Analysis Withcartalgorithm: GII Predictionusing NRI Indicators
  Merve Doğruel Anuşlu, SeniyeÜmitFırat
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806026174    

Abstract:

In these days, innovation levels and capacities of the countries are of great importance both in terms of competitiveness and the Industry 4.0 revolution that we have been experiencing. In this context, capacity and level are relative concepts and on a global basis, there is a great need for a common measuring system in terms of comparisons. The Networked Readiness Index (NRI) and The Global Innovation Index (GII) are important global indexes with effective and academic infrastructure in identifying countries' innovation levels. This study has been conducted by using regression tree technique, which is one of data mining techniques, with the GII score and the indicators in the pillar under the sub-indexes of the NRI. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was applied for GII prediction based on NRI indicators and determining the NRI indicators that provide the best resolution..
Key words: ClassificationandRegressionTree (CART), Data Mining, DecisionTree Learning, Global Innovation Index (GII), Innovation, Networked Readiness Index (NRI), RegressionTree.

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Merve Doğruel Anuşlu, SeniyeÜmitFırat "Regressiontree Analysis Withcartalgorithm: GII Predictionusing NRI Indicators" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Synthesis of bio-diesel from Kenaf seed oil and performance analysis of bio-diesel blends on four stroke, CI engine
  Komal Dhar Diwan, Mr. Abhishek Singh
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806027584    

Abstract:

Biodiesel has attracted attention towards world because of its eco-friendly nature, low pollution emitting and non-toxic properties. Globally, there are hundreds of crops which can be used as a biodiesel feedstock. Use of biodiesel reduces dependence fossil fuels. Oils generally have high viscosity, high density and high flash point and therefore they are not suitable to be used as fuel in diesel engine. Various process are used in order to synthesize bio-diesel from oil to make its properties similar to that of conventional diesel. In present study, base catalyzed transesterification process has been used in order to get biodiesel from kenaf seed oil. Properties of kenaf seed oil and bio-diesel are comparative to that of conventional diesel. Biodiesel can either be used alone(B100) without any blending or......
Key words: Bio-diesel, Kenaf seed oil, Base catalyzed transesterification, Blending, Additive, n-butanol

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Komal Dhar Diwan, Mr. Abhishek Singh "Synthesis of bio-diesel from Kenaf seed oil and performance analysis of bio-diesel blends on four stroke, CI engine." Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Brief Review on Types and Design Methods of ADC
  Dr. Jamuna S, Dr. Dinesha P, KP Shashikala
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806028591    

Abstract:

Analog to digital converter ia an essential functional block in many system-on-chips (SOC). Through this paper, a brief report is presented giving an overview of the available ADCs. Input to any processor or a controller has to be in the digital format, hence there is a need for an efficient data converter which can converts analog signal into digital form. The working principle of different ADCs is described here. ADC‟s can be chosen based on type of applications, required accuracy and number of bits that are required in the system. An overview about performance metrics and its effect is also discussed in this paper
Key words: ADC, SNR, SNDR, SAR, resolution

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Dr. Jamuna S, Dr. Dinesha P, KP Shashikala "A Brief Review on Types and Design Methods of ADC" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-3

• Solar Pumps: A Solution to Improving Water Security in the Mountainous Region of Uttarakhand, India
  Abhilekh Bartwal, Sandeep Negi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806030106     

Abstract:

Water is an essential part for all living creatures. There is no water in other planets so there is no life. But irony is when someone lives in that area which is surrounded by worlds one of the biggest water system but has to walk up and down in hills for fetching water. In this study, a water pumping system is introduced for combating this situation. Deployment of solar PV based water pumping is used because it is pollutant free and the price of clean energy sources are decreasing day be day. Solar system is best alternative to age old conventional systems which were costly and they emits greenhouse gases. This paper consists of a proposed design and calculation of a efficient solar based water pumping system for drinking and daily use. The region opted for this study and analysis is 30.2830N Latitude and 79.0160E Longitude in Mid Himalayan range of Uttarakhand ,India. The designing of PV based water pumping system is.......
Keyword: domestic application, Himalayan region- Uttarakhand, rural development, solar water pumping, water crisis.

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Abhilekh Bartwal, Sandeep Negi "Solar Pumps: A Solution to Improving Water Security in Mountainous Region of Uttarakhand, India" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Influence of alkaline earth modifiers on luminescence characteristics of Dy3+ ions in lead zinc antimonate glasses
  K. Srinivasa Rao, Valluri Ravi Kumar, G. Naga Raju
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806030712    

Abstract:

Sb2O3–PbO –ZnO: Dy2O3 glasses mixed with three different modifier oxides viz., BaO, CaO and SrO were prepared. The influence of modifier oxide on the luminescence characteristics of Dy3+ ions has been investigated. Using the intensities of various absorption bands of Dy3+ ions, the Judd-Ofelt parameters 2, 4 and 6 have been evaluate and tabulated. Together with the J‒O parameters and the luminescence spectra, the evaluated various radiative properties like transition probability A, Total radiative probability AT, branching ratio  r, the radiative life time  r, and the emission cross-section E for various emission levels of Dy3+ ions have been evaluated and reported. The values of these parameters were found to be influenced by modifier oxides. Among the three modifier oxides mixed glasses, the glasses mixed with BaO mixed glasses exhibited the highest luminescence efficiency. The quantitative analysis of results were analyzed in the light of structural modifications taking place in the glass network with the help of IR spectral studies.
Key words:Sb2O3–PbO –ZnO Dy2O3: Dy3+ glasses; Modifier oxides; luminescence efficiengy, J-O paramaters and life time

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K. Srinivasa Rao, Valluri Ravi Kumar, G. Naga Raju "Influence of alkaline earth modifiers on luminescence characteristics of Dy3+ ions in lead zinc antimonate glasses" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Study on the Influence of the Shape of Leaf Spring on the Stress and the Kinematic Characteristics
  Zhuo Xu, Liang Hong, Xiao Lian Wang, Chun Shu Ding
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806031321    

Abstract:

This paper is based on a novel shape of asymmetric few-leaf spring, which is used in the traditional parabolic leaf spring. By means of experiments and finite element method, we compared the stress distribution and kinematic characteristics of the leaf spring before and after the shape change. Analysis results show that under the conditions of same stiffness and hard point layout, especially under braking conditions, kinematic characteristics of the few-leaf spring can be optimized by changing its shape, and the stress distribution conforms to the stress design principle of parabolic leaf spring.
Key words:leaf spring; leaf shape; finite element method; kinematic characteristics; stress distribution.

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Zhuo Xu, Liang Hong, Xiao Lian Wang, Chun Shu Ding "Study on the Influence of the Shape of Leaf Spring on the Stress and the Kinematic Characteristics" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Implementation and Comparative analysis of Carry Select Adder using Kogge - Stone Adder in Adiabatic logic
  pallavi Sesham, venkatalakshmi Thota, kamaraju M
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806032226    

Abstract:

Most important design consideration in integrated circuit after power is speed. Adders are one of the basic fundamental components in any digital systems. Due to rapid growth in technology there is need for fast processing. Addition is a basic operation in any digital,analog or control system, fast and accurate operation of digital system depends on the performance of adder. The major problem for binary addition is the propagation delay in the carry chain. As the width of the input operands increases the length of the carry chain will be increased. To reduce the carry propagation problem most of the modern adder architectures are represented as a parallel prefix adder structure. Kogge stone adder is one among the parallel prefix adders. This has the regular layout which makes them attractive adder in electronic technologies. This paper proposes the design of Carry Select Adder using Kogge......
Key words: Adiabatic logic, Positive Feedback Adiabatic Logic (PFAL), Kogge Stone Adder (KSA).

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pallavi Sesham, venkatalakshmi Thota, kamaraju M "Implementation and Comparative analysis of Carry Select Adder using Kogge - Stone Adder in Adiabatic logic" Vol. 8 - Issue6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• MRI Image Compression and Image De-noising using Encoding and Decoding Technique
  Mrs. Aparna Singh Kushwah , Devendra Gour
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806032731    

Abstract:

With ever increasing use of medical Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a challenge exists to deal with storage and transmission of these images while still maintaining high diagnostic quality. Considering this challenges, two part of image compression techniques are developed to improve the compression performance. In the first part of the research, an encoding and decoding approach is proposed to compress the image using selection of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) technique. In the second part of the research to noise attack and remove the noise with the help of filter. The performance efficiency of medical image compression methods are examined in terms of in terms of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), Normalize absolute error (NAE) and computtion time..
Key words:Image Compression, Image De-noising, DWT, PSNR, NAE, Computation Time

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Mrs. Aparna Singh Kushwah, Devendra Gour "MRI Image Compression and Image De-noising using Encoding and Decoding Technique" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Textiles for protection against Electromagnetic Radiations: A review
  Pratibha Malik, Astha Sharma, Gianender, J.P. Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806033237    

Abstract:

Increased use of electronic devices creates a need to protect a present generation from the harmful effects of electromagnetic radiations. This review paper discuss about different textile materials that have been explored for shielding applications in place of conventional rigid metal shields. There are different techniques of producing such textiles and their mechanisms have been discussed here. Developments in this area are also taken into account with the help of recent studies. A brief review of the various test methods available for analyzing the performance of such fabrics is also reported.
Key words: Attenuation, EM, Intrinsically Conductive Polymers (ICP's), Shielding effectiveness (SE)

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Pratibha Malik, Astha Sharma, Gianender, J.P. Sharma "Textiles for protection against Electromagnetic Radiations: A review" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Evaluation of Volumetric Concentration of Ferrofluid Useful For Heat Extraction in High Power Transformers
  Sanjay Kemkar, Milind Vaidya, Sanjana Kemkar, Megha Chaple, Sanika Dusane, Siddhesh Thorat, Madhu Bagul, Sanjukta Kemkar, Rajeshwari Thorat, Shital Sabale
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806033845    

Abstract:

In conventional method, transformer oil is used as a coolant under natural convection. Transformer oils have low cooling efficiency due to low thermal conductivity. This work proposes the use of ferrofluid with transformer oil as a hydrocarbon carrier and evaluation of volumetric concentration thereof. Ferrofluid is a super-paramagnetic fluid and is used as a coolant. This enhances heat extraction from high power transformers. Addition of magnetic nanoparticles in transformer oil treated with a suitable stabilizer enhances the thermal conductivity of mixed solution and cooling efficiency thereafter. It also increases the dielectric strength of transformer oil. This thermal property of ferrofluid changes with volumetric concentration as well as diameter of magnetic nano particles. Therefore evaluation of volumetric concentration is important to make sure proper ferrofluid is used in electrical devices such as high power transformers.
Key words: Ferrofluid, Volumetric Concentration, Transformer, Thermal conductivity, Transformer Oil, Heat Extraction

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Sanjay Kemkar, Milind Vaidya, Sanjana Kemkar, Megha Chaple, Sanika Dusane, Siddhesh Thorat, Madhu Bagul, Sanjukta Kemkar, Rajeshwari Thorat, Shital Sabale "Evaluation of Volumetric Concentration of Ferrofluid Useful For Heat Extraction in High Power Transformers" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Trident Extensible Multiprocessor Network
  Shaifali Agarwal, ShivangiAgarwal, Amit Kumar, Dr. Nishant Srivastava
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806034653    

Abstract:

Recently the thrust for higher and higher computing power is increasing day by day, user don't miss an opportunity to use even there smaller and smaller laptop for this purpose to get their requirement full filled . As a first attempt version of 4 node multiprocessor architecture has been proposed in compact form connected to fulfill the properties of multiprocessor network .It has been found that the architecture is linearly extensible and its performance can be compared with the existing commercial multiprocessor architecture. The proposed 4 node multiprocessor network performs equally good as compare to the existing our reported multiprocessor network .This economical compact multiprocessor can be used for higher computation purposes . General Terms Parallel and Distributed Systems, Scheduling & Load Balancing..
Key words: Linearly, Multiprocessor, Scheduling and Extensibility, Two Round Scheme ,Minimum Distance Scheme.

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Shaifali Agarwal, ShivangiAgarwal, Amit Kumar, Dr. Nishant Srivastava "A Trident Extensible Multiprocessor Network" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Clustering Genetic Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Network
  Mohammed A. Alrefaei
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806035457    

Abstract:

The well-known Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) is a promising technology to fulfill the requirements of the need of high data rates. The major mechanism to perform CRN is the ability of detecting the existence of the Primary User (PU). Availability of PU can be detected by cooperative spectrum sensing to avoid the hidden terminal and multipath fading. PU information is transmitted to the nodes or so called Secondary Users (SU). SU will forward the information through different channels to the Fusion Center to make the final decision via Soft Detection Fusion (SDF). From that, Clustering Genetic Algorithm (CGA) is proposed to optimize the probability of detection. In this paper, it is shown that the performance of CGA outperforms the Standard Genetic Algorithm. Moreover, CGA is very applicable for CRN since it is showing good performance for such complex problem where it shows faster convergence speed rather than SGA.
Key words: Cognitive Radio Network, Cooperative Spectrum Sensing, Clustering Genetic Algorithm

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Mohammed A. Alrefaei "Clustering Genetic Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Network" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Speckle Noise Removal in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Image Using Threshold Values
  Pooja Pal, Dr. Sanjay K. Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806035862    

Abstract:

In an advanced imaging technique Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a major role in medical field to create high standard images contained in the human brain. MRI imaging is often used when treating brain, prostate cancers, ankle and foot. Noise elimination is the main constraint in digital image processing and sometimes it is very difficult to find out the origin of the noise.
Key words: MRI image, various noise, PSNR, MSE

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Pooja Pal, Dr. Sanjay K. Sharma "Speckle Noise Removal in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Image Using Threshold Values" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Scoping Constructs for Software Generators
  Bandita Das, Sambit Sahoo
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806036371    

Abstract:

A well-known problem in program generation is scoping. When iden-tifiers (i.e., symbolic names) are used to refer to variables, types, or functions,program generators must ensure that generated identifiers are bound to theirintended declarations. This is the standard scoping issue in programming languages, only automatically generated programs can quickly become too complexandmaintainingbindingsmanuallyishard. Inthispaperwepresentgeneration scoping: a language mechanism to facilitate the handling of scopingconcerns.......
Key words: softwaregenerators,programtransformations,generationscoping,hygienicmacro expansion

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Bandita Das, Sambit Sahoo "Scoping Constructs for Software Generators" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Selection and Reuse of Software Design Patterns Using CBR and Word Net
  Debabrata Sahu, Samiksha Mahanta
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806037282    

Abstract:

Softwareengineersandprogrammersdealwithrepeatedproblems and situations in the course of software design.This lead to the development of software design patterns,which can be defined as a description of an abstract so-lution for abstract design problems.Existing approachesto pattern application using computer tools, need the helpand guidance of a human designer to select which designpatterntoapply.......
Key words: xxxxxx

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Debabrata Sahu, Samiksha Mahanta "Selection and Reuse of Software Design Patterns Using CBR and Word Net" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Smart Cloud Com
  Debasish Pradhan, Sandeep Sahoo
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806038390    

Abstract:

Today,internethasbeenwidelyused.Withtheuseof internet, all things are being done online. Thus creation ofonline compiler is the need of the hour. The main aim of thispaper is to provide online compiler which helps the user towrite the program easily, compile it and debug it online. Thepaper proposes to describe centralized compiler which reducesthe problems of time, cost and storage space by making use oftheconcept of "Cloudcomputing"........
Key words: Compiler,Cloud,Centralized,CodeDom

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Debasish Pradhan, Sandeep Sahoo "Smart Cloud Com" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Electron Beam Lithography and It's application in Nanoscale Fabrication
  Ashutosh Acharya, Sourav Sahoo
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-08060391104    

Abstract:

Miniaturizationisthecentralthemeinmodernfabricationtechnology. Manyofthecomponentsusedinmodernprod-ucts are getting smaller and smaller. In this paper, the recent de-velopmentoftheelectronbeamlithographytechniqueisreviewedwith an emphasis on fabricating devices at the nanometer scale........
Key words: Directwriting,e beamresist, electronbeamlithography, nanodevices, nanofabrication,nanotechnology, projectionprinting.

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Ashutosh Acharya, Sourav Sahoo "Electron Beam Lithography and It's application in Nanoscale Fabrication" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An analysis of Li-Fi technology
  ...
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-080603105107    

Abstract:

Nowadays, finding Wi-Fi hotspots is really important because internet access has become so popular. Professor Harald Hass of the University of Edinburgh created the Li-fi or Light Fidelity technology. This is the latest technology in present day communication system which makes the use of LEDs, Light This idea works very simply, if the led is on then logic "1" will be transmitted and if the led is off then logic "0" will be transmitted also, LEDs can be switched on and off very quickly which adds onto another advantage Emitting Diodes that helps in the transmission of data much more faster and flexible than the data that can be transmitted through Wi-Fi. It is essentially a 5G visible light communication system that works similarly to Wi- Fi by using light emitting diodes as a medium for high-speed communication..
Key words: ....

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.... "An analysis of Li-Fi technology" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An analysis of Li-Fi technology
  PRIYANSU CHANDAN BEHERA, SUBHRAJIT BEHERA
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-080603108110    

Abstract:

Nowadays, finding Wi-Fi hotspots is really important because internet access has become so popular. Professor Harald Hass of the University of Edinburgh created the Li-fi or Light Fidelity technology. This is the latesttechnology in present day communicationsystemwhich makestheuse ofLEDs,Light This idea works very simply, if the led is onthen logic "1" will be transmitted and if theled is off then logic "0" will be transmittedalso, LEDs can be switched on and off veryquicklywhichadds ontoanotheradvantage. EmittingDiodesthathelpsinthetransmission of data much morefaster andflexiblethanthedatathatcanbetransmitted through Wi-Fi. It is essentially a 5G visible light communication system that works similarly to Wi-Fi by using light emitting diodes as a medium for high-speed communication..
Key words: ....

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PRIYANSU CHANDAN BEHERA, SUBHRAJIT BEHERA "An analysis of Li-Fi technology" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Matrix Al-Alloys for Alumina Particle Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites
  LALAT KESHARI ROUTRAY, SAMBIT DIXIT
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-080603111117    

Abstract:

The mechanical properties of different metal matrix compositeshave been determined. Al 6061, Al 6063 and Al 7072 matrixalloysarereinforcedwithaluminaparticulates.Theyieldstrength,ultimatestrength,andductilityofAl/Al2O3met almatrix composites are in the downhill order of Al 6061, Al6063and Al 7072 matrix alloys. Alumina is highly reactive to the Mgcontentinthematrixalloys.Thefracturemodeispredominantlyductilein nature.
Key words: ......

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LALAT KESHARI ROUTRAY, SAMBIT DIXIT "Matrix Al-Alloys for Alumina Particle Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-4

• Mechanical Characterization and Optimization of Machinability Characteristics of Aluminium Copper Graphite Silicon Carbide Hybrid Composites
  Lakshmi Narasimha Murthy H.R, Suresha S, Ramalingaiah
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806040110     

Abstract:

Hybrid composites of aluminium alloyed with copper have strengths on par with regular metals. Addition of graphite and silicon carbide results in improved mechanical properties over the alloy. Machining is vital in producing different components of these hybrid composites. Inclusion of graphite reduces the difficulty of machining because of its solid lubricant characteristic. Influence of cutting speed, depth of cut and feed on turning of aluminium copper alloy with reinforcement of graphite is investigated when amount of silicon carbide is varied according to design of experiments. Tool wear increases with increase of cutting speed, depth of cut and feed. Increase of feed results in increase of both cutting force and roughness of turned surface.
Keyword: Design of experiments, Hybrid composites, Machinability.

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Lakshmi Narasimha Murthy H.R, Suresha S, Ramalingaiah "Mechanical Characterization and Optimization of Machinability Characteristics of Aluminium Copper Graphite Silicon Carbide Hybrid Composites" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Influences of Structural Feature and Surface Properties of Montmorillonite on the Supported Olefin Polymerization Catalysts
  Xin Sun, Shan Xue, ShiXuan Xin
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806041116    

Abstract:

Clay minerals possess unique physical properties such as high Lewis acidity, high specific surface area, periodic layer structures, and these materials can be utilized as polyolefin catalysts supports. This work focused onthe influence of structural and surface properties ofmontmorillonite (MMT) on the catalytic ethylene polymerization performances. The structuralparameter, specific surface area and compositions of the MMTs under different chemical modification conditions were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses,multipoint BET method and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) methods.The basal spacing value increased when samples were treated with H2SO4/Li2SO4combination while the value remainednearly constant when the samples were treated withH2SO4solution alone. Majority of elements Ca, Mg, K are leached.........
Key words:Montmorillonite,Triethylaluminum,Interlayerspace,Ethylene polymerization

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Xin Sun, Shan Xue, ShiXuan Xin "The Influences of Structural Feature and Surface Properties of Montmorillonite on the Supported Olefin Polymerization Catalysts" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of Ni–Cu–Zn Nano-CompositE
  T. Narasimhulu, Mallikarjuna Rao. Pasumarthi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806041720    

Abstract:

This research article describes the magnetic properties of nano-composite composition as Ni0.75−2x Cu0.1+x Zn0.15+x Fe2O4 (0.01≤ x≤ 0.05), synthesized by a simple method using metal nitrates and citrate precursor method. X-ray Diffraction measurements (XRD) justified the formation of single-phase cubic spinel structure. The average crystallite size has been calculated using XRD pattern and the same is confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The nearly constant lattice parameters obtained with copper substitution is attributed to the small difference in the ionic radius between Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions. The effect of copper and zinc concentration on the magnetic properties is investigated using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). Through the magnetic measurements it can be observed that the entire preparation method increases the magnetic properties of the Nano-composite material. The NiCuZn Nano-composite with increased copper and zinc molar ratio are observed to have better magnetic properties compared to available NiCuZn Nano-composite..
Key words:Nano-composite; Citrate Precursor Method; magnetic amp-turns; power to weight ratio..

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T. Narasimhulu, Mallikarjuna Rao. Pasumarthi "Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of Ni–Cu–Zn Nano-CompositE" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Review on Fluoride in Ground Water: Causes, Effects and Solutions
  Namita Saxena
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806042124    

Abstract:

Water, the most vital resource for all kinds of life on this planet, is also the resource, adversely affected both quantitatively and qualitatively by all kind of human activities on land, in air or in water or naturally. Fluoride contamination of ground water is one of them and it is a major concern in present context. The main source of fluoride in ground water is the leaching of fluoride from the rock minerals of the earth's crust and anthropogenic activities. Defluoridation of water is a practical option to overcome the problem of excessive fluoride in ground water. This review paper describes the information on fluoride contamination, sources of its occurrence, effects on human & animal health and removal techniques.
Key words: fluoride, fluorosis, ground water, human health, skeletal fluorosis, defluoridation.

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Namita Saxena "A Review on Fluoride in Ground Water: Causes, Effects and Solutions" Vol. 8 - Issue6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Pattern recognition of infrared images and pseudo-color image processing : Forest fire in himalaya
  Sandeep Singh, Dr.K.P.Mishra
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806042528    

Abstract:

Human growth in diversified fields has impacted atmosphere a lot. Every time Nature wants to balance and to tune with the universal effects. Resistance of human imbalances all of it's efforts, which results into disaster like Forest fire and a big reason of global warming. Early detection of fire has been much explored with available limited technology of satellite imaging in terms of spatial and temporal resolution. Sensors spectral coverage has enhanced data acquisition to a reliable degree in those EM spectrum bands. But in changing atmospheric conditions, shadowing of objects, fire spot finding in deep forests, difference finding in fire smoke and clouds are big challenges in remote sensing via satellite imaging. Our approach works on the pixels statistics of Red, green and blue intensities which are tested with infrared image of the same granule. Granule of forest cover ( Longitude : 77.1185E..........
Key words:Multispectral imagery, pseudo color images, pattern recognition, wildland fire detection, remote sensing.

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Sandeep Singh, Dr.K.P.Mishra "Pattern recognition of infrared images and pseudo-color image processing : Forest fire in himalaya" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Assessment of Water Quality Index of the Kolong River of Nagaon District of Assam, India
  Bhaswati Dutta, Bibhash Sarma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806042938    

Abstract:

The objective of the study is to analyze the Water Quality Index (WQI) and analysis of variations of Water Quality Index parameters along the Kolong River,Nagaon, Assam, after the breaching of Hatimura dyke in 2017. WQI provides a single number that expresses overall water quality at a certain location and time based on several water quality parameters.The objective of a WQI is to turn complex water quality data into information that is understandable and useable by the public.Kolong River flows through the heart of the Nagaon urban area dividing the town into Nagaon and Haiborgaon in Assam.The blockage of the river flow was adopted as a flood control measure to protect its riparian areas, especially the Nagaon town, from flood hazard. So, Hatimura dyke was constructed across the river‟s take-off point near Hatimura in 1964. The river, once a blooming distributary of the mighty Brahmaputra, had high navigability and rich riparian biodiversity with agriculturally productive watershed. However, the present status of Kolong River is highly wretched as a consequence of the post-dam effects........
Key words: Assam, Kolongriver, Nagaon, Water Quality Index, Physico- Chemical Parameters, Weighted Arithmetic Index Method.

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Bhaswati Dutta, Bibhash Sarma "Assessment of Water Quality Index of the Kolong River of Nagaon District of Assam, India" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Optimizing Fuel Cells in Energy Storage Technologies for Renewable Energy Sources
  Dr.R.Sagayaraj, S. Karthikeyan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806043943    

Abstract:

The prime objective of this work is to optimize the fuel cells to improve its utilization with continuous power generation. Fuel Cell will dominate among the energy storage devices shortly and it is the top technical challenge in the present scenario. The hydrogen gas is fed as an input to the anode and oxygen is supplied across the cathode of the fuel cell is in vogue. This work contributes to saving of hydrogen gas through recycling process of the fuel cell. The fuel cell incorporates steam reforming methods to separate hydrogen and carbon monoxide ions. Steam reforming process results with hydrogen in liquid form; however only gas form is essential for anode terminals of the fuel cell, hence using liquid to gas conversion process is essential. The process of converting hydrogen.......
Key words: Fuel cells, Electrolysis, Battery, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Renewable Energy.

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Dr.R.Sagayaraj, S. Karthikeyan "Optimizing Fuel Cells in Energy Storage Technologies for Renewable Energy Sources" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Assessment of Physico-Chemical and Biological Parameters of Sanjay Lake and Old Fort Lake Water In Delhi
  Mrinal Alexander Emmanuel, Tanu Jindal, Dr. Jakir Hussain, Swadhinata Sahani
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806044448    

Abstract:

Water is the most essential requirement for the human survival. With daily human consumption of about 80 L/day/person and increasing population ,the consumption and scarcity in the fresh water sources increases by many folds, so there is need of water sources which could fulfil the never ending need of water for human usage. In this regard, efforts are being made to generate or identify fresh water sources so that it can be used for drinking, irrigation and fish culture. So, for this very purpose we have analysed Samples of water were taken from the two lakes- sanjay lake and old fort lake ( both in delhi) and analyzed microbiologically and physicochemical using standard methods. This paper deals with assessment of various water quality parameters of the water samples. The assessment was done during June 2016 – July 2016. This paper consists of the causes of water pollution of the two lakes, impacts of the pollution and the reasons because of which the water from these two water bodies cannot be used for irrigation, drinking and fish culture..
Key words: fresh water sources, microbiologically and physicochemical analysis, assessment of various water quality parameters, water pollution

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Mrinal Alexander Emmanuel, Tanu Jindal, Dr. Jakir Hussain, Swadhinata Sahani "Assessment of Physico-Chemical and Biological Parameters of Sanjay Lake and Old Fort Lake Water In Delhi" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Surface Wear Study of the IC Engine Components for the Blend of Honge Biodiesel
  Mr. Venkatasundarrao. K, Dr. S.N. Kurbet, Dr. Vinay V. Kuppast
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806044953    

Abstract:

The importance of the alternative fuels is gaining importance as the design change of combustion process is very minimum or negligible. Hence it is apparent that the study of the factors which affecting the performance and the credibility of the engine as well. There are several researches undergoing to study the performance of the engines using well-known alternative fuels include biodiesel, bioalcohol (methanol, ethanol, butanol), refuse-derived fuel, chemically stored electricity (batteries and fuel cells), hydrogen, non-fossil methane, non-fossil natural gas, vegetable oil, propane and other biomass sources. These bio fuels are chemical fuels as the fossil fuels and generate heat to perform mechanical work, hence, are the most desirable alternative to the fossil fuels. But the existing design of the combustion engines must sustain the same operating parameters, material strength of the different components and emission......
Key words: Alternative fuels, Honge oil, Diesel, Surface roughness

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Mr. Venkatasundarrao. K, Dr. S.N. Kurbet, Dr. Vinay V. Kuppast "Surface Wear Study of the IC Engine Components for the Blend of Honge Biodiesel" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Prediction and Optimization of EDM Process Parameters Using Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm
  Chandramouli S, Eswaraiah
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806045458    

Abstract:

The objective of the paper is to develop empirical models and prediction of machining quality for Electrical Discharge Machining of Precipitation Hardened Stainless Steel (PH Steel) with copper tungsten electrode. The important process input parameters such as peak current, pulse on time, pulse off time and tool lift time are selected to predict the machining qualities of Material Removal Rate and Surface Roughness . Taguchi experimental design L27 orthogonal array was used to formulate the experimental design. The empirical models have been developed to predict the Material Removal Rate and Surface Roughness using Regression Analysis and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Back propagation algorithm with experimental data used to train ANN. Prediction capability of ANN model.....
Key words: PH Steel, copper tungsten electrode, MRR, SR, ANN, NSGA-II.

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Chandramouli S, Eswaraiah "Prediction and Optimization of EDM Process Parameters Using Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Computation of Total Sediment load in River Osun, South-western Nigeria
  Olaniyan, O.S, Adegbola, A.A, Oladeji, O.S, Adejumo, K.S
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806045962    

Abstract:

Modeling of sediment transport can be used to solve environmental and water quality problems. Sediment transport rate hinge upon hydraulic flow, upstream sediment supply and bed composition. River Osun is a river in southwestern of Nigerian that is ascribe in local mythology to have a woman turn into flowing water after a traumatic event. There is paucity of information on sediment transport dynamics of the riverHydrological and geometrical data were measured for 12 months at four sampling stations across River Osun. Stage and discharge rating equation was developed, the developed rating equation was used to predict discharge Schoklitsch's (1950) equation and equation developed by USACE (1995) and Ongley (1996) were used to estimate unmeasured and measured load, respectively. However, comparison was made between Meyer Peter's (1951) equation, Schoklitsch's (1950) equation, Nielsen's......
Key words: .......

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Olaniyan, O.S, Adegbola, A.A, Oladeji, O.S, Adejumo, K.S "Computation of Total Sediment load in River Osun, South-western Nigeria" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fault Diagnosis usingImproved Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
  Sakena Alsadig AltahrSaied
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806046370    

Abstract:

In this paper a novel method for solving diagnostic problems more effectively was designed by using a soft computing method. Firstly, vibration signal was measured and analyzed, secondly, the diagnostic tasks were solved by Ant Colony Optimization technique (ACO) and Genetic algorithm technique (GA) using analyzed data. The purpose of using GA and ACO is to compare them with our proposed method that combines advantages of both, GA and ACO algorithms. The created method integrates principles of both approaches and illustrates benefits of applying the integration of ACO and GA to solve diagnostic problems. The novel method provides better performance in both effectiveness and efficiency than the simple GA and ACO algorithms..
Key words: .....

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Sakena Alsadig AltahrSaied "Fault Diagnosis usingImproved Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fuel Preferences for Marine Diesel Engine: The Advantages and Disadvantages
  .....
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806050104     

Abstract:

In today's fast-paced development, the use of correct and efficient fuel is truly significant to a developing nation. The study of fuel must be well investigated before any company purchase and use it. There are many factors needed to consider looking into those that can harm and those that can help boost investments. This reading focuses particularly on marine diesel fuel efficiency and performance. The two major varieties of fuels which marine diesel engine uses are the marine diesel oil (MDO) and the heavy fuel (HFO). Also mentioned in this article are fuels Low.........
Keyword: Design of experiments, Hybrid composites, Machinability.

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.... "Fuel Preferences for Marine Diesel Engine: The Advantages and Disadvantages" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The First Parallel Multi-lingual Corpus of Amazigh
  Fadoua ATAA ALLAH, Nina MIFTAH
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806050512    

Abstract:

Amazigh language is the autochthon language of North Africa. However, until 2011 that it became a constitutionally official language in Morocco, after years of persecution. Amazigh language is still considered as one of the under resourced languages. This paper presents the development of a multi-lingual parallel corpus (Amazigh-English-French) aligned on the sentence level. The objective is to be used in linguistic research, teaching, and natural language processing application, primarily machine translation. The paper discusses this aspect, and presents the corpus encoding. A multi-lingual parallel corpus, which brings together Amazigh, English and French, is a new resource for the NLP community that completes the present panorama of parallel corpora. To the best of our knowledge, this corpus is the first Amazigh-English-French multi-lingual parallel corpus. The built corpus is sentence aligned, including 31864 sentences. The alignment was done automatically, while the evaluation was done manually. The evaluation results are satisfactory, achieving more than 90%..
Key words:Amazigh, Encoding, Multi-lingual Corpus, Sentence-Alignment.

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Fadoua ATAA ALLAH, Nina MIFTAH "The First Parallel Multi-lingual Corpus of Amazigh" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Flexural Behaviour of Sugarecane Bagasse Ash Modified Fibre Reinforced Concrete
  M. Venkata Rao, Ajay Babu Tammana, Aditya Akhilesh Varma Rudraraju
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806051320    

Abstract:

Cement is the major component in concrete. The cement industry is creating environmental problem by emission of CO2 during manufacturing of cement. There are various environmental impacts of cement on our ecology. Today researchers are more focusing towards the environment issue globally. Aim of the study is to utilize the waste product produced by agricultural industry and enhancement of concrete strength by using steel fibre. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) is a left-over industrial by-product which is used as a replacement of cement. SCBA has high content in silica. Using of SCBA in concrete is a remarkable possibility for economy and conservation of natural resources. Sugar cane bagasse ash generated in sugar mill creating environment issue as most of the part is used as a land fill. One of the important properties of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) is its superior resistance to cracking....
Key words:Bagasse ash, Cement, Flexural strength, superplasticizer, Steel fiber

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M. Venkata Rao, Ajay Babu Tammana, Aditya Akhilesh Varma Rudraraju "Flexural Behaviour of Sugarecane Bagasse Ash Modified Fibre Reinforced Concrete" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Compressive and Split Tensile Strength Characteristics of Silica Fume Modified Fiber Reinforced Concrete
  M. Venkata Rao, Aditya Akhilesh Varma Rudraraju, Ajay Babu Tammana
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806052128    

Abstract:

The Cement mainly consumes approximately 10 -15 % of total industrial energy. This energy releases carbon dioxide co2 emission to atmosphere as a result of burning fuels to produce energy needed for cement manufacturing process. The study project deals with the mechanical properties of concrete specimens as per mix design. The compressive strength, split tensile strength of concrete are calculated for 7, 14 and 28 days age with replacement of chemical admixtures with respect to the cement by weight. The project deals with different percentages of replacement of silica fumes so as 0, 5, 10 and 15 and polypropylene fibers of 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1 and 1.2. Comparison of results and discussion parameters of project and pros and cons of the experiment are determined. It states the safety usage and limitations of use of chemical admixtures up to an extent. Polypropylene fibers can increases the strength of a building by reducing internal cracking in beams and column sections. it is important......
Key words: Admixtures , Internal Cracking, M40 grade, , Polypropylene fibre, Silica fume

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M. Venkata Rao, Aditya Akhilesh Varma Rudraraju, Ajay Babu Tammana "Compressive and Split Tensile Strength Characteristics of Silica Fume Modified Fiber Reinforced Concrete" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Review on Different Synthesis and Modification Process of Ferrite Nano particles as Filler in Epoxy Composite
  Ashtosh Kumar Singh, M. G. H. Zaidi, P. L. Sah, Rakesh Saxena
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806052933    

Abstract:

In the era of nanotechnology, Nano-ferrite epoxy composite particles are reviewed as a filler for many applications. The application of various composite materials includes the use of some ferrites such as cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc ferrite as well as their mixed metal combination with Cd, Mn and Cr. Without any loss of magnetic properties of ferrites, some ferrites play significant role in the area of nanotechnology those ferrites are Core–shell nanostructures with silica and titanium. Most of the ferrite are obtained mainly by wet-chemical sol-gel or co-precipitation methods, more rarely by the sonochemical technique, mechanical high-energy ball milling, spark plasma sintering, microwave heating or hydrothermal route. Ferrite Nano particles can be modify by some coupling agent and some other process due to which it produces more bonding strength with different types of epoxy matrix. In this paper different types of synthesis and modification process of ferrite nano particles will be described which use as a filler in epoxy composites...
Key words:Ferrite, Filler, Synthesis Process, Nano Particle, Epoxy Composites.

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Ashtosh Kumar Singh, M. G. H. Zaidi, P. L. Sah, Rakesh Saxena "A Review on Different Synthesis and Modification Process of Ferrite Nano particles as Filler in Epoxy Composite" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• 2 X 1 Array Using Photographic Paper as Substrate
  Mrs. Devashree Marotkar, Dr.Prassanna Zade
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806053437    

Abstract:

In the field of wireless communication many advances have took place, which made us possible to use photographic paper as substrate for a microstrip patch antenna. In this paper a 2x1 array using photographic paper as substrate is designed using HFSS software. Due to use of Photographic paper as substrate the antenna becomes flexible and also the manufacturing cost is reduced. To design an array single element was designed using photographic paper substrate. Using that single element 2x1 array was designed. The designed antenna gives four frequencies, and the values of bandwidth and gain makes this antenna suitable for WLAN & WiMAX applications..
Key words: Microstrip Antenna, Photographic Paper, Array, Flexible antenna, WLAN.

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Mrs. Devashree Marotkar, Dr.Prassanna Zade "2 X 1 Array Using Photographic Paper as Substrate" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality
  Aananthan M
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806053845    

Abstract:

Mediated reality also known as augmented reality plays various vital role from providing safety to in directing the personal to what to do next in the industries. It has been becoming a part of every individual person for the past few years due to advancement in technology. The principle behind this technology is merging visual perception of the real world environments and objects with virtual, computer –generated content. The virtual reality is generated by rendering the generated imagery in more proportion over the real environment, so there exist a common method to generate a virtual world but the amount of virtuality created says the type of environment created. It is achieved by using various systems such as computers, displays, specialized devices for geospatial and graphic alignment, wired and wireless networks and software. In this paper we will see the various applications of AR in various fields like medicine, aircraft, Industries, automotive, military, Welding, Maps, Education, Personal use and their working in general, as the technology advances the usage of technology along with other technology increases..
Key words: .....

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Aananthan M "Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Experimetnal Investigation on Delamination of Nanocomposite Laminates
  G.Narendar, E. Arjun
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806054649    

Abstract:

The principal mode of failure of layered composites is the separation along the interfaces of the layers, viz. delamination. This type of failure is induced by interlaminar tension and shear that developed due to variety of factors such as: Free edge effects, structural discontinuities, localized disturbances during manufacture and in working condition, such as impact of falling objects, drilling during lab applications, moisture and temperature variations and internal failure mechanisms such as matrix cracking, etc. Engineering layered composites involves complex definitions that include numerous layers, materials, thicknesses and orientations. The engineering challenge is to predict how well the finished product will perform under real-world working conditions. Simulation is ideal for this when considering stresses and deformations as well as a range of failure criteria. Experimental investigation is carried out on the composite laminates for delamination analysis.
Key words: .....

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G.Narendar, E. Arjun "Experimetnal Investigation on Delamination of Nanocomposite Laminates" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Image Denoising based on Segmentation and Shape Analysis for Vegetables and Fruits Image
  Mrs. Aparna Singh Kushwah , Aditya Bhalavi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806055055    

Abstract:

In this research work adopted the image de-noising scheme which is embedded using modified median filter, segmentation and edge detection method. The classical modified median filter replaces the central pixel in a window with the median of the pixels into this window. The modified median is the value of the pixel that occupies the central position when arrange the window pixels in ascending order. Image segmentation is the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple segments. The goal of segmentation is to simplify and/or change the representation of an image into something that is more meaningful and easier to analyze. Edge detection is an image processing technique for finding the boundaries of objects within images. It works by detecting discontinuities in brightness. The simulation is done in MATLAB and simulation results of proposed method gives improved result than the existing method.
Key words: Image Segmentation, Image De-noising, Edge Detection, Modified Median Filter

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Mrs. Aparna Singh Kushwah , Aditya Bhalavi "Image Denoising based on Segmentation and Shape Analysis for Vegetables and Fruits Image" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• IMAGE COMPRESSION FOR DIFFERENT BLOCK PIXEL ALGORITHM FOR RANDOM IMAGE
  Ashutosh Kumar, Prof. Pankaj Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806055660    

Abstract:

This paper aims to proposed multi-level block truncation code (BTC) based image compression of continuous tone still image to achieve low bit rate and high quality. The algorithm has been proposed by combining bit map and quantization. The algorithms are proposed based on the assumption that the computing power is not the limiting factor. The parameters considered for evaluating the performance of the proposed methods are compression ratio and subjective quality of the reconstructed images. The performance of proposed algorithm including color image compression, progressive image transmission is quite good. The effectiveness of the proposed schemes is established by comparing the performance with that of the existing methods.
Key words: Block Truncation Code (BTC), Bit Map, Multi-level, Quantization

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Ashutosh Kumar, Prof. Pankaj Sharma "IMAGE COMPRESSION FOR DIFFERENT BLOCK PIXEL ALGORITHM FOR RANDOM IMAGE" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Modified Median Filter for Removal of High Density Salt and Pepper Noise
  Neha Bisen, Dr. Vineeta Saxena Nigam
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806056165    

Abstract:

In the Transmission of pictures over channels, Images are debased by salt and pepper commotion, because of defective correspondences. Salt and Pepper clamor is likewise alluded to as Impulse commotion. The target of sifting is to evacuate the driving forces so that the clamor free picture is completely recouped with least flag twisting. The best-known and most broadly utilized non-straight advanced channels, in light of request measurements are middle channels. Middle channels are known for their ability to evacuate motivation clamor without harming the edges. Middle channels are known for their ability to expel drive commotion and in addition save the edges. The compelling expulsion of drive regularly prompts to pictures with obscured and twisted elements. At high clamor densities, their execution is poor. Another calculation to evacuate high-thickness salt and pepper commotion utilizing altered Median Filter is proposed..
Key words:Salt Noise, Pepper Noise, Median Filter, High Density

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Neha Bisen, Dr. Vineeta Saxena Nigam "Modified Median Filter for Removal of High Density Salt and Pepper Noise" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Optimization of Steganography and Watermarking Through Least Significant Bits on Different Image File Format
  Priyanka Thakur, Dr. Vineeta Saxena Nigam
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806056670    

Abstract:

Steganography" is a technique that thwarts unauthorized users to have access to the crucial data, to invisibility and payload capacity using the different technique like discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT).The available methods till date result in good robustness but they are not independent of file format. The aim of this research work is to develop a independent of file format and secure hiding data scheme. The independent of file format and secure hiding data scheme in increased by combining DWT and least significant bits (LSB) technique. Accordingly an efficient scheme is developed here that are having better MSE and PSNR against different characters.
Key words: Discrete Wavelet Transform, SVD, PSNR, MSE

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Priyanka Thakur, Dr. Vineeta Saxena Nigam "Optimization of Steganography and Watermarking Through Least Significant Bits on Different Image File Format" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Steganography Scheme Based on LSB Embedding Technique with Different Image Format
  Mrs. Aparna Singh Kushwah, Ruchika Daharwal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806057175    

Abstract:

To increase the security of messages sent over internet steganography is used. Various steganography techniques have been proposed so far. Least Significant Bit steganography is one such technique in which least significant bit of pixels of the image is replaced with data bits. This approach has the advantage that it is simplest one to understand, easy to implement and results in stego-images that contain embedded data as hidden. The disadvantage of Least Significant Bit is that it is vulnerable to stego analysis and is not secure at all. So as to make it more secure, the least significant bit algorithm is modified to work in different way. The proposed method performs a selection of suitable direction for secret byte embedding so as to minimize the bit changes in the cover image when a secret data is embedded. This paper reports a new algorithm for LSB (Least Significant Bit) replacement based image steganography for RGB color images. The directional aspects of embedding data are explored to develop an improved LSB embedding technique.
Key words: Cover Image, Secret Message, LSB Technique, Different Format

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Mrs. Aparna Singh Kushwah, Ruchika Daharwal "Steganography Scheme Based on LSB Embedding Technique with Different Image Format" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design Multiplier-less CIC Filter with Compensators Providing Minimum Passband Attenuation
  Sushmita Daxini, Dr. Anubhuti Khare
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806057679    

Abstract:

Multirate filters find application in communication, speech processing, image compression, antenna systems, analog voice privacy systems and in the digital audio industry. The cascaded integrator-comb filter is a digital filter which employed multiplier-less realization. In this paper, we present a method for the design of simple multiplier-less compensators based on the minimization of the peak-to-peak passband deviation. This type of filter has extensive applications in low-cost implementation of interpolators and decimators. It combines the cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) multirate filter structure with compensation techniques to improve the filter's passband response. Simulation results show the magnitude responses and passband attenuation of the CIC filters, CIC filter with compensator and multiplier-less CIC filter with compensator.
Key words: Cascaded Integrator-Comb (CIC) filter, decimation, Multiplier-less, Compensator

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Sushmita Daxini, Dr. Anubhuti Khare "Design Multiplier-less CIC Filter with Compensators Providing Minimum Passband Attenuation" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Different Types of Noise Attack based DWT-SVD Hybrid Technique for Watermarking
  Tapasya Patel, Dr. Anubhuti Khare
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806058084    

Abstract:

Watermarking" is the process of hiding digital information in original data, to increases robustness and security using the different technique like Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). The available methods till date result in good security but they are not robust enough against different attacks. The aim of this research work is to develop a robust and secure watermarking scheme against various sorts of attacks. The robustness and security in increased by combining DWT and SVD. Accordingly an efficient scheme is developed here that are having better MSE and PSNR against a wide range of attacks.The simulated experimentation is done in MATLAB and the simulation results of propose method (DWT-SVD) gives improved results than the existing method (DWT).
Key words: Discrete Wavelet Transform, SVD, PSNR, MSE

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Tapasya Patel, Dr. Anubhuti Khare "Different Types of Noise Attack based DWT-SVD Hybrid Technique for Watermarking" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Good Quality and High Image Compression using DWT-DCT Technique
  Supriya Rathore, Dr. Vineeta Saxena Nigam
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806058589    

Abstract:

The issue of minimizing the amount of data needed to denote the digitized image is addressed by image compression. It is specially used for compression of images, where tolerable degradation is needed. The world has found itself among large amount of data due to the significant technology growth and presence into Digital Age. Dealing with such massive information can often introduce some difficulties. The compression reduces the size of the image in bytes without corrupting the image quality to unacceptable level. When the image size is reduced, various images are saved in particular allocated disk or memory space. It also minimizes the time needed to upload or download the images in web pages. This research work have been aimed to develop an efficient image compression for improving compression ratio and PSNR value based on DWT-DCT technique is designed to improve the performance and to reduce the memory consumption of the compression system.
Key words: Image Compression, DWT, IDWT, DCT, PSNR

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Supriya Rathore, Dr. Vineeta Saxena Nigam "Good Quality and High Image Compression using DWT-DCT Technique" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Survey Paper on Image Compression using Block Truncation Coding Technique
  Kishore Yogi, Dr. AnubhutiKhare
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0806059094    

Abstract:

Text and image data are important elements for information processing almost in all the computer applications. Uncompressed image or text data require high transmission bandwidth and significant storage capacity. Designing an efficient compression scheme is more critical with the recent growth of computer applications.Modern applications, in addition to high compression ratio, also demand for efficient encoding and decoding processes, so that computational constraint of many real-time applications is satisfied.Two generally utilized spatial area pressure strategies are block truncation coding (BTC) and vector quantization (VQ). BTC strategy brings about great quality picture with high piece rate, while the VQ is notable for low piece rate yet creates low quality pictures.In further work of this paper is multi-level BTC includes BTC algorithm as well as vector quantization method for purpose of multi-leveltechnique for gray and color image.
Key words: Block Truncation Code (BTC), PSNR, Block Size, Compression Ratio

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Kishore Yogi, Dr. AnubhutiKhare "Survey Paper on Image Compression using Block Truncation Coding Technique" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Experimental Investigation of Emission Characteristic of Tert Butyl Alcohol and Gasoline Blend Using Two Stroke Si Engine
  Sanjay Singh Patel, Dr. Nitin Shrivastava
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-08060595100    

Abstract:

Internal combustion engine are the mostpreferred prime mover across the world. Spark ignition engine is preferred locomotive prime mover due to its smooth operation and low maintains. The gasoline is fossil fuel which is limited in reservoirs causes varieties of study in search of alternative fuel for SI engine, where alcohol promises best alternative fuel. In this paper study of alcohols are tried to investigate in two parts. Comparative study of tert butyl alcohol on the basis of blending percentage is first part, followed by investigation of oxygen role on the basis of oxygen percentage in the blend. The result shows highest replacement of gasoline by butanol at 5 % of oxygen content, the performance of same oxygen percentage for other two alcohols are also better. Presence of oxygen gives you more desirable combustion resulting into low emission of CO, HC and higher emission of CO2 as a result of complete combustion, higher temperature is also favorable for NO emission resulting higher emissions for it.
Key words: .....

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Sanjay Singh Patel, Dr. Nitin Shrivastava "Experimental Investigation of Emission Characteristic of Tert Butyl Alcohol and Gasoline Blend Using Two Stroke Si Engine" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Soil Moisture Mapping Over Odisha
  Dr Satyananda Swain, Binayak Mishra
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-080605101106    

Abstract:

This paper presents a complete methodology to process SMAP surface soil moisture data to develop monthly average soil moisture maps of the state Odisha. The paper also defines the utility of SMAP soil moisture product (L4_SM product) to identify the soil moisture variations over Odisha by analysing daily soil moisture data for entire duration(June-October,2018) covering the monsoon season of the year. In order to determine the developed methodology the year 2018 was selected wherein a total of 153 SMAP daily data files(ascending pass) surface soil moisture for the desired duration were processed and analysed. It has been observed that the soil moisture variations are in proportion to the seasonal changes as well as the rainfall variations..
Key words: .....

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Dr Satyananda Swain, Binayak Mishra "Soil Moisture Mapping Over Odisha" Vol. 8 - Issue 6 (June 2018), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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