IJERA

Abstract:

Agriculture (or farming) provides food required for human survival. Agriculture is the second largest industry in the US after Defense. Today's agricultural businesses must contend with issues like population growth, increasing urbanization, workforce impact from pandemics, financial upheaval, unpredictable climate conditions, increasing water shortages, shrinking arable land, limited availability of natural resources, and fluctuating costs. These challenges put global food supply and food security at risk. To accommodate the needs of the growing population, the agriculture industry needs to adopt new innovative solutions and farmers must look for ways to minimize their risks, or at least make them more manageable. This paper provides an introduction on agricultural intelligence.
Keyword: agriculture, farming, agricultural intelligence, farming intelligence, artificial intelligence

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Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Grace A. Adegoye, Abayomi Ajayi-Majebi, Sarhan M. Musa "Agricultural Intelligence: An Introduction" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Recycling of Concrete debris can contribute to reducing the total environmental impact of the building sector. To increase the scope for recycling in the future, aspects of recycling must be included in the design phase. Besides, aggregate sources near Metro Manila are almost depleted, so aggregates must be brought from far quarries. Consequently, reclaiming aggregates from concrete debris would lead to environmental and economic benefits. Recycling of waste concrete is done to reuse the concrete rubble as aggregates in concrete. The recycled aggregates have less crushing strength, and impact resistance and have more absorption value as compared to fresh aggregates.This experimental study aimed to use crushed concrete debris as an alternative fine aggregate in a mortar mixture. A conventional mortar mixture will be compared to a concrete debris mixture for the same proportions..
Keyword: Concrete debris, aggregate, strength, recycled waste.

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Abhist Narain Singh Bhadauria, T.N. Pandey, Shreyansh Pandey "Recycling of Concrete Debris using aggregate: a pathway for environmental sustainability" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this project, we propose a brain tumor segmentation andclassification method for multi-modality magneticresonance image scans. The data from multi- modal braintumor segmentation challenge are utilized which arecoregisteredandskullstripped,andthehistogrammatchingis performed with a reference volume of high contrast. Weare detecting tumor by using preprocessing, segmentation,feature extraction, optimization and lastly classificationafter that preprocessed image use to classify the tissue. Weperformed a leave one out cross validation and achieved 88Dice overlap for the complete tumor region, 75 for the coretumor region and 95 for enhancing tumor region, which ishigherthantheDiceoverlapreported.
Keyword: xxx

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Roshnadevi J. Sapkal, Dr.Sharda L. Kore, Sonal M. Patil, Savita A. Itkarkar, Roma R. Jain "Detection and Classification of Brain Tumor Using Machine Learning" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Viral outbreaks are extremely infectious and can be lethal. Covid 19 outbreak is currently harming everyone. Disinfecting contaminated surfaces is an important step in preventing the spread of infectious diseases and putting a stop to pandemics around the world. Maintaining safe and sanitary public spaces can be difficult, especially when multiple people touch the same surfaces on a regular basis if not properly maintained. Hand-held disinfection equipment are used to clean public places and frequently touched surfaces. But, manual disinfection in addition to being time-consuming increases infection risks by exposing cleaners to contaminated surfaces. Disinfection techniques are just one of several advancements made possible by the current COVID-19 outbreak on the public, social, and medical levels. The paper presented here describes an automated way of sanitizing the different surfaces without actually caressing the surfaces..
Keyword: Covid 19, Sanitization, Arduino Uno, UV Tubes, Ultrasonic Sensors.

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Kanchan Mahajan, Atul Vitekar, Pranali Yawle, Shital Shelke, Mahavir Kasar "Arduino Based Covid'19 Disinfection Box" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The neural network framework used for a development in cryptography. Cryptographic techniques and tools are playing an important role in designing emerging network security technologies. Cryptography is a fundamental part of cryptographic technology and is considered one of the important aspects associated with its use. It is constant battle between cryptographers trying to secure information and cryptanalysts trying to break cryptosystems that moves the entire body of cryptology knowledge forward. Cryptanalysis is the methods for obtaining the meaning of encrypted information, without access to the secret information that is normally required to do so.....
Keyword: ANN, Cryptography , Cryptosystem , Decryption , Encryption

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Dr. Aruna J. Chamatkar, Prof. Sachin Y. Zade, Dr. P. K. Butey "An Outline of Cryptanalysis and Cryptography Using Neural Network Framework" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Weather forecasting has been an important application for predicting the weather changes and accordingly organizing human activities to prevent any loss. The Weathercast application notifies the user about the weather conditions like min-max temperature, humidity, windspeed, AQI (Air Quality Index), UVI (Ultraviolet Index) of any particular location around the globe. This application has been developed using android studio and the soft wares used are XML (for front-end programming), JAVA (for back-end programming). The app focuses on forecasting weather conditions using historical data. This is done by extracting information from OpenWeathermap....
Keyword: temperature,humidity,AQI,UVI, XML,JAVA, OpenWeatherMap API

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Shruti Dalvi, Hitakrit Goplani, Swara Nabar, Krish Mehta, Dr. Dashrath Mane "Weather Cast: Application that provides Real Time Weather" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The nutritional status of people adversely affects their physical and mental growth. The present studies were carried out to assess the hygiene practices and food safety among street food vendors in the city of Kolkata. It includes 100 samples of vendors. Fifty vendors were mobile and other 50 was fixed vendors. A self-planned questionnaire was used for data collection for the vendors. The questionnaire included questions about demographic information, hygiene practices, and food safety. Thirty eight percent of vendors used stalls, but did not uphold their stalls well. Eighty-three per cent of the vendors had thrown garbage in the open vessel and 14.0% used dustbin for dispose garbage. Personal hygiene was also observed which indicated that the vendors never wear the head covers, handled food with bare hand and they did not wear overcoats/aprons as well. Street food vendors were not aware of hygienic and sanitary practice.
Keyword: Physical and mental growth, Kolkata area, Food safety, Sanitation, Street food, Vendors

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Dr. Phani Bhusan Ghosh, Mr. Sanjoy Ghosh "A study on hygiene practices, sanitation and food safety knowledge among food vendors in different sectors of Kolkata city, West Bengal, India" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Cloud-based ERP system is concern about the security issue of the system. To achieve more secure communication channels, computer security experts from universities and institutes around the world are still looking for better ways to improve internet security. Various cryptographic algorithms have been successfully introduced by researchers throughout the world based on the block cipher [4][5][6][7][18], fulfilling the diffusion properties and computed by several rounds to produce safe data transmission [5][6][7]. To develop to good cryptography algorithm, the research design and research methodology is an important step. The research design framework is an essential to identify the methods of DNA-based Sequencing algorithm development process and the evaluation criteria of the new proposed algorithm in Cloud-based ERP System (CBES)..
Keyword: ERP, Cloud-based ERP, DNA-based, sequencing algorithm, Data Security.

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Chng Chern Wei, Tadiwa Elisha Nyamasvisva "DNA-based Approach of Security Analysis for Cloud-based ERP System" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Resource efficiency is a prerequisite to sustainability in the built environment. Various codes, standards, manuals used by public agencies for design and execution of projects, and educational curriculum for graduate studies require integration of green building principles. However, detailed case studies on prevalent building envelope and energy system design strategies in the Indian context are required for education of students and practitioners. This paper documents envelope and energy system details of three public sector institutional buildings in the composite climate zone of India. Since these are government buildings, their environmental performance has been evaluated using the GRIHA green building rating system. The information is published to provide an education tool for various stakeholders..
Keyword: case studies, green building, GRIHA rating.

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Priyanka Kochhar, Mandeep Singh "Case Studies on Green Institutional Buildings in India" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), trailing data sinks' mobility for data gathering has drawn popular in recent years. To achieve optimized network performance, or target at collecting a small portion of sensed data in the network recent researches will either focus on planning a mobile sink's moving trajectory in advance. In many application scenarios, however, a mobile sink cannot move freely in the deployed area. In this paper they propose energy consuming proactive data reporting protocols, SinkTrail for mobile sink-based data collection to avoid constant sink location update traffics when a sink's future locations cannot be scheduled in advance. SinkTrail differs their approach from.....
Keyword: Wireless sensor network, Sink, Routing, GPS, and Mobile sink

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Dr.Vanajaroselin E.C, Dheeraj D. Umardand "Wireless Sensor technology is used for Mobile Sink-based Self Adaptive and Energy Efficient Proactive Data Collection Protocol for Network" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper presents on smart cleaning robot to makes the tedious, tiresome household works to simpler and automatic. The main objective of this robot is to reduce the human interaction in the cleaning process. The proposed system has mopping section and vacuum section. Mopping section consists of a mop attached to the robot which is used for cleaning the floor. It is attached to a small water container from which water is dipped in order to make the mop wet. Vacuum section consists of vacuum pump for sucking the dust particles on the way. All hardware and software operations are controlled by Arduino mega microcontroller. GSM module has been used for wireless communication between Robot and user. An acknowledgment message is sent to the user when the robot starts working....
Keyword: Arduino, floor cleaning, smart robot, vacuum cleaner, GSM module

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Sharada L. Kore, Sonal M. Patil, Roshana J. Sapkal, Savita A. Itkarkar, Roma R. Jain "Floor Cleaning Smart Robot" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

As the power system is moving towards zero carbon trace emission, DC- System (DCS) plays a vital role. Approximately all renewable resources are based on DCS, low rating smart devices also works on DC power, automobile industry is also switching towards DCS. Hence DC-Converters (DCC) are becoming extremely popular and essential. In this work a Multi-Port Converter (MPC) essentially DC is designed which is capable of connecting multiple DC units at a time with versatile voltage profile. Also, it can perform both buck as well as boost functioning to meet the power as well as voltage ratings of various sources as well as applications simultaneously. The advantages of proposed MPC are it employs only two switches and the switches has very low voltage ratings hence losses are reduced. Also, it offers negligible interference even at high switching frequencies. The proposed DC converter is designed for low voltage rating.
Keyword: Cascaded 5-level MLI (C-5-L-MLI) Multi-Level Inverter (MLI), Power Electronics Converters, PV-Panel, Voltage Source Inverter (VSI), Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).

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Nikhil Kumar Khare, Deepak Agrawal, Anukirti Srivastava "Multi-Port DC-DC Converter for Simultaneous Buck and Boost Operation" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Photonic impact induced or laser induced microdeposition using high power pulse laser is an emerging new technology that overcomes limitations on materials used over microelectroforming, the most popular way to produce micromoulds for microinjection molding. Forming deformable microfeatures inside micromoulds to enable active demolding is challenging due to limitations on deformation ratio of shape memory alloys. This study proposes a new method for producing micropillars inside micromoulds that makes large deformation of micropillars in low temperature phase possible. Success of this study would not only enable the fabrication of microfeatured biocompatible plastic product such as artificial skin, molecular filters, etc. with the lowest cost massively. It could also be used to produce other artificial products that mimicking plant in the nature such as artificial leaf that absorbs CO2 and produces O2.
Keyword: microdeposition, mechanical strength, photonic impact forward transfer, side-wall roughness

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Yung KL, Xu Y, Ko SM, Kwan FY, Foster JA "Study of Picosecond Photonic Impact Microdeposition of Active Micropillars with Negative Sidewall Inside Micromoulds" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Nowadays the conventional concrete construction industry is not sustainable due to huge consumption of natural materials and environmental pollution created during its production. The use of waste product as a cementitious material in concrete will reduce the use of cement and ultimately the construction cost. In the present investigation Rice Hush Ash and Egg Shell Powder are used as a replacement of cement. The compressive strength, spit tensile strength and flexural strength of these mixes are tested and compared with the normal concrete at the end of 7 and 28 days and also the microstructure of rice husk ash and egg shell of varying percentages was determined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)..
Keyword: ....

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AKHILA T, Dr.M.S.SHOBHA "Partial Replacement of Rice Husk Ash and Egg Shell Powder for Cement on Normal Concrete" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The first section describes dihedrals as tool for Heegard decompositions of the SU(2) geometry, a 3-dimensional unit sphere. For gravity waves a new geometry and energy related interactions is invented as earthworm. It sets the stretching squeezing property of gravity on the earthworm. The tetrahedron configuration for nucleons and the rgb-gravitons as neutral color charge of nucleons is discussed. The use of S4 permutation subgroups is described. In the last sections many examples are presented concerning quadruples such as coefficients of a Moebius transformation and triples such as rgb for the neutral color charge of nucleons and many other (often numerical) triples. General relativity is taken up using the tools of catastrophes, cross ratios and triple mappings by a cross ratio. Measuring tools are discussed..
Keyword: color charges, dihedrals, cross ratios, earthworm

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Gudrun Kalmbach H.E. "Mathematical Tools for Quanta" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This article is focused on methods, techniques and tools to assist the development of products and robots that need to work with precision in indoor environments, besides presenting the main technologies related to the subject, with their respective advantages, disadvantages, challenges. Finally, a prototype of a mobile robot will be proposed and developed. Self-driving vehicles have become part of Industry 4.0. The Fourth Revolution is present in all stages of manufacturing a product, with benefits for safety, profitability, quality, assembly and worker well-being. Intelligent mobile robots have the ability to move in predetermined places, autonomously and without running the risk of colliding with other robots or people, being able to reprogram their trajectories, no longer having the need to place markers when along its route. They are able to carry heavy loads, carry out unhealthy tasks and work 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Keyword: Control and Automation Engineering, Mobile Robotics, Smart Robots, Beacons, Mobile autonomous robots.

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Marivan Silva Gomes, Railma Lima de Paula, Jandecy Cabral Leite "Development of an Intelligent Mobile Robot Prototype for Indoor Material Transportation" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper addresses OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) transmission over optical links with high spectral efficiency, i.e. by using high-order QAM-modulation schemes as a mapping method prior to the OFDM multicarrier representation. Here we address especially coherent optical OFDM modem in long distance which is affected by nonlinear distortion caused by fiber nonlinearity. Fiber nonlinearity is a major performance-limiting factor in advanced optical communication systems. We proposed a nonlinear electrical equalization scheme based on the Volterra model. To Compare with other popular linear compensation technique such as the LMS (least Mean Square), simulation results are presented to demonstrate the capability of a Volterra model based electrical equalizer used in a coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system. It is shown that the Volterra model based equalizer can significantly reduce nonlinear distortion..
Keyword: Equalizers, optical fiber communication, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), Volterra model.

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Ashwini S.Dharashive, S.S.Killarikar "Analyais Of Coherent Optical OFDM System using Adaptive Volterra Equalizer" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) has been researched during the past few decades as an alternative to sustainable construction materials, which can minimize CO2 emission for its use of industry by-products. Past researches on GPC show that it can be suitable for the structural applications, with a workable slump, and comparable grade of strength to ordinary Portland cement concrete. In this review paper, the mix design, mechanical properties, durability and microstructure of GPC have been discussed to figure out and report the last data and information regarding geopolymer concrete with waste
Keyword: Geopolymer Concrete, Waste, Construction Material, Mechanical properties.

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Dr.S.Kavitha, Shashikiran C R, Umadevi R "Geopolymer Concrete as a Sustainable Material With Wastes- Anoverview" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper deals with the seismic response of two high rise buildings of 117m and 93m respectively, 21.11m apart, structurally connected by means of single, double and triple horizontal and inclined sky-bridges. A total of 10 different cases are considered, in all cases the buildings are analysed using dynamic analysis method and the responses of the buildings are recorded. The response of the buildings to seismic excitation in terms of time period, maximum storey displacement, story drift, storey shear and base shear of both buildings have been compared. The results confirmed that cases with inclined sky-bridge is better at reducing maximum displacement for taller of the two building by 10-29% depending upon number of sky bridges used while horizontal bridge is better at reducing maximum displacement for shorter of the two building by up to 10% depending upon number of sky bridges used. The combination of both horizontal and inclined sky-bridge resulted in reduction in displacement by 29% for taller building and a slightly increase by 4% for shorter building as compared to single horizontal sky-bridge.
Keyword: Horizontal truss connecting buildings, seismic analysis, Sky-bridge, skyways, tall buildings

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Syed Adnan Hussain, M. A. Azeem, Ahmed Minhajuddin "Effect on Seismic Behaviour of Structurally connected Tall Buildings" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The objective of this article was to discuss the application of LoRa network and ESP32 microprocessor in a prototype of a polyphase electronic electric energy meter. The application was developed for a company in the Manaus Industrial Complex. The article is considered exploratory, applied and qualitative under the aspects of bibliographic research and case study. Data collected through meetings, technical visits and research on the theme. The evolution of smart meters generates innovation to the energy network and optimizes the reading and data recorded by electronic meters. Results showed the capability of long-distance remote communication and efficiency in energy consumption data recording.
Keyword: LoRa Network, ESP32, Smart Meters, Remote Communication.

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Caio Luiz Jodas Nogueira, Jandecy Cabral Leite, Marcelo Maia do Nascimento, Marivan Silva Gomes, Juarez da Silva Ramos Junior, Railma Lima de Paula, Michael da Silva Caralho, Henrique Mark dos Santos Correa, Laís Freitas Bastos, Luis Gabryel dos Santos Miranda "LORA NETWORK AND ESP32 MICROPROCESSOR APPLIED TO A PROTOTYPE ELECTRONIC ENERGY METER" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Climate change imposes greater challenge in increasing global climatic and rainfall behavior and on the other hand urbanization possess challenge to the dwellers in flood risk. Increase of impervious areas and reduction in lung spaces in a city lead to excess runoff allowing storm water flow into drainage systems and rivers at increased velocities. Flood management practices reduce risk and vulnerability and planning measures help cities to respond external environment changes with land use changes and make cities resilient to any disasters. The city of Hyderabad had experienced flooding in the urban areas in the year of 1908,2000,2001,2002,2006 and 2008. City is at a high.....
Keyword: Climate change, urban floods, GIS, Remote sensing, Management.

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Raghuteja Vemana "A Review of Urban Flood Response Planning and Management In Case Of Hyderabad City" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The COVID-19 outbreak has made the improvement of drone efficiency essential to facilitate automated delivery. Previous research has largely focused on using dimples to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of elliptical airfoils. The results of research on adding dimples to turbine blades has been largely inconclusive. Due to the lack of research on the effect of dimples on drone propellers and the increasing importance of drones, the number and the size of the dimples on the propellers were varied to determine the thrust response of the propellers to RPM. Propellers with different linear distributions of dimples were tested in Ansys Fluent, a computational fluid dynamics simulation, for their thrusts at different RPMs. Inlet velocity, viscous model, gravity, and enclosure size were all kept constant....
Keyword: Aerodynamics, dimples, drones, thrust, vortices

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Sudarshan Atmavilas, Thrust Response to RPM in Drone Blades with and without Dimples "A Review of Urban Flood Response Planning and Management In Case Of Hyderabad City" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This article describes the development of new hybrid composites consisting of epoxy, filled with fly ash, bottom ash and pond ash particles in a fixed composition, and reinforced with e-glass fibre. The chemical composition and size of powders play a vital role to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of PMCs. The weight percentage of powders is 15%.This paper describes the technique of hand layup in order to prepare the specimen. It examines further the physical and mechanical characteristics of these composites and compares unfilled and filled PMCs samples according to ASTM standards. This study reveals that these new class hybrid composites have a hardness, tensile, impact energy, and flexural strength. Thermo gravimetric analysis shows thermal stability and degradation of the manufactured composites. Samples also discover the environmental impact of composites is placed outside for one month.
Keyword: Pond ash; Bottom ash; Fly ash; E-glass fibre; PMC.

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Y. Ravi Kanth, I. Narasimha Murthy, J. Babu Rao "Mechanical behaviour of E-glass fibre, fly ash, bottom ash and pond ash reinforced epoxy composites" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The objective of this work was to determine a water quality index (WQI), considering the spatial and seasonal variations of the Peixe-Boi River watershed using chemometrics methods. Twenty-eight sampling sites were selected. The elements Ag, Al, B, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Ti, V, and Zn were determined using optical emission spectrometry with inductively activated plasma. (ICP-OES) and physicochemical parameters were evaluated using different techniques. The WQI values in the wet season indicated that 39.3 % of the samples collected had good quality and 60.7 % had excellent quality. In the dry season, the WQI values ranged from "Regular" (10.7 %), "Good" (67.9 %), and "Excellent" (21.4 %). The parameters evaluated were found, on average, by the standards of CONAMA resolution 357/2005 for class 2 freshwater rivers. The WQI are among the most effective ways of communicating water quality information to the public or quality managers..
Keyword: advanced statistical methods, Amazon, water monitoring

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Luciana Pinheiro Santos, Simone de Fátima Pinheiro Pereira, Rômulo Magalhães de Sousa, Kellen Heloizy Garcia de Freitas, Pedro Moreira de Sousa Junior, Cléber Silva e Silva, Alan Marcel Fernandes de Souza, Thiago de Melo e Silva, Hemilton Cardoso da Costa "Assessment of the Water Quality Index of Amazon River Using Chemometrics Method" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The current inquiry was conducted to ascertain the flexural strength of both plain cement concrete beams & reinforced cement concrete beams using carbon dioxide curing. The concrete M25 grade mix was developed and beam specimens of size 114mm x 114mm x 495mm were casted. The carbon dioxide curing was conducted for 2hours, 4hours, 6hours and 8hours, 3 beam specimens of PCC and RCC were cured for each hour of carbon dioxide curing and flexural strength of those were determined and compared with 7days, 14days and 28days flexural strength of water cured specimens. 8hours CO2 cured PCC specimens have achieved 92.89% of flexural strength in contrast to 28 days' strength achieved by water cured PCC beams. The 8hours CO2 cured RCC specimens have achieved 98.04% of strength in contrast to 28 days' strength achieved by water cured RCC beams..
Keyword: Carbon dioxide, Carbonation, CO2, Plain cement concrete and Reinforced cement concrete

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Vijaya Kumar Y M, Meena Y R, Manu S E, Natraj R L "Determination of Flexural Strength of Concrete Beams Using Carbon Dioxide Curing" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The process of improving the present transportation system to a more renewable structure is a global challenge because the sector is still heavily dependent on fossil fuels which inadvertently produces a significant proportion of greenhouse gas. There is increased awareness of the use of alternative fuels to improve air quality and promote cleaner energy in the public transportation system. This study aimed to examine the determinants of demand for alternative energy in the U.S. public transit system. Secondary data extracted from Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Price Reports, US EIA,and Bureau of Transportation Statistics were subsequently analyzed with the vector autoregression (VAR) technique. The findings demonstrated that alternative energy sources and their conventional counterparts are close substitutes. The variation of their quantities and prices shows that the popularity of one is a drag on sales of the other. The....
Keyword: Alternative fuel, Public transit, Demand, VAR

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Abimbola Babatunde, Dr. Jacob O. Oluwoye, Dr. Deden Rukmana, Dr. Joyce Pressley, Dr. Aschalew Kassu "Determinants of the Demand for Alternative Energy in the U.S. Public Transportation System" Vol. 12 - No. 9 (September 2022), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Volume 12 - Issue 9

International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA)

Volume 12 - Issue 9

Cover Page : Series-1 Series-1