• Method Data Envelopment Analysis for Estimating of Efficiency in Indication of Poverty
  Aida Guliyeva, Ulviyye Rzayeva
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702010104      

Abstract:

This paper studies the pattern of poverty, discusses various strategies of poverty reduction. The level of poverty is being analyzed according to various criteria. In this paper we propose to build the changes in relevant indicators of poverty level on the basis of various programs such as targeted social support. Method of Data Envelopment Analysis which operates with the concepts of economics and system analysis is being implied in this economic study.
Keyword: Consumer basket, indicator, optimization, poverty, welfare

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Aida Guliyeva, Ulviyye Rzayeva "Method Data Envelopment Analysis for Estimating of Efficiency in Indication of Poverty" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Addition of Aluminum Nanoparticles to Polypropylene Increases Its Thermal Stability
  Javier Arranz-Andrés, Félix A. López, Rosario Benavente
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-07020105012      

Abstract:

This work reports the thermal degradation kinetics of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and iPP with incorporated Al nanoparticles. The Friedman, Flynn-Wall–Ozawa (FWO), ASTM E698 and Coats-Redfern methods were used to calculate the activation energy of the samples from thermogravimetric data. The thermal stability of the iPP was improved by the introduction of the nanoparticles: the maximum decomposition temperature of the nanocomposite increased from 453 ºC to 457 ºC and the activation energy from 226 kJ/mol to 244 kJ/mol. The thermal degradation models of iPP can be described by "Contracting Sphere" model, whereas that to nanocomposite by Rn (n= 4.8) model (phase boundary reaction).
Key words: Polypropylene-Aluminum nanocomposites; Thermal degradation; Kinetics; Reaction model

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Javier Arranz-Andrés, Félix A. López, Rosario Benavente "The Addition of Aluminum Nanoparticles to Polypropylene Increases Its Thermal Stability"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Experimental Investigations to Study the Air Flow Patterns on the Headlight Domes of Different Two Wheelers
  Samadhanam Raju K, Subhakanth P, Mr. P.V.S. Murali Krishna
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702011317      

Abstract:

This paper presents some experimental investigations to study the air flow patterns on the headlight domes of different two wheelers (HERO HONDA PASSION PLUS and BAJAJ PULSAR) which influence the stability of the vehicle. The pressure distribution over the surface of the profile and the drag force are to be determined for various headlight dome orientations. This study helps in suggesting the suitable headlight dome profile that may reduce the drag force and effect of turbulence which in turn leads to the increase of vehicle stability. The results obtained during the simulation are to be validated by conducting the experiments on the scale down model of the headlight dome of HERO HONDA PASSION PLUS using Wind Tunnel test rig..........
Keywords: Drag force, Pressure distribution, Wind tunnel, Simulation, Velocity, Adverse pressure gradient, Boundary layer separation.

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Samadhanam Raju K, Subhakanth P, Mr. P.V.S. Murali Krishna "Experimental Investigations to Study the Air Flow Patterns on the Headlight Domes of Different Two Wheelers"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fixed Point Theorems for Weak K-Quasi Contractions on a Generalized Metric Space with Partial Order
  K.P.R. Sastry, G. Appala Naidu, Ch. Srinivasa Rao, B. Ramu Naidu
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0702011825      

Abstract:

In this paper we obtain conditions for a k- quasi contraction on a generalized metric space with a partial order to have a fixed point. Using this, we derive certain known results as corollaries.
Keywords: Generalized metric space, weak k-quasi contraction, fixed point, part ial order.

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K.P.R. Sastry, G. Appala Naidu, Ch. Srinivasa Rao, B. Ramu Naidu "Fixed Point Theorems for Weak K-Quasi Contractions on a Generalized Metric Space with Partial Order"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Hysteresis Current Control Based Shunt Active Power Filter for Six Pulse Ac/Dc Converter
  Rakesh Kumar Pandey, Vaibhav Purwar, Nikhlesh Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702012630      

Abstract:

In this paper the simulation of Shunt Active power Filter using P-Q theory and PI controller has been presented. This SAPF compensates the harmonic currents drawn by three phase six pulse AC/DC converter. The process of compensation is done by calculating the instantaneous reactive power losses using p-q theory and the PI controller to reduce the ripple voltage of the dc capacitor of the PWM-VSI. This approach is different from conventional approach and provides very effective solution. In this simulation we use hysteresis band current controller (HCC) for switching the VSI inverter. The simulation has been done for both steady state and transient conditions.
Keywords: Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF), proportional integral (PI), Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC), Pulse width modulator-voltage source inverter (PWM-VSI)

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Rakesh Kumar Pandey, Vaibhav Purwar, Nikhlesh Sharma "Hysteresis Current Control Based Shunt Active Power Filter for Six Pulse Ac/Dc Converter"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Finite Element Analysis of Wheel Rim Using Abaqus Software
  Bimal Bastin, Adars S, Akshay Madhu, Arun Krishnan, Betson Jose, Praveen Raj
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622 -0702013134      

Abstract:

The rim is the "outer edge of a wheel, holding the tire". It makes up the outer circular design of the wheel on which the inside edge of the tire is mounted on vehicles such as automobiles. A standard automotive steel wheel rim is made from a rectangular sheet metal. Design is an important industrial activity which influences the quality of the product being produced. The wheel rim is modeled by using modeling software SOLIDWORKS . Later this modal is imported to ABAQUS for analysis. Static load analysis has been done by applying a pressure of 5N/mm2. The materials taken for analysis are steel alloy, Aluminium, Magnesium, and Forged Steel. The displacement occurred to the rim is noted after applying the static load to different materials and maximum principal stresses were also noted
Keywords: Design, modeling software, ABAQUS, analysis, SOLIDWORKS, static load, principal stresses.

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Bimal Bastin, Adars S, Akshay Madhu, Arun Krishnan, Betson Jose, Praveen Raj "Finite Element Analysis of Wheel Rim Using Abaqus Software"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Engineered Cementitious Composites Using High Volume Fly Ash and PVA Fibers for the Sustainable Development in Construction Industry
  Srinivasa C. H, Venkatesh
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622 - 0702013539      

Abstract:

For each ton of Cement produced, one ton of CO2, a greenhouse gas, is released into the atmosphere. Worldwide, the Cement industry produced about 1.4 billion tons in 1995, which caused the emission of as much CO2 gas as 300 million automobiles. Our industry has a responsibility and societal duty to make a contribution towards taking the steps necessary to achieve sustainable development. A scientific approach towards conserving natural resources involves increasing durability of structures, because more durable structures need to be replaced less frequently. Such increased durability can be achieved by choosing appropriate mix designs and selecting suitable Aggregates and admixtures..........
Keywords: Engineered Cementitious Composites Fly Ash, Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber Superplasticizer. Sustainable Development.

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Srinivasa C. H, Venkatesh "Engineered Cementitious Composites Using High Volume Fly Ash and PVA Fibers for the Sustainable Development in Construction Industry"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Analysis and Design of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System – Lebanon Case
  Marc Anthony Mannah, Ali Koubayssi, Ahmad Haddad, Baraa Salami
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622 -0702014046      

Abstract:

The depletion of fossil fuels and their environmental consequences have prompted searching for other sources of energy aiming to global status amelioration. In the recent past, renewable energy sources have been considered as alternatives for the fossil fuel energy sources. The unexpected pattern of natural resources assesses integrated utilization of these sources to provide persistent and reliable power supply to the consumers. The technology's advantages, requirements and related improvements are underlined and results are generalized. This paper covers the design of a solar and wind based hybrid renewable system presenting calculations and considerations in order to achieve an optimized design. Since hybrid systems performance relies mainly on geographical and meteorological aspects, the study will consider the case of the Mediterranean area and in particular Lebanon.
Keywords: Wind energy, Solar energy, Hybridization, Optimum Design Requirement, Return on Investment

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Marc Anthony Mannah, Ali Koubayssi, Ahmad Haddad, Baraa Salami "Analysis and Design of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System – Lebanon Case"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Measuring the Thermal Conductivities of Low Heat Conducting Disk Samples by Monitoring the Heat Flow
  José A. Ibáñez-Mengua, 1Ramón Valerdi-Pérez y, José A. García-Gamuz
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622 -0702014753      

Abstract:

This article aims to establish an experimental procedure to measure heat transmission coefficients in low heat conductive materials. The newly developed model takes as starting point the application of Fourier's law to a disk sample when a temperature gradient is established between its faces. The power of a heating element is determined as the heat transfer coefficient of the problem disk. Init ially, a glass vessel containing water is placed in direct contact with the heating element ; then, a problem plastic disk is placed between this element and the glass vessel, treating the set as a composite wall. Prior to the above the water equivalent of a calorimetric set (vessel + water + accessories) and the thermal conductivity of the vessel must be determined. The thermal conductivity of the problem plastic disk sample is obtained for temperatures ranging from 30 to 70° C. The results reveal the existence of some type of structural transition for the problem material.
Keywords: Thermal conductivity; heat flow; plastic material.

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José A. Ibáñez-Mengua, 1Ramón Valerdi-Pérez y, José A. García-Gamuz "Measuring the Thermal Conductivities of Low Heat Conducting Disk Samples by Monitoring the Heat Flow"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Performance Study of Square Footing Resting Over Geo-Grid Reinforced Sand
  Ravindra Budania, Dr. R. P. Arora, Dr. B. S. Singhvi, Hitesh Kumar Veerwal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622 -0702015459      

Abstract:

Decreasing availability of good construction sites and increasing construction activities for infrastructural developments throughout the world has forced the civil engineers to utilize unsuitable sites or weak soil. So for sustainable infrastructural development, there is a need to utilize these type of unsuitable land by the use of ground improvement techniques. There are different ground improvement techniques to stabilize the poor ground in which soil reinforcement is an effective and reliable technique. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of the geo-grid reinforcement on the bearing capacity of sand. The model tests have been conducted using square footing at u/B=0.25 & 0.55...........
Keywords: Bearing capacity, geo-grid, and Load-settlement curve.

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Ravindra Budania, Dr. R. P. Arora, Dr. B. S. Singhvi, Hitesh Kumar Veerwal "Performance Study of Square Footing Resting Over Geo-Grid Reinforced Sand"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Counterfeit Resistant Framework for Single Machine Booking and Grouping in a Production Network Planning Issue
  Manikandan Abiraman
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622 -0702016066      

Abstract:

This paper addresses a generation and outbound dissemination planning issue in which a few occupations must be prepared on a solitary machine for conveyance to clients or to different machines for further handling. We accept that there is an adequate number of vehicles. Likewise, it is expected that the conveyance cost is free of bunch size, yet it is reliant on every excursion. In this paper, we introduce an Artificial Immune System (AIS) for this issue. The goal is to limit the total of the aggregate weighted number of late employments and the cluster conveyance costs. A cluster setup time must be included before preparing the principal work in every group. Utilizing computational test, we contrast our technique and a current strategy for the specified issue in writing, specifically Simulated Annealing (SA). Computational tests demonstrate the huge change of the AIS over the SA.
Keywords: ............

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Manikandan Abiraman "Counterfeit Resistant Framework for Single Machine Booking and Grouping in a Production Network Planning Issue"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-2

• Experimental Study of CO2 Gasification of Biomethanation Waste
  Nikhil B. Pund, Dr. Ganesh R. Kale, Dr. Vinod N. Ganvir, Suhas D. Doke
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702020105      

Abstract:

Gasification is one of prominent thermochemical processes generally used to convert organic feedstock to combustible syngas (CO and H2). An experimental study of biomass gasification using carbon dioxide as an gasifying medium was carried out in a fixed bed gasifier. The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of temperature on the output syngas. The present study reported the results for producing syngas with CO2 as gasification agent and biomass (rice husk and bio-methanation waste) as raw material. The gasification was performed at 700-900°C respectively and CO2 flow rate was maintained at 0.5 lpm. Maximum syngas production found at high temperature (900°C). The syngas analysis showed higher hydrogen yield at higher temperatures.
Keyword: Rice husk, Bio-methanation waste, Gasification, Hydrogen.

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Nikhil B. Pund, Dr. Ganesh R. Kale, Dr. Vinod N. Ganvir, Suhas D. Doke "Experimental Study of CO2 Gasification of Biomethanation Waste" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Adaptive Clipping for PAPR Reduction in OFDM
  Vinaykumar S.Nagalikar, Uday Pandit Khot
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702020609      

Abstract:

A new Technique "Adaptive Clipping" is introduced to reduce the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of OFDM system efficiently for wireless applications. In this technique, the threshold for clipping the signal is decided according to the peak size and number of peaks in the OFDM burst signal. A comparison is done between selective clipping and adaptive clipping and the results are shown in terms of Bit error rate (BER) and PAPR. Adaptive clipping offers nearly half a dB reduction in PAPR compared to selective clipping........
Key words: BER ,OFDM, PAPR.

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Vinaykumar S.Nagalikar, Uday Pandit Khot "Adaptive Clipping for PAPR Reduction in OFDM"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Finite Element Analysis of the Composite Patch Repairs of the Plates
  Ch. Ramakrishna, J. Krishna Balu, S. Rajashekar, N. Sivateja
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702021018      

Abstract:

Adhesively-bonded patches are used for repair of different types of damages such as holes, notches, scratches, cracks etc. occurring in metallic as well as composite structures. The composite patching is the most widely used method of restoring the load-carrying capacity of the weakened structure. Due to the rapid growth of aerospace industry, analysis of adhesively-bonded patches to repair cracked structures have been the focus for many years. Most of these studies investigated repaired structures using linear analysis and demonstrated the viability of adhesively-bonded patch-repairs as a means to improve the durability and damage tolerance of cracked metallic structures efficiently and economically...........
Keywords: Adhesively-bonded patches, Finite Element Analysis (FEA), Crackpropagation, Stress intensity factor (SIF).

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Ch. Ramakrishna, J. Krishna Balu, S. Rajashekar, N. Sivateja "Finite Element Analysis of the Composite Patch Repairs of the Plates"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Autonomous Domicile
  Dharmani Akshay Kishorkumar, Bhavsar Shivam Premalbhai, Kuruvath Aakash Manilal, Gandhi Parthkumar Anilkumar, Chauhan Parth Maheshbhai
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702021922      

Abstract:

"AUTONOMOUS DOMICILE" stands for self-reliant structure or net zero energy building. An autonomous domicile can be defined as a building in which renewable energy is created on the structure itself and same is used for the meeting energy requirements of the structure. This project is mainly constant rated on promotion and optimum use of five components such as Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Rainwater Harvesting, Biogas and Green Building on the structures or buildings to meet their energy requirements and at the same time to reduce the use of non-renewable energy. The installation and orientation of these five components in the structure in such an integrated way so that maximum output can be obtained from the each component have been studied in this project............
Keywords: Cost Effective, Easy to Use, Eco-Friendly, Low Carbon Emission, Low Maintenance, Renewable Energy Resources, Self Reliable.

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Dharmani Akshay Kishorkumar, Bhavsar Shivam Premalbhai, Kuruvath Aakash Manilal, Gandhi Parthkumar Anilkumar, Chauhan Parth Maheshbhai "Autonomous Domicile"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design of High Compressive Strength Concrete Mix without Additives
  Akasha, N, M, Mansour Ahmed Mohamed, Nasreen Maruiod Abdelrazig
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702022328      

Abstract:

In this paper, the crashed Basalt and uncrushed granite is used in concrete mixes as coarse aggregate. The selected materials, with high specification using special production techniques, the properties ,the mix design procedure and mix proportion of the high strength concrete (HSC) were discussed. Different proportions of Ordinary Portland cement (410,430 and 450) kg/m3 with different crashed Basalt and uncrushed Granite coarse aggregate amount (1120 and 1050) kg/m3and fine aggregate with fine modulus of 3.65 were used. Eight concrete mixes were prepared: two as control mix for crashed Basalt and uncrushed Granite.........
Keywords: Concrete, Basalt coarse aggregate, uncrushed Granite coarse aggregate, Compressive strength.

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Akasha, N, M, Mansour Ahmed Mohamed, Nasreen Maruiod Abdelrazig "Design of High Compressive Strength Concrete Mix without Additives"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Digital Image Processing Assessment in Multi Slice CT Angiogram using Liner, Non-Liner and Both Classifiers
  Sarvadeva BhatlaMurali Krishna, Dr. M Chandra Shekar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702022935     

Abstract:

Nowadays with heart diseases most of peoples are dying lock process to find problem agile fashion in remote areas. In this research help to peoples who are staying remote also to find problem in heart on which location and how much problem to near and finally gives best analysis methodology for automated analysis for Multi-Slice CT Angiogram images. Multi slice CT scanner is used to identify heart disease. Multi-detector CT is considered convenient and reliable non-invasive imaging modality for assessment of human angiogram 3D images. Automatic hart segmentation from Computed Tomography (CT) is highly demanded. Accurate hart segmentation is a crucial for computer-aided heart disease diagnosis and treatment planning........
Keywords: .........

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Sarvadeva BhatlaMurali Krishna, Dr. M Chandra Shekar "Digital Image Processing Assessment in Multi Slice CT Angiogram using Liner, Non-Liner and Both Classifiers"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction of Coherently Synchronized Oxidation and Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexane by Hydrogen Peroxide
  S. Aghamammadova, I. Nagieva, L. Gasanova, T. Nagiev
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702023640      

Abstract:

Inducing effect of hydrogen peroxide on synchronous oxidation reaction is accompanied by the occurrence of two interconnected and interacting reactions. The reaction of Н2О2 decomposition (primary) generates the leading active OH  and  2 HO free radicals in a system. During the interaction of active and free radicals with the substrate, the conversion of the substrate occurs in the secondary reaction, coherently-synchronized with the primary one. The mechanism of such coherently synchronized reactions is being examined in the process of cyclohexane oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. The process of coupling dehydrogenation of cyclohexane to cyclohexene and cyclohexadiene with hydrogen peroxide was carried out without catalyst. This process was also carried out at a fairly low temperature in a heterogeneous catalytic system..........
Keywords: ...........

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S. Aghamammadova, I. Nagieva, L. Gasanova, T. Nagiev "Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction of Coherently Synchronized Oxidation and Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexane by Hydrogen Peroxide"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Efficient production of negative hydrogen ions in RF plasma by using a self-biased grid electrode
  Kohgi Kato, Satoru Iizuka
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702024147      

Abstract:

Volume production of negative hydrogen ions is established efficiently in a pure hydrogen RF discharge plasma by using a self-biased grid electrode for production of low electron-temperature and high density plasma. Using this electrode both high and low electron temperature plasmas are produced in the regions separated by the grid electrode in the chamber, in which the electron temperature in the downstream region is controlled by the mesh size and plasma production parameters. The production rate of negative ions depends strongly on the electron temperature varied by the RF input power and hydrogen pressure.........
Keywords: Negative hydrogen ion, self-biased grid electrode, capacitively-coupled RF discharge, low electron temperature.

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Kohgi Kato, Satoru Iizuka "Efficient production of negative hydrogen ions in RF plasma by using a self-biased grid electrode"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Best Position of R.C. Shear Wall due to seismic loads
  Amita Baghel, Urvashi Kesharwani, Gourav Sachdeva
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702024851      

Abstract:

A shear wall is a wall that is designed to resist shear, the lateral force that causes the bulk of damage in earthquakes. Many building codes mandate the use of such walls to make homes safer and more stable. In this work, a G+2 storey R.C. building frame has been considered and analyzed for seismic zone-lll(Jabalpur) using staad.prov8i (series4) package, special moment resisting frame (SMRF) and hard rock types used in work. Parameters are taken to compare and analyze for the results are Node displacement and Reactions for different arrangements
Keywords: Shear Wall, Staad Pro. V8i (Series 4), SMRF, Maximum node displacement & Maximum reactions.

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Amita Baghel, Urvashi Kesharwani, Gourav Sachdeva "Best Position of R.C. Shear Wall due to seismic loads"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Performance Study of BCH Error Correcting Codes Using the Bit Error Rate Term BER
  Elghayyaty Mohamed, Hadjoudja Abdelkader, Omar Mouhib, El Habti El IdrissiAnas, mahjoub chakir
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702025254      

Abstract:

The quality of a digital transmission is mainly dependent on the amount of errors introduced into the transmission channel. The codes BCH (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem) are widely used in communication systems and storage systems. In this paper a Performance study of BCH error correcting codes is proposed. This paper presents a comparative study of performance between the Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem codes BCH (15, 7, 2) and BCH (255, 231, 3) using the bit error rate term (BER). The channel and the modulation type are respectively AWGN and PSK where the order of modulation is equal to 2. First.........
Keywords: Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem codes, Math lab simulator, bit error rate, AWGN channel, Performance

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Elghayyaty Mohamed, Hadjoudja Abdelkader, Omar Mouhib, El Habti El IdrissiAnas, mahjoub chakir "Performance Study of BCH Error Correcting Codes Using the Bit Error Rate Term BER"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Logo Matching for Document Image Retrieval Using SIFT Descriptors
  Boyapati Bharathidevi, Lakshmi Prasad Chennamsetty, Ammeti Raghava Prasad, Ashok Kumar Balijepalli
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702025560      

Abstract:

In current trends the logos are playing a vital role in industrial and all commercial applications. Fundamentally the logo is defined as it's a graphic entity which contains colors textures, shapes and text etc., which is organized in some special visible format. But unfortunately it is very difficult thing to save their brand logos from duplicates. In practical world there are several systems available for logo reorganization and detection with different kinds of requirements. Two dimensional global descriptors are used for logo matching and reorganization. The concept of Shape descriptors based on Shape context and the global descriptors are based on the logo contours..........
Keywords: Context-dependent kernel, logo detection, logo recognition.

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Boyapati Bharathidevi, Lakshmi Prasad Chennamsetty, Ammeti Raghava Prasad, Ashok Kumar Balijepalli "Logo Matching for Document Image Retrieval Using SIFT Descriptors"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Study of Microbial Pollution in River Beehar Water District Rewa Madhya Pradesh, India
  Kiran Singh, Skand Mishra, Sangam Lal Dwivedi, Ravi Kumar Mishra
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702026165      

Abstract:

Water is one of the best gifts to all living creature, given by nature. It is compulsory for the growth and maintenance of human body and also for many biological activities. It plays a vital role for the survival of all forms of life of earth and works as a universal solvent. Pollution is caused when a change in the physical, chemical or biological condition in the environment harmfully affect quality of human life including other animal's life and plant The quality of water is typically determined by monitoring microbial presence, especially total coliforms, fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci.........
Keywords: Microbial, pollution, coliforms, environment, water quality.

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Kiran Singh, Skand Mishra, Sangam Lal Dwivedi, Ravi Kumar Mishra "Study of Microbial Pollution in River Beehar Water District Rewa Madhya Pradesh, India"Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-3

• Displaying of Digital Clock through digital circuits and through Assembly Language Programs of 8051 microcontroller
  Dr. D. Chinni Krishna, U. Sridevi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702030106      

Abstract:

With a view to display a Digital Clock through digital circuits using modulo-n (mod-n) counters, a circuit diagram was designed and implemented it through multi simulation software. In the similar manner the time digits were displayed on seven segment displays at 8255 programmable peripheral interface (PPI) ports through 8051 microcontroller, the time digits (hours, minutes and seconds) were connected to the first 8255 PPI and the date digits (Years, months and days) were connected to second 8255 PPI. The detailed circuit diagram was given to understand the construction details of the circuit. The loop in a loop technique of assembly language program was used to display date and time. After displaying a year, month and day on the date displays through main program, it calls 1day subroutine to display time in 24 hours clock..........
Keyword: Digital Clock, Modulo-n Counters, Interfacing, Assembly Language program, Loop in Loop technique, Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) number

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Dr. D. Chinni Krishna, U. Sridevi "Displaying of Digital Clock through digital circuits and through Assembly Language Programs of 8051 microcontroller" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Cost Aware Expansion Planning with Renewable DGs using Particle Swarm Optimization and Cuckoo Search Algorithm
  Hanumesh, Dr.Sudarshana Reddy H.R
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702030713      

Abstract:

This Paper is an attempt to develop the expansion-planning algorithm using meta heuristics algorithms. Expansion Planning is always needed as the power demand is increasing every now and then. Thus for a better expansion planning the meta heuristic methods are needed. The cost efficient Expansion planning is desired in the proposed work. Recently distributed generation is widely researched to implement in future energy needs as it is pollution free and capability of installing it in rural places. In this paper, optimal distributed generation expansion planning with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) for identifying the location........
Key words: PSO, CSA Expansion Planning Renewable DGs Indian distribution system

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Hanumesh, Dr.Sudarshana Reddy H.R "Cost Aware Expansion Planning with Renewable DGs using Particle Swarm Optimization and Cuckoo Search Algorithm" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Underwater Welding Techniques
  Esam F. Alajmi, Ahmad A. Alqenaei
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702031417      

Abstract:

Welding demand in offshore and marine applications is increased with the increasing in oil and gas activities as well as increasing in the marine transportation and industrial applications. Applications of underwater welding well be increased in Kuwait in the coming years due to the strategic directive of the country toward starting the offshore oil and gas exploration and production, and the increase in marine transportation projects. Therefore, there is a need to understand the concept of underwater welding and different techniques used in the market. In this paper, a brief description of the different commercial underwater techniques will be presented taking into account showing detailed description of a few advanced welding techniques.
Keywords: ..........

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Esam F. Alajmi, Ahmad A. Alqenaei "Underwater Welding Techniques" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparative Analysis of Pso-Pid and Hu-Pid
  Chanda Thakur, Navdeep Batish
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702031823      

Abstract:

PID control is an important ingredient of a distributed control system. The controllers are also embedded in many special purpose control systems. PID control is often combined with logic, sequential functions, selectors, and simple function blocks to build the complicated automation systems used for energy production, transportation, and manufacturing. Many sophisticated control strategies, such as model predictive control, are also organized hierarchically. PID control is used at the lowest level; the multivariable controller gives the set points to the controllers at the lower level............
Keywords: Include at least 5 keywords or phrases

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Chanda Thakur, Navdeep Batish "Comparative Analysis of Pso-Pid and Hu-Pid" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• EMW Distribution for Human Hormone
  Geetha. T, Poongothai. T
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702032426      

Abstract:

A stochastic modeling of biological systems is crucial to effectively and efficiently developing treatments for medical conditions that plague humanity. The study of challenge tests designed to evaluate serotoninergic pathways have widely used intravenous citalopram. Oral citalopram has also been used, but unsatisfactory results were obtained with a dose of 20 mg. We evaluated cortisol, growth hormone and prolactin levels and determine whether a higher oral dose would reproduce similar to those described for intravenous administration. Under the assumption that the threshold level of cortisol is a random variable follows exponentiated modified weibull distribution. The survival function of cortisol and its p.d.f are derived.
Keywords: Cortisol, threshold, EMWD, cumulative Damage process.

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Geetha. T, Poongothai. T "EMW Distribution for Human Hormone" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Modeling and Analysis of Progressive Tool with Pilot Location
  Sarvadeva BhatlaMurali Krishna, S.Chandra Sekhar, Sk.Surjan, T.D.Rama Krishna
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
     10.9790/9622- 0702032734      

Abstract:

Press tool components play an important role in every aspects of modern word. There are different types of press tools are available, in this progressive tools are more influence the automobile industry for mass production. The operation of a progressive die involves the series of sheet metal operations at two or more stations during each press stroke for developing the complete work piece. The strip must move from the first station through each succeeding station and perform one or more distinct die operations at each working station. One or more idle stations may be incorporated in the die. In this paper we use software CATIA V5 for modeling a progressive tool to manufacture a washer for M12 bolt.........
Keywords: .........

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S.Chandra Sekhar, Sk.Surjan, T.D.Rama Krishna "Modeling and Analysis of Progressive Tool with Pilot Location" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Electrochemical Supercapacitive Performance of Sprayed Co3O4 Electrodes
  S. G. Kandalkar, A. S. Devasthali, C. D. Lokhande
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702033540      

Abstract:

Nanocrystalline cobalt oxide (Co3O4) thin film electrodes were fabricated by spray pyrolysis methodon conducting fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates using ammonia complexedwith cobalt chloride (CoCl2. 6H2O) solution. The structural and morphological properties of Co3O4electrodes were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The surface morphology study showed the film formation of porous surface with clusters.The electrochemical supercapacitive properties ofCo3O4electrodes were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge method. The Co3O4electrodes showed maximum specific capacitance of 168 F.g-1 in 1 M aqueous KOH electrolyte at the scan rate of 20 mV.s-1. The maximum specific energy and specific power of the cell are 2.2Wh.kg-1 and 0.23 kW.kg-1, respectively
Keywords: Co3O4; thin films; spray pyrolysis; supercapacitor.

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S. G. Kandalkar, A. S. Devasthali, C. D. Lokhande "Electrochemical Supercapacitive Performance of Sprayed Co3O4 Electrodes" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A New Method of Reference Signal Generation Applied To UPQC-PHEV For Grid Integration of WECS-SCIG
  Girish B M, Prof. Anguraja R
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702034148      

Abstract:

In this paper a new reference signal generation control technique is proposed for integration of Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) with Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) for overcoming voltage sag and other voltage fault conditions on wind farms which is connected to grid. The interaction of wind generators and grid causes increased short circuit current which leads to instability during fault conditions. The new control technique which generate reference signals for series active power filter (Series APF) and shunt active power filter (Shunt APF) of UPQC by using PHEV as an Energy Storage System (ESS) which will take care of all types of voltage faults occurred in the system and provide energy storage to DC link between Series APF and Shunt APF parts of UPQC..........
Keywords: UPQC; Reference signals generation; PHEV; Voltage Sag; Fuzzy Logic Controller; Grid Integration.

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Girish B M, Prof. Anguraja R "A New Method of Reference Signal Generation Applied To UPQC-PHEV For Grid Integration of WECS-SCIG" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Modeling and Analysis of a Manufacturing Plant Using Discrete Event Simulation
  Radha Krishna R, Siva Krishna S, Vijay Bhaskar A, Sriram G, Vamsi P, TVSRK Prasad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702034954      

Abstract:

Today‟s manufacturing systems are characterized by large number of complexities such as random arrival patterns of jobs, random processing times, random failure rates, random repair times, random rejection of parts, etc. The analytical models cannot capture all the randomness mentioned above into the models. There is a need to incorporate them into models to have a practical and real life model. Simulation comes handy in this aspect. Discrete Event Simulation (DES) is used to model a manufacturing system to predict its performance. The inputs to this model include arrival rate, batch size, setup time, processing time, machine breakdown rate, machine breakdown frequency, machines and their capacities, buffers, rejection percentage and inspection time. The outputs that are estimated are work in process, flow time, utilization and throughput.
Keywords: Analytical Simulation, Discrete Event Simulation, Random numbers, Optimum process.

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Radha Krishna R, Siva Krishna S, Vijay Bhaskar A, Sriram G, Vamsi P, TVSRK Prasad "Modeling and Analysis of a Manufacturing Plant Using Discrete Event Simulation" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fuzzy Logic Based Decision System For PCB Defects Correction
  Yogesh Kumar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702035560      

Abstract:

Printed circuit boards (PCB) are vital and essential part for all of the electronics industries. It helps to minimize the size, ease of automation, increasing durability and reliability of any circuit being developed. Defect & errors while developments are much obvious. Detecting them is primary part but taking decision for correction of same in testing specimen will be effective or not is much more crucial. Sometimes defect correction in the PCB is much more efficient then reprinting, in terms of time, resource and cost with respect to production. Making decision manually is tiresome & less efficient.........
Keywords: Defect correction, fatal errors, mamdani fuzzy, misalignment & potential errors.

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Yogesh Kumar "Fuzzy Logic Based Decision System For PCB Defects Correction" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Self-Controlling Rig for Jaw Crusher Assembly
  Saurabh Jadhav, Anup Pawar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702036166      

Abstract:

The aim of the work is to develop a method for easy assembly of the bearing in the housing by standardized way. The assembly of bearing should take place on the atomized set up. Based on this method a assembly setup was constructed which enables to assembly of the shaft with bearing of different models of jaw crusher. First tests were done with manual alignment and it shows that with proper alignment shaft assembly is very easy operation and also safe. Results of those tests show that the developed system provides as good or better results than the manual assembly method by placing on wooden block and aligns by using jacking. The alignment process itself runs automatically........
Keywords: Jaw crusher, Bearing assembly, Automation, Safety.

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Saurabh Jadhav, Anup Pawar "Self-Controlling Rig for Jaw Crusher Assembly" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparison of Max100, SWARA and Pairwise Weight Elicitation Methods
  NezihTayyar, Mert Durmuş
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622-0702036778      

Abstract:

Decision making is used in every part of life and realised by each action taken. The presence of correct and satisfactory solution to problems is very important for person, institution and organizations. Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques are developed for this purpose. Based upon the former studies, it is seen that weight elicitation methods used in solving MCDM problems, have an important role at defining the importance of criteria and obtaining the best and satisfying results for decision makers. Theaim of the paperis to compare the results of range variability between the criteria for Max100, Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) and Pairwise Comparison weight elicitation methods and to give suggestion about conditions of using of the methods............
Keywords: Max100; SWARA; Pairwise Comparison;MCDM; Weight Elicitation Methods; Criteria Weighting

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NezihTayyar, Mert Durmuş "Comparison of Max100, SWARA and Pairwise Weight Elicitation Methods" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Cloud Forensics: Drawbacks in Current Methodologies and Proposed Solution
  Devashree Shirude, Shivani Soman, Ved Paranjape, Geet Pradhan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702037981      

Abstract:

Cloud Computing is a heavily evolving domain in technology. Many public and private entities are shifting their workstations on the cloud due to its robust, remote, virtual environment. Due to the enormity of this domain, it has become increasingly easier to carry out any sort of malicious attacks on such cloud platforms. There is a very low research done to develop the theory and practice of cloud forensics. One of the main challenges includes the inability to collect enough evidence from each and every subscriber of a Cloud Service Provider(CSP) and thus not being able to trace out the roots of the malicious activity committed............
Keywords: Cloud computing, cloud forensics, digital forensics, Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), virtual environment

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Devashree Shirude, Shivani Soman, Ved Paranjape, Geet Pradhan "Cloud Forensics: Drawbacks in Current Methodologies and Proposed Solution" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Use of Bitumen Emulsion for Flexible Road Construction
  Shivani Singh Dhriyan, Yogesh Garg
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702038285      

Abstract:

In the present study bitumen is replaced by bitumen emulsion for the construction of flexible pavement. The conventional method of road construction involves the burning of bitumen which produces toxic gases which degrades the environment. In colder region it is difficult to maintain the paving temperature of hot mix. To overcome these problems and conserve the energy bitumen emulsion is considered as good option. Likewise emulsion can be used in the areas having higher rate of rainfall where the hot mix plant is closed most of the time because of rain. Emulsified bitumen can be used during rainy season and colder regions...........
Keywords: Bitumen emulsion, Cold Mix, Flow Value, Marshall Test, Stability value.

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Shivani Singh Dhriyan, Yogesh Garg "Use of Bitumen Emulsion for Flexible Road Construction" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Sustainability of Solid Waste Management System in Urban Areas of Pakistan: Stakeholders Perspective
  Shoaib Muhammad, M Sagheer Aslam, Salman Saeed
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702038688      

Abstract:

Sustainability of solid waste management system in Pakistan like other developing countries is a growing challenge. Stakeholders are vital for the successful running of solid waste management system and timely inclusion of stakeholders' perspective can contribute to attain sustainability of solid waste management system. Therefore, stakeholders' subjectivities and perspectives towards the sustainability of solid waste management system were studied in this research program. . Five components of the sustainable solid waste management system, that is, Technical, Environmental, Economic, Social and Institutional, were considered based on literature review............
Keywords: Sustainability, Stakeholders, Stakeholder's perspective, AHP, Multi Criteria Decision Analysis

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Shoaib Muhammad, M Sagheer Aslam, Salman Saeed "Sustainability of Solid Waste Management System in Urban Areas of Pakistan: Stakeholders Perspective" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Verison-4

• Experimental Evaluation of Metal Composite Multi Bolt Radial Joint on Laminate Level, under uni Axial Tensile Loading
  C Sharada Prabhakar, P Rameshbabu
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702040109      

Abstract:

Longitudinal tensile load exerted due to internal hydraulic pressure, on bolted radial joints between large size PAN carbon epoxy filament wound composite cylindrical section and small size 15CDV6 steel cylindrical sections, were simulated and tested on flat laminate level, mainly to check the strength of PAN carbon epoxy helical wound laminate made by wet winding method. Small segmental portion of circumference of cylindrical sections was considered as width of composite laminate and of metallic plates, necessary to accommodate 5 rows of fasteners in transverse direction with specified pitch distance. Bolted radial joints between carbon epoxy helical wound flat laminate and 15CDV6 steel plates were realized with 8 numbers of steel fasteners distributed in 3 longitudinal and 5 transverse rows at each joint..........
Keyword: 15CDV6 steel flat plates, PAN carbon epoxy helical wound flat laminate, multi bolt radial joint, uni-axial tensile load test and initiation of bearing failure in all 8 holes.

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C Sharada Prabhakar, P Rameshbabu "Experimental Evaluation of Metal Composite Multi Bolt Radial Joint on Laminate Level, under uni Axial Tensile Loading" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Solvability of a Four Point Nonlinear Boundary Value Problem
  Goteti V R L Sarma, Mebrahtom Sebhatu Woldeab , Awet Mebrahtu Solomon
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702041018      

Abstract:

In this article a typical four point boundary value problem associated with a second order differential equation is proposed. Then its solution is developed with the help of the Green's function associated with the homogeneous equation. Using this idea and Iteration method is proposed to solve the corresponding non linear problem.
Key words: Green's function, Schauder fixed point theorem, Vitali's convergence theorem.

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Goteti V R L Sarma, Mebrahtom Sebhatu Woldeab , Awet Mebrahtu Solomon "Solvability of a Four Point Nonlinear Boundary Value Problem" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Multi Response Optimization of Friction Stir Lap Welding Process Parameters Using Deng's Similarity Based Method
  Dr. P Hema, P Yamini priya, M Reddeiah
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702041924      

Abstract:

This study focuses on the effect of process parameters such as Tool rotational speed, Welding speed and Tool tilt angle in Friction stir Lap welding of dissimilar AA 5083 and AA 6082 alloys. Experiments are designed with three different levels of process parameters using Taguchi orthogonal array. As per DOE, experiments are conducted using Taper threaded cylindrical tool which is made up of with H13 tool steel, on Aluminium plates of 3mm thickness. The Tensile shear test specimens are tested at room temperature in order to analyze the mechanical properties.......
Keywords: Lap joint, H13 tool steel, FSLW, Process parameters, Shear tensile test, Hardness test.

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Dr. P Hema, P Yamini priya, M Reddeiah "Multi Response Optimization of Friction Stir Lap Welding Process Parameters Using Deng's Similarity Based Method" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Technology and Key Strategy of IE4 Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor Drive for Electric Vehicle Application
  Nitin Subramonium A K, Prakhyath Shetty, G Saravanan, S Vivekanandan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702042531      

Abstract:

Environmental protection and energy conservations are the main concern of 21st century Asia Pacific developing countries. This concern has compelled to design and develop zero pollution road transportation Electric Vehicles (EVs). The EV system consist of energy storage devices such as battery, fuel cell, ultra-capacitors along with electric propulsion, body of the vehicle and energy management system with the diversified technology of electrical, electronics, mechanical, automotive and chemical engineering. The objective of electric vehicle is to produce commercial viable range, efficient performance, and comfort with safety and reliable operations at cheaper price than its counterpart the Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle (ICEV).............
Keywords: PMBLDC motor drive; Fuel cell; Power Processing Unit, Microelectronics and control.

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Nitin Subramonium A K, Prakhyath Shetty, G Saravanan, S Vivekanandan "Technology and Key Strategy of IE4 Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor Drive for Electric Vehicle Application" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Employee on Boarding Process Automation
  Khushboo Nalband, Priyanka Jadhav, Geetanjali Salunke
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702043236      

Abstract:

On boarding, also known as organizational socialization, plays a vital role in building the initial relationship between an organization and an employee. It also contributes to an employees' satisfaction, better performance and greater organizational commitment thus increasing an employees' effectiveness and productivity in his/her role. Therefore, it is essential that on boarding process of an organization is efficient and effective to improve new employees' retention. Generally this on boarding process is done manually which is time consuming and monotonous. To enhance this process, the proposed solution automates the on boarding or joining process...........
Keywords: Efficiency, on boarding, productivity, retention, timeframe

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Khushboo Nalband, Priyanka Jadhav, Geetanjali Salunke "Employee on Boarding Process Automation" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Improvement of the Recognition Rate by Random Forest
  Youssef Rachidi, Zouhir Mahani
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702043743      

Abstract:

In this paper; we introduce a system of automatic recognition of characters based on the Random Forest Method in non-constrictive pictures that are stemmed from the terminals Mobile phone. After doing some pretreatments on the picture, the text is segmented into lines and then into characters. In the stage of characteristics extraction, we are representing the input data into the vector of primitives of the zoning types, of diagonal, horizontal and of the Zernike moment. These characteristics are linked to pixels' densities and they are extracted on binary pictures..........
Keywords: Handwritten Character Recognition, Mobile phone, Random Forest, Zoning, Zernike Moments.

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Youssef Rachidi, Zouhir Mahani "Improvement of the Recognition Rate by Random Forest" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Gravity Sand Casting of Metallurgical Bonded Bimetallic Grinding Roll Made of White Cast Iron-Nodular Cast Iron
  Wiwik Purwadi, Kus Hanaldi, Galuh Bahari, Dewi Idamayanti
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702044451      

Abstract:

Bimetallic castings are widely used in the mining industries as construction material for crushers which have to perform high abrasive resistance at the outer side and excellent machinability at the inner side. To manufacture bimetallic casting goods cconsecutive centrifugal and gravity casting methods are commonly applied. Centrifugal and consecutive casting come up with geometrical constraints at the parting line of both materials. This research dealed with the manufacturing of tapered grinding roll by applying gravity casting method. The possibilities of casting the white cast iron outer ring in the preheated ductile cast iron of the inner ring were investigated............
Keywords: Bimetallic casting, ductile cast iron, white cast iron, preheating temperature, metallurgical bonding

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Wiwik Purwadi, Kus Hanaldi, Galuh Bahari, Dewi Idamayanti "Gravity Sand Casting of Metallurgical Bonded Bimetallic Grinding Roll Made of White Cast Iron-Nodular Cast Iron" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Haemorrhage Detection and Classification: A Review
  Priyanka Jaware, Mrs. Shubhangi Borkar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702045258      

Abstract:

In Indian population, the count of diabetic peoples gets increasing day by day. Due to improper balance of insulin in the human body causes Diabetic. The most common symptom of the person with diabetes is diabetic retinopathy, which leads to blindness. The effect due to DR can reduce by early detection of Haemorrhages and treated at an early stage. In recent year, there is an increased interest in the field of medical image processing. Many researchers have developed advanced algorithms for Haemorrhage detection using fundus images. In proposed paper, we discuss various methods for Haemorrhage detection and classification.
Keywords: Diabetic Retinopathy, Feature Extraction NonHaemorrhage, KNN, SVM

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Priyanka Jaware, Mrs. Shubhangi Borkar "Haemorrhage Detection and Classification: A Review" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fish Consumption Habits of Teachers
  Şennan YÜCEL, Birol BAKİ
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702045963      

Abstract:

In this study, it was aimed to determine the fish consumption preferences and consumption habits of teachers in the Central Black Sea (Sinop and Samsun) region. The study was conducted in Samsun and Sinop provinces between June-July 2000 and April-May 2016. The data obtained by the survey from 502 teachers in total working in the city centres constituted the primary data of the study. The data obtained from the Ministry of National Education and the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture constituted the secondary data of the study........
Keywords: Fish meat consumption, the Central Black Sea, Consumption Habits, survey

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Şennan YÜCEL, Birol BAKİ "Fish Consumption Habits of Teachers" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Proposition of an Adaptive Retransmission Timeout for TCP in 802.11 Wireless Environments
  Zouhair Bazzal, Abdel Mehsen Ahmad, Ibrahim El Bitar, Mostafa Rizk, Mohamad Raad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702046471      

Abstract:

The Transport Control Protocol (TCP) is used to establish and control a session between two endpoints. The problem is that in 802.11 wireless environments TCP always considers that the packet loss is caused by network congestion. However, in these networks packet loss are usually caused by the high bit error rate, and the wireless link failures. Researchers found out that TCP performance in wireless networks can be highly enhanced as long as it is feasible to identify the packet loss causes; hence appropriate measures can be dynamically applied during an established TCP session in order to adjust the session parameters.........
Keywords: IEEE 802.11, TCP, RTO, Congestion, DCF.

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Zouhair Bazzal, Abdel Mehsen Ahmad, Ibrahim El Bitar, Mostafa Rizk, Mohamad Raad "Proposition of an Adaptive Retransmission Timeout for TCP in 802.11 Wireless Environments" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Heuristic Approach to Innovative Problem Solving
  Bertil Hök
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702047277      

Abstract:

A methodic approach to innovative problem solving is suggested. First, Bayesian techniques are analyzed for quantifying, monitoring and predicting the process. The symmetry of Bayes‟ theorem implicates that the chances of success offrail ideas with small base rates can be boosted by highly accurate tests built on solid scientific ground. Second, a hypothesis is presented in which five methodic elements – connection, selection, transformation, balance and finish - are deemed to be necessary and sufficient to explain innovative solutions to complex problems. The hypothesis is supported by the analysis of disruptive innovations in several fields, and by emulation of a data base including 40,000 inventions.The reported findings may become useful in the further methodic development of innovative problem solving, especially in the risky and lengthy preconceptual phases.
Keywords: Innovative problem solving, heuristic reasoning, Bayes‟ theorem, methodic elements, innovation strategies.

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Bertil Hök "A Heuristic Approach to Innovative Problem Solving" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-5

• On Simple Ternary r-Semiring
  M. Sajani Lavanya, Dr. D. Madhusudhana Rao, Prof. P. Pnduranga Rao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702050106      

Abstract:

In this paper, the terms, simple ternary Γ-semiring, semi-simple, semisimple ternary Γ-semiring are introduced. It is proved that (1) If T is a left simple ternary Γ-semiringor a lateral simple ternary Γ-semiring or a right simple ternary Γ-semiring then T is a simple ternary Γ-semiring. (2) A ternary Γ-semiring T is simple ternary Γ- semiring if and only if TΓTΓaΓTΓT = T for all a T. (3) A ternary Γ-semiring T is regular then every principal ternary Γ-ideal of T is generated by an idempotent. (4) An element a of a ternary Γ-semiring T is said to be semi simple if..........
Keyword: Simple ternary Γ-semiring, Idempotent, regular, principal ternary Γ-ideal, semi simple element.

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M. Sajani Lavanya, Dr. D. Madhusudhana Rao, Prof. P. Pnduranga Rao "On Simple Ternary r-Semiring" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Role of Additives in Mortars: Historic Precedents
  Anjali Acharya, Shubhjeet Archroy, Vasudha A Gokhale
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702050712      

Abstract:

The use of lime in building construction began at least 10,000 years ago, where there are numerous evidence of its earlier uses. This research is an attempt to provide a review of the history of lime as a building material in based on available literature resources. The origin significance and sustainability of lime mortars and their use in architectural conservation is discussed. Large scale use of additives in historic buildings in India and abroad is highlighted in order to put forth their physio-chemical and aesthetical properties. Use of sustainable additives in mortar is stressed. The analysis presented is supposed to help architectural conservation experts in their efforts to safeguard the intrinsic qualities Indian cultural heritage for posterity.
Key words: Pozzolana, volcanic, bael, gypsum, fat.

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Anjali Acharya, Shubhjeet Archroy, Vasudha A Gokhale "Role of Additives in Mortars: Historic Precedents" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Post Earthquack Slope Stability Analysis of Rubble Mound Breakwater
  Amin Moradi, Amir Mahmoudzadeh, Yahya Rahim Safavi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702051318      

Abstract:

Rubble mound breakwaters are structures built mainly of quarried rock. Generally armourstone or artificial concrete armour units are used for the outer armour layer,which should protect the structure againist wave attack. Armour stones and concrete armoure unites in this outer layer are usually placed with care to obtain effective interlocking and consequently better stability.
Keywords: ................

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Amin Moradi, Amir Mahmoudzadeh, Yahya Rahim Safavi "Post Earthquack Slope Stability Analysis of Rubble Mound Breakwater" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A 0.6-V 2-nA CMOS Current Reference Circuit
  Zhigang Qin, Hirokazu Yoshizawa
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702051922      

Abstract:

This paper proposes a 0.6-V current reference circuit for use in ultra-low-power applications. In a conventional resistorlessbeta-multiplier current reference circuit, a MOSFET that operates in the strong inversion and triode regions is used as a resistor. Our proposed circuit provides a forward body-biasing for the MOSFET to lower its threshold voltage and make it operate in its strong inversion region even at a very low supply voltage of 0.6 V.We ran simulations using BSIM3v3 SPICE parameters for a 0.18-m standard CMOS process. At a supply voltage of 0.6V, the reference current was 2nA. The chip area of the proposed current reference circuit was 0.022 mm2.
Keywords: Analog integrated circuits, CMOS current reference circuit, forward body-biasing,low-voltage design, 0.18-m standard CMOS process.

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Zhigang Qin, Hirokazu Yoshizawa "A 0.6-V 2-nA CMOS Current Reference Circuit" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Gravity Lamp
  Abhijeetsinh v Makwana, Dhruv patel, Darshan patel, Henil patel, Akhil patel
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702052325      

Abstract:

In recent times due to effects of pollution and global warming there is a need for generating power from renewable sources. The reason for generating power using gravity is that it is available all over the Earth, abundant and consistent too. In this project we designed a methodology wherein gravitational energy is further amplified in terms of its magnitude by using perpetual motion mechanism and hence can be successfully transformed into usable electrical energy. The basic concept of a gravity power generating mechanism is simple
Keywords: gravity power generating mechanism

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Abhijeetsinh v Makwana, Dhruv patel, Darshan patel,Henil patel, Akhil patel "Gravity Lamp" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Synthesis and Characterization of Cadmium Substituted Copper Nano – Ferrites
  Y.C.Gangadharaiah, D. Ravinder
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702052628      

Abstract:

A series of copper substituted cadmium nano ferrites with the compositional formula Cu 1-x CdxO4(where x=0.1, 0.3. 0.5 and 0.7) were prepared by the Citrate gel auto combustion technique and sintered at 873 K for 4 hr. The X-ray difractrograms (XRD) clearly exhibited the existence of single phase cubic spinel structure. The crystallite size was found in the range of 10-42nm. The values of lattice parameter were calculated by using d spacing. The calculated values of lattice parameter and X-ray density were explained on the basis of composition.
Keywords: Cu-Cd Nano Ferrites; X-Ray Density; lattice parameter

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Y.C.Gangadharaiah, D. Ravinder "Synthesis and Characterization of Cadmium Substituted Copper Nano – Ferrites" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Numerical Investigation of Turbulent Flow over a Rotating Circular Cylinder under Marine Conditions
  Khaled Alawadhi, Abdulwahab A. Alnaqi, Jalal Alsarraf, Hasan A. Mulla ali, Ahmad E. Murad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702052937      

Abstract:

Recent advancements in the field of computational fluid mechanics and the availability of high performance with regard to rotating software computing cylinders (RCs) have drawn attention to the field of flow accelerated corrosion. (FAC). Current studies aim to numerically predict turbulent flow characteristics around the rotating cylinder and the concomitant effects on the wall shear stresses and local mass fraction of inhibitors that are directly related to corrosion rate. This 3-D numerical investigation was carried out using the commercial CFX package from which the where SST turbulence model was selected to compute the unknown Reynolds stresses term in the incompressible and viscid form of the Navier-Stokes equation........
Keywords: Rotating cylinder, numerical model, corrosion, shear stress

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Khaled Alawadhi, Abdulwahab A. Alnaqi, Jalal Alsarraf, Hasan A. Mulla ali, Ahmad E. Murad "Numerical Investigation of Turbulent Flow over a Rotating Circular Cylinder under Marine Conditions" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Modular Instant Messaging System
  Mohamad Raad, Zouhair Bazzal, Majd Ghareeb, Hanan Farhat, Semar Bahmad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702053842      

Abstract:

Instant Messaging (IM) Android applications are a trend nowadays. These applications are categorized according to their features: usability, flexibility, privacy and security. However, IM applications tend to be inflexible in terms of functionality offered. The "Dble-U" system was developed as a solution to this inflexibility, with a focus on privacy as an example use case. "Dble-U" is a configurable modular system consisting of an Android chatting application, a privacy controller application, along with a tracking server application. This modularity allows for groups of individuals to build custom features into their IM application.
Keywords: Instant messaging, modular, configurable.

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Mohamad Raad, Zouhair Bazzal, Majd Ghareeb, Hanan Farhat, Semar Bahmad "A Modular Instant Messaging System" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Electrical properties of Ni0.4Mg0.6Fe2O4 ferrites
  K.T.Veeranjaneaya, D. Ravinder
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702054348      

Abstract:

Ni0.4Mg0.6Fe2O4 Ceramic samples were prepared by conventional double sintering approach and sintered at 1300oC/4 h. These ferrites are further characterized using X-ray diffractometer. The diffraction study reveals that the present compound shows perfect single phase cubic spinel structure. In addition, the behavior of distinct electrical properties such as dielectric constant (ε'), dielectric loss (ε") and ac-conductivity (ζac) as a function frequency as well as temperature is analyzed using the LCR controller.
Keywords: Ferrites; Sintering; X-ray Diffractometer; AC-Electrical Conductivity.

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K.T.Veeranjaneaya1, D. Ravinder "Electrical properties of Ni0.4Mg0.6Fe2O4 ferrites" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• MATLAB Implementation of 128-key length SAFER+ Cipher System
  Musaria K. Mahmood, Lujain S. Abdulla, Ahmed H. Mohsin, Hamza A. Abdullah
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702054955      

Abstract:

Data security is a major challenge today. To protect data in the Internet or in private networks many measures exist. The most important security layer is the use of encryption standard to protect information from eavesdropper. Today many encryption standards exist failing in two categories: symmetric and asymmetric key algorithms. In this work Secure And Fast Encryption Routine (SAFER+) standard is implemented using MATLAB. The development in computer programming techniques and languages offers a good opportunity of the software implementation of encryption standards with moderate cost and good performance. MATLAB can be considered today as the first engineering programming language with powerful mathematical function and reliable programming procedures..
Keywords: MATLAB, SAFER+, Symmetric key, software implementation

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Musaria K. Mahmood, Lujain S. Abdulla, Ahmed H. Mohsin, Hamza A. Abdullah "MATLAB Implementation of 128-key length SAFER+ Cipher System" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Secured Authorized Data Using Hybrid Encryption in Cloud Computing
  Dinesh Shinde, Harsh Mathur
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702055658      

Abstract:

In today's world to provide a security to a public network like a cloud network is become a toughest task however more likely to reduce the cost at the time of providing security using cryptographic technique to delegate the mask of the decryption task to the cloud servers to reduce the computing cost. As a result, attribute-based encryption with delegation emerges. Still, there are caveats and questions remaining in the previous relevant works. For to solution to all problems the cloud servers could tamper or replace the delegated cipher text and respond a forged computing result with malicious intent. They may also cheat the eligible users by responding them that they are ineligible for the purpose of cost saving. Furthermore, during the encryption, the access policies may not be flexible enough as well.
Keywords: Cipher text-policy attribute-based encryption, circuits, verifiable delegation, multilinear map, hybrid encryption

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Dinesh Shinde, Harsh Mathur "Computing" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Numerical Modelling of Waterlogging Problem in New Urbanized Communities in Al-Qairawan area, Kuwait
  Mohamed I. GAD, Ahmed E. Al-Nimr, Hamoud N. Alalati
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702055970      

Abstract:

Expanding the urbanization of new communities within the limited low flat desert surfaces of Al-Qairawan area, Kuwait has started to face the continuous growth of population. The traditional urbanized logged areas affect urbanization of these flat desert surfaces as a result of the difference in the topographic level, inadequate drainage system and the existence of inland Sabkhas beside shallow-depth clay lenses beneath these sites. Moreover, the soil water depths vary from few centimeters below ground surface to 5.5 m and the soil-water moves generally from the southwest to the northeast towards the Arabian Gulf. The present paper threw light on a trial to mitigate the waterlogging problem due to the bad use of water resources.......
Keywords: Hydrogeology, Water logging problem, Visual MODFLOW, Cost benefit ratio, Kuwait

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Mohamed I. GAD, Ahmed E. Al-Nimr, Hamoud N. Alalati "Numerical Modelling of Waterlogging Problem in New Urbanized Communities in Al-Qairawan area, Kuwait" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Study on the Analysis of the Child Personal Information Processing Status in Mobile Apps : Focused on mobile apps served in Korea
  Min-Hyeok Lee, Ji-Yeon Yoo
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702057173      

Abstract:

This study aims to empirically examine the reality that a child's personal information can be easily exposed through an app service. As a result of surveying 100 child-targeted apps in the Apple and Google Play App Stores, we collected on average 12 personal information of individuals that included social security numbers and location information that were not collected and clarified for the purpose of collection.
Keywords: Child Personal Information, Mobile Apps, Korea's Act on Promotion of Information and Communications Network Utilization and Information Protection, etc(APICNUIP)

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Min-Hyeok Lee, Ji-Yeon Yoo "A Study on the Analysis of the Child Personal Information Processing Status in Mobile Apps : Focused on mobile apps served in Korea" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Preparation and characterization of Al doped nano crystalline Ni ferrites
  K.S. Nagaraju, D. Ravinder
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702057476      

Abstract:

The Ni-Al nano ferrites having compositional formula NiAlxFe2-xO4 (where x= 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) were synthesized by citrate gel auto combustion method. The XRD studies reflected that the fabricated powders were single phase spinel structure with crystallite sizes in the range of 17-26nm. The values of lattice parameter and X-ray density decreases with the decrease of composition. The observed results can be explained on the basis of composition.
Keywords: Ni-Al nano ferrites, Citrate gel auto combustion method, XRD

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K.S. Nagaraju, D. Ravinder "Preparation and characterization of Al doped nano crystalline Ni ferrites" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Expansive Soil Stabilization Using Industrial Solid Wastes a Review
  Simantinee Samal, Harish Kelageri
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]
    10.9790/9622- 0702057783      

Abstract:

This paper highlights the results of works done by different researchers on soil stabilization using different waste materials that primarily emanate from industries all over the globe, it is seen that most of the materials used for this purpose have proven to be very effective in improving the engineering properties of expansive soils. material wastes such as cement kiln dust, red mud, copper slag, brick dust, ceramic dust, polyvinyl waste, fly ash etc. laboratory tests such as California bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compression strength test (UCS), free swell index, liquid limit, plastic limit, x-ray diffraction, compaction etc. were conducted, the research methods and results are discussed in this article
Keywords: California bearing ratio (CBR), black cotton soil, expansive soil, soil stabilization, industrial wastes etc.

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Simantinee Samal, Harish Kelageri "Expansive Soil Stabilization Using Industrial Solid Wastes a Review" Vol. 7 - Issue 2 (February - 2017), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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