Abstract:

In this article the analysis of the electric impedance spectra of liver samples was performed. Nyquist diagrams were built for intact and experimental samples that were exposed to temperature. The optimal model equivalent electrical circuits of the studied systems are obtained and processed, an attempt to establish the correspondence of individual elements of equivalent circuits and their real analogues in the studied tissues was made and the parameters of component circuits are calculated. It is shown that the initial stages of thermotemporal transformation of the tissue structure are reflected in the change of the parameters of the elements of the schemes and the final irreversible destructive effects are manifested in the form of loss of their elements. In addition, structural deformations of tissues were examined by optical microscopy. The conclusion about features of influence of temperature on the investigated samples and on the general structure of equivalent electric schemes was made.
Keyword: equivalent circuit, constant phase element,electrical impedance, destructive influence, liver.

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T. Pryimak, O. Popadynets, I. Gasiuk, T. Kotyk "Electrical impedance spectrum transformation of liver tissues under the influence of temperature" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

It's a way through which items move noticeably all around. Each sort of vehicle and auto is encircled via air, impacted by streamlined features. Essentially, it's a part of material science and manages the movement of air and other vaporous liquids. Drag (d), tallness (h), and speed increase (a) are three essential optimal design....
Keyword: ....

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Ali Mejbel Abdullah Aljadei "The Effect of Automotive Aerodynamics in Fuel Consume" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

Smartphones hаve become аcrucialpart of human life. As we know ,most people fаced problem of forgetting some of the groceries that they need to buy аfter visiting the grocery store. It might be а smаll bаg of condiments, а tube of toothpаste, or even а pаcket of biscuits. Also, sometimes there is buying of unwаnted items that we may never use that leads to wаstаge. So Digitаl Grocery lists аre the best replаcement for pаper-bаsed grocery System. This pаper discusses about the Machine Learning Algorithms in the development of а mobile аpplicаtion for creating аnd mаnаging а grocery list collаborаtively. This Systemwill helps us to generаte, mаnаge аnd mаintаin the required monthly grocery list that cаn be customized bаsed on grocery requirements for аny...
Keyword: Algorithms, Machine Learning ,Patterns Statistical.

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Prof.Mr.Atul Pawar, Sushank Dehankar, Akshay Dandawate, Omkar Bansode, Avishkar Gawade "A Review on Grocery Management System Using Machine Learning Algorithms" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

A three-level inverter operated in over modulation region, gives higher speed, higher torque and higher power characteristics. In comparison to a two-level inverter, a three-level inverter has a larger number of switches and is more difficult to implement in the over modulation zone. In this paper, a simplified space vector PWM is proposed for over-modulation region of space vector modulated three level inverter fed induction motor drive. In this method timings are calculated for sector A and the timings for remaining sectors are calculated using mapping, hence number of calculations is reduced and implementation is simplified. The proposed method is verified using MATLAB simulation. In this study, the SVPWM is used in three different regions, including overmodulation region 1 and region 2, and the outcomes are compared.
Keyword: over modulation; space vector; linear modulation.

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R. Linga Swamy, P. Lokender Reddy, M. Sai Kiran "Simplified SVPWM for Three-Level Inverter Extending Operation into Over Modulation Region" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

Internet of Things (IoT) has made irrigation of agriculture fields more smart, convenient and comfortable. It has enhanced yield quality by providing intelligence feature in the soil condition monitoring using plethora of sensors and actuators. IoT has enabled farmers to become more knowledgeable and has simplified their decision making process for the irrigation of their agriculture land. By Using IoT, agriculture fields can now be irrigated remotely and status of soil parameters can be monitored more precisely even when farmer is away from their agriculture fields. In this paper smart irrigation system using IoT has been implemented which can monitor soil temperature, moisture content and amount of rain water using different sensors. These parameters can be monitored remotely using Wi-Fi module and brought under control by switching on water pump motor with the help of required accessories. Implementation of this smart irrigation system has improved the quality of product apart from enhancing the productivity of the farm while providing comfort, convenience and information to the farmer.
Keyword: Internet of Things, Smart Irrigation, Water Utilization, Soil Monitoring, Intelligent Decision

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Shatrughna Prasad Yadav, Mallela Sreeja, Peddineni Vyshnavi "Internet of Things Enabled Intelligent and Smart Irrigation System" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

The long-term goal of Leading Applied Research of Higher Education is the manual of spatial preservation of settlements for ecotourism development in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village, Karangasem-Bali as a tourist village.This study is expected to solve the issue relevant to the needs of rural communities in the long term, which is the preservation of the architecture of the settlements, especially residential homes, as rural settlements continue to grow as time goes by (cultural and technological development). The method used to achieve the goal of this study is the qualitative method with an emphasis on observation, which is closely related to distinct (unique) contextual factors. So, each context should be handled in terms of its context. This study is related to the value system, concept,.....
Keyword: preservation, ecotourism, access

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I Wayan Runa, Anak Agung Gede Raka, I Nyoman Warnata "Manual Of Spatial Preservation Of Settlements For Ecotourism Development In Tenganan Pegringsingan Village, Karangasem-Bali" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

As India is the fastest growing country across the globe and in need of shelter with higher land cost in major cities where horizontal expansion is not much possible due to space shortage. Thus, we are left with the solution of vertical expansion.In India basic need of people is not only structurally robust and aesthetically pleasing building but also economical building. To design these building best technology and best material are required.The analysis and design procedure adopted for the evaluation of multi- storey building(G+6) is based on the STAAD Pro. Software. The properties of structural elements are then optimized for the worst load case after a comparative study....
Keyword: Seismic Analysis, Regular Building, Irregular Building, STAADPro, Weak Storey, Seismic Load, Deflection, Stress, Bending Moment, Shear Force, Storey Drift, Joint Displacement.

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Rajeev Chauhan, Kapil Bhutani, Arun Bhardwaj "Seismic Analysis of Regular and Irregular Configuration of Building" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

In this paper, an attempt is made in determining the best optimization software suitable for solving transportation problem of a manufacturing industry producing different products that is transported to several locations. EXCEL, LINGO and TORA evaluating tools were used. It can be deduced that LINGO and TORA can accommodate more constraints than EXCEL and EXCEL can perform mathematical computations effectively than both. From the findings, it can be drawn that finished goods should be transported according to the routes that minimized the cost of transportation. Finally, the result obtained from the three algorithms were compared and the best software was chosen to propose a new transportation network for the company. Hence TORA is rated higher for optimization than LINGO and EXCEL because it saves more cost which invariably will increase the company's profit by 56.82 percent, enhance customer satisfaction, gives the company good image, competitive advantage and sustainability..
Keyword: EXCEL, LINGO and TORA Software, Multi-Commodity Multi-Location Integrated Model, Transportation Cost, Transportation Model, Transportation Network.

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Adedeji Kasali Aderinmoye, Zosu Segbenu Joseph, Duduyemi Oladejo Samuel, Oyetunji Elkanah Olaosebikan "Comparative Study of Algorithm Tools Used On Multi-Commodity Multi-Location Integrated Model for Manufacturing Industry" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

The use of renewable energy in various fields is not a new trend and studies covered many aspects of this subject but it is still open for further discussions and studies . And as the middle east region ( specially Gulf Cooperation Council countries GCC ) climate conditions make the usage of solar and wind energy techniquesa possible and feasible alternative of fossil fuelssources . And as the potable water source for GCC countries is mainly through desalination which consumes considerable amount of energy beside its environmental effect , this study directs a closer look to different methodology and techniques of water desalination systems widely used and their economic and environmental factors .Also will detail the possible alternatives of renewable energy sources and theirfeasibility to drive desalination systems.
Keyword: Renewable energy – Desalination – Solar energy – Wind energy

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Mohamed M. Elmesmary, Abdullah M. AlTawari "Feasibility and Possibilities of Renewable Energy in Desalination With Closer look to GCC Countries" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

The development of efficient and low-cost materials for carbon dioxide capture is currently an important technological challenge. Among several materials used for CO2 capture, lithium silicate has been proved an important alternative for several applications. The present work reviews the use of different available and low-cost mineral and waste silica sources to prepare lithium silicate. The main natural silica sources mapped were halloysite, vermiculite, kaolinite, sepiolite, wollastonite, serpentinite, diatomite, and quartz whereas the main potential wastes were slag, fly ash and rice husk ash. Based on several aspects compared for the different sources, e.g., silica content, the preparation methods, and the CO2 capture efficiencies and a critical analysis suggested that depending on the location, cost, and availability different silica sources may stand out as a more promising source.
Keyword: CO2 capture; lithium silicate; mineral; silica; waste.

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Luciene da Silva Castro, Alexandre Carvalho Bertoli, Ana Paula de Carvalho Teixeira, Rochel Montero Lago, Vanessa de Freitas Cunha Lins "Use of Alternative Materials to Produce Lithium Silicate for CO2 Capture" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

Wind Energy is among the fastest growing renewable energy sources. With an increase in the power generation from wind farm, the complexity and the size of the plant is increasing. Also, wind turbine system needs to be ultra reliable for the uninterrupted supply of electricity. For these systems to be ultra reliable, there is a need to have knowledge of the reliability of existing wind turbine system and its parts as well as the scope to improve the reliability. There is a significant impact of wind turbine failures on public health, economy, productivity and safety. It is therefore a challenging task for wind turbine manufacturers to achieve the desired reliability and safety during the design and operation.....
Keyword: Criticality Analysis, Reliability, Safety, Wind Turbine Configurations

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Farhana Fayaz, Abubakar Isa "Criticality Analysis of different topologies of Wind Turbine System" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

This paper present seagull optimization algorithm to solve constrained dynamic load dispatch (ELD) problem. Seagull Optimization algorithm (SOA) is a new meta-heuristic inspired by seagull. The leadership hierarchy and hunting mechanism of the seagull is mimicked in SOA. The objective of ELD problem is to minimize the total generation cost while fulfilling the different constraints, when the required load of power system is being supplied. The proposed technique is implemented on two different test systems for solving the ELD with various load demands. To show the effectiveness of SOA to solve ELD problem results were compared with other existing techniques.
Keyword: ...

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Dr.Sudhir Sharma, Shivani Mehta, Rahul "Seagull Optimization Algorithm For Constrained Dynamic Load Dispatch" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

Due to an excessive interest and attention toward the digital transformation of the Modern Manufacturing Assets, a significant amount of research and study is required to build a sustainable system architecture that integrate the Industry 4.0 assets with the state of art Internet of Things concept, and to provide an easily implementable system. The system in need should not only work efficiently but also comply with Standard Cyber Securities practices. Multiple research papers and business review literatures are present to support various system architectures but a reasonable comprehensive and investigative reference is required to bridge a gap and provide a reference for....
Keyword: Industrial Internet of Things; Cyber Physical Systems; Industry 4.0; Reference architecture; Software architecture; Interoperability.

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Ayushi Tyagi, Prof. Dharamveer singh Chauhan, Mohd. Vkil "A comprehensive and investigative study of reference architecture of industrial internet of things and industry 4.0" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

The new Indian Company Act, 2013 is an inviting and positive advance towards modernizing India's organization law and spots India comparable to corporate enactment elsewhere in the globe. The Act is a reformist and forward looking which guarantees further developed corporate administration standards, improved exposures and straightforwardness, facilitation of responsible business venture, expanded responsibility of organization administrations and evaluators and severe authorization measures. It goes far in ensuring the interests of investors and eliminates regulatory weight in a few regions. The article provides important insights of The Company's Act 2013..
Keyword: The Indian Company Act, 2013, Business Management, Corporate administration

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Dr. HemaMirji, Smarika Sahani "Case Analysis on Evolution of Company Act With Reference to Registrar of Companies- India" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

Automatic detection of retinal blood vessels and measurement of vessel diameter are very much important for the diagnosis and the treatment of different ocular diseases including diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma and hypertension. In this project, we propose a method that first generates trimap automatically by utilizing region features of blood vessels and trimap is generated using morphological operation, then applies a hierarchical image matting model to extract the vessel pixels from the unknown regions. The proposed method has low calculation time and outperforms many other state-of-art supervised and unsupervised methods. The performance of algorithms is analyzed on one database out of three publicly available databases (DRIVE, STARE and CHASE_DB) of retinal images using a number of measures, which include accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The experimental results are evaluated using matlab tool..
Keyword: Fundus Image, Image Matting, Image segmentation, Morphological operations, blood vessels

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GUMMADAPU SUSHMITA "A Morphological based Image Matting Model for Segmentation of Blood Vessel in Fundus Images" Vol. 11 - No. 12 (December 2021), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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