• Fundamental Aspects of Biosensors
  K.Sowjanya, Aruna Kumari Yadla
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A biosensor is an analytical device which converts a biological response into an electrical signal. The term 'biosensor' is often used to cover sensor devices used in order to determine the concentration of substances and other parameters of biological interest even where they do not utilize a biological system directly. This very broad definition is used by some scientific journals (e.g. Biosensors, Elsevier Applied Science) but will not be applied to the coverage here. The emphasis of this Chapter concerns enzymes as the biologically responsive material, but it should be recognized that other biological systems may be utilized by biosensors, for example, whole cell metabolism, ligand binding and the antibody-antigen reaction........
Keyword: ............

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K.Sowjanya, Aruna Kumari Yadla "Fundamental Aspects of Biosensors"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Removal of Lead Ion Using Maize Cob as a Bioadsorbent
  P. Muthusamy, S. Murugan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The intensification of industrial activity and environmental stress greatly contributes to the significant rise of heavy metal pollution in water resources making threats on terrestrial and aquatic life. The toxicity of metal pollution is slow and interminable, as these metal ions are non bio-degradable. The most appropriate solution for controlling the biogeochemistry of metal contaminants is sorption technique, to produce high quality treated effluents from polluted wastewater. Maize cob readily available was used as sorbent for the removal of lead ions from aqueous media. Adsorption studies were performed by batch experiments as a function of process parameters such as sorption 500ppm,2.5g, 400minutes, 400 rpm and 5 PH.........
Key words:Heavy metal adsorption, isotherms, maize cob, leads ions

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P. Muthusamy, S. Murugan "Removal of Lead Ion Using Maize Cob as a Bioadsorbent"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design and Implementation of Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit
  S Ramanathan, G Vinothini, Ashwini C Chaudhari, Dr. K Sivasankaran
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper aims at Implementation of Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit. The real number is represented in Qn.m format where n is the number of bits to the left of the binary point and m is the number of bits to the right of the binary point. The Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit was designed using Verilog HDL. The Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit incorporates adder, multiplier and subtractor. We carried out the simulations in ModelSim and Cadence IUS, used Cadence RTL Compiler for synthesis and used Cadence SoC Encounter for physical design and targeted 180 nm Technology for ASIC implementation. From the synthesis result it is found that our design consumes 1.524 mW of power and requires area 20823.26 μm2..
Keywords:ASIC implementation, Cadence IUS, Cadence RTL Compiler, Cadence SoC Encounter, Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit, Qn.m, Verilog HDL.

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S Ramanathan, G Vinothini, Ashwini C Chaudhari, Dr. K Sivasankaran"Design and Implementation of Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Optimization of Mel Cepstral Coefficient by Flower Pollination Algorithm for Speech Enhancement
  Shaveta Verma, Anil Garg
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper describes the speech intelligibility enhancement by extracting the speech features. A method is introduced for modifying the speech features i.e. Mel frequency cepstral coefficient from a fusion of noise and speech signal and then these features are optimized by Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) which is a nature-inspired algorithm and is based on the process called pollination. Different results shows each and every step, extracting the speech features and optimized by flower pollination algorithm and by taking same speech signal and different noises FPA signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gives better results and when different speech signals and different noisy signals have been compared still the FPA SNR perform better than the existing technique. Thus, proposed method gives reliable and effective results.
Keywords –Denoising, Feature extraction, Flower pollination, Levy flights, Mel cepstral coefficients.

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Shaveta Verma, Anil Garg"Optimization of Mel Cepstral Coefficient by Flower Pollination Algorithm for Speech Enhancement"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Growth and Dispersion the Silica Particle on the Glass via Modified Stöber Method and Spray Technique
  Van Thi Thanh Ho
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

We presented the fabrication of a novel geometric light trapping structure based on silica particle. This light trapping structure with good morphology was fabricated through modified Stöber method and spray technique. More importantly, the silica particles were dispersed onto glass by using bottom-up or chemical approach involves a common route used to synthesis silica particles from atomic or molecular scale. An optimized synthesis condition is a combination of optimal values of each reaction parameter of Stöber method that could produce homogenous and mono-dispersed silica nanoparticles with uniform size. The diameter of silica particles can be varied from 200, 430, 560, 460 nm by increasing concentrations of ammonia from 2.33 mM to 4.65 mM, 9.31 mM and 13.96 mM, respectively......
Keywords:SiO2, Stöber method, dispersion, growth, TCO

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Van Thi Thanh Ho "Growth and Dispersion the Silica Particle on the Glass via Modified Stöber Method and Spray Technique"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Assessment of the Usefulness of Egnos Differential Corrections in Conducting Gps Static Measurements
  Henryk Jafernik
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The article presents the results of research in determining the position of the base station in a static mode using EGNOS differential corrections. The experiment was conducted in the Dęblin airport area. The experiment comprised determining the coordinates of three base stations (REF1, VirA i VirB). The analysis of the results for the tools adopted pointed out to the fact that the accuracy of coordinate determination for each station was in the range of less than 2 meters.
Keywords:GPS, GNSS, EGNOS

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Henryk Jafernik "Assessment of the Usefulness of Egnos Differential Corrections in Conducting Gps Static Measurements"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design of 12-14.1 GHz Bandpass Filter with Stub Loaded
  Tong-xiu Fan, Yin-hua Yao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and measurement of 12-14.1GHz microstrip multi-mode bandpass filter. The fabricated microstrip bandpass filter has a compact size of 15.785mm×5mm and good filtering characteristics. In the frequency range of 12-14.1GHz, the insertion loss varies between 1.565dB and 2.051dB with about 0.5dB ripple. The measured results show excellent out-of-band rejection above 40dB in 0.02-10GHz, but much poorer rejection performance in upper stopband due to the spurious passband. To solve the problem, a DC-14.1GHz LC low pass filter is supplemented after the microstrip bandpass filter.
Keywords:Stop band rejection, insertion loss, low pass filter

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Tong-xiu Fan, Yin-hua Yao "Design of 12-14.1 GHz Bandpass Filter with Stub Loaded"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Data Warehouse Model For Mobile-Based Applications
  Muhammad Shahbani Abu Bakar, Azman Ta'a
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Analysis and design are very important roles in the Data Warehouse (DW) system development and forms as a backbone of any successful or failure of the DW project. The emerging trends of analytic-based application required the DW system to be implemented in the mobile environment. However, current analysis and design approaches are based on existing DW environments that focusing on the deployment of the DW system in traditional web-based applications. This will create the limitations on user accessed and the used of analytical information by the decision makers......
Keywords:Requirement Analysis, Data Warehouse, Mobile Application, Information Science

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Muhammad Shahbani Abu Bakar, Azman Ta'a "Data Warehouse Model For Mobile-Based Applications"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of Cotton Fibers and Their Trash Characteristics on the Performance of Spinning Preparatory Processes
  Dr. (Mrs.) Tasnim N. Shaikh, Mr. Hardik Pujara
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Technological revolution in the age old cotton textile industry has made spinning preparatory section as a control centre for quality and economy of the outgoing product. Spinners have to chase these goals by cleaningthe cotton mixwithout detoriate feed cotton characteristics and undue increase in the waste levels at higher productivity level. The successful efforts demand through investigation of thecotton fibers and their trash characteristics as well as identification of their best fit interrelationship with process parameters. Set of experimentations done in this direction are described in this paper as case study.
Keywords:Trash, Blow room, UQL, Neps, Card, Waste

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Dr. (Mrs.) Tasnim N. Shaikh, Mr. Hardik Pujara "Effect of Cotton Fibers and Their Trash Characteristics on the Performance of Spinning Preparatory Processes"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Rice Husk Ash Sandcrete Block As Low Cost Building Material
  S.P.Sangeetha
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Concrete is a widely used construction material for various types of structures due to its structural stability and strength. The construction industry is today consuming more than 400 million tonnes of concrete every year .Most of the increase in cement demand will be met by the use of supplementary cementing materials, as each ton of Portland cement clinker production is associated with similar amount of CO2 emission, which is a major source of global warming. Partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement with mineral admixtures like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, metakaolin, Rice husk Ash (RHA),etc with plasticizers eliminates these drawbacks.......
Keywords:rice husk ash, Pozzalano, sandcrete, mortar

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S.P.Sangeetha "Rice Husk Ash Sandcrete Block As Low Cost Building Material"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nano Alumina Particulate Reinforced A356 Nano Composites
  G. Sri Mallika
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A356, which is much lighter than steel, is an attractive replacement material. Therefore, it is of great interest to enhance its properties. There is strong evidence that the microstructure and mechanical properties can be considerably improved if nano particles are used as reinforcement to form metal-matrix- nano-composite (MMNC). In this thesis, a detailed analysis of alumina i.e.., 60μm is reduced to 32nm by high energy ball milling. For every 5hrs alumina powder is taken and calculating the crystallite size by X-Ray Diffraction. In this thesis, a detailed analysis of the microstructure and mechanical properties is provided for an A356 alloy enhanced with alumina nano particles via ultrasonic processing.......
Keywords:EDS, High energy ball milling, SEM, Ultrasonication, X-ray Diffraction.

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G. Sri Mallika "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nano Alumina Particulate Reinforced A356 Nano Composites"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Weather Monitoring Station: A Review
  Mr. Dipak V. Sose, Dr. Ajij D. Sayyad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Weather monitoring plays a very important role in human life hence study of weather system is necessary. Currently there are two types of the weather monitoring stations available i.e. wired and wireless. Wireless system has some advantages over the wired one hence popular now a days. The parameters are include in weather monitoring usually temperature, humidity atmospheric pressure, light intensity, rainfall etc. There are many techniques existed using different processor such as PIC, AVR, ARM etc. Analog to digital channel are used to fetch the analog output of the sensors. The wireless techniques used in the weather monitoring having GSM, FM channel, Zigbee, RF etc Protocols.
Keywords:ADC, Microcontroller, Sensors

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Mr. Dipak V. Sose, Dr. Ajij D. Sayyad "Weather Monitoring Station: A Review"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fuzzy Sequencing Problem Using Generalized Triangular Fuzzy Numbers
  K.Kripa, R.Govindarajan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper, we present the different methods to solve fuzzy sequencing problem using fuzzy technological values like generalized triangular fuzzy numbers. The procedure adopted was the fuzzy sequencing problems are defuzzified using ranking functions and hence solving the crisp sequencing problem by standard sequencing algorithm for obtaining the optimal sequence and minimum completion time in terms of fuzzy values which is illustrated with numerical examples and solutions.
Keywords:Fuzzy sequencing problem, generalized triangular fuzzy number, fuzzy arithmetic and ranking functions.

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K.Kripa, R.Govindarajan "Fuzzy Sequencing Problem Using Generalized Triangular Fuzzy Numbers"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Tuning the Ionic and Dielectric Properties of Electrospun Nanocomposite Fibers for Supercapacitor Applications
  A. Jabbarnia, W. S. Khan, A. Ghazinezami, R. Asmatulu
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This study reports the fabrication and characterization of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF)and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofiber separators embedded with carbon black nanoparticles. Different weight percentages (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4wt%) of carbon black nanoparticles were dispersed in N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and ethanol using sonication and high-speed agitations, and then PVdF and PVP polymers were added to the dispersions prior to the mixing and electrospinning processes......
Keywords:Carbon Black Nanopowders, Electrospun Nanofibers,Ionic Conductivity, Supercapacitor Separators

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A. Jabbarnia, W. S. Khan, A. Ghazinezami, R. Asmatulu "Tuning the Ionic and Dielectric Properties of Electrospun Nanocomposite Fibers for Supercapacitor Applications"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A brief review on mixed convection heat transfer in channel flow with vortex generator for electronic chip cooling
  S K Mandal, Dipak Sen
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In an effort to increase processor speeds, 3D IC architecture is being aggressively pursued by researchers and chip manufacturers. This architecture allows extremely high level of integration with enhanced electrical performance and expanded functionality, and facilitates realization of VLSI and ULSI technologies. However, utilizing the third dimension to provide additional device layers poses thermal challenges due to the increased heat dissipation and complex electrical interconnects among different layers. The conflicting needs of the cooling system requiring larger flow passage dimensions to limit the pressure drop, and the IC architecture necessitating short interconnect distances to reduce signal latency warrant paradigm shifts in both of their design approach.......
Keywords:Convection heat transfer, chip cooling, channel, vortex generator

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S K Mandal, Dipak Sen"A brief review on mixed convection heat transfer in channel flow with vortex generator for electronic chip cooling"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-2

• Simulation of 64-bit MAC Unit using Kogge Stone Adder and Ancient Indian Mathematics
  Aapurva Kaul, Abhijeet Kumar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper describes that multiply and accumulate (MAC) unit plays a very vital role in various Digital Signal Processing applications. Speed of these applications depends on the speed of these three sub units of MAC multiply unit, adder unit and accumulator unit. In this paper the delay of 64-bit MAC unit is decreased as compared to the previous MAC units. In this Kogge Stone Adder is used as adder in design Vedic Multiplier using Urdhva Tiryakbhyam sutra.........
Keyword: Accumulator, Kogge Stone Adder, Multiply and accumulate unit, Urdhva Tiryakbhyam, Vedic Multiplier.

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Aapurva Kaul , Abhijeet Kumar "Simulation of 64-bit MAC Unit using Kogge Stone Adder and Ancient Indian Mathematics"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Analysis of Pumphouse RCC Frame Structure for Soil Structure Interaction
  Mr A.S. Thombare, Prof. V.P. Kumbhar, Prof. A.H. Kumbhar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

When structure is built on ground some elements of structure are direct contact with soil. When loads are applied on structure internal forces are developed in both the structure as well as in soil. It results in deformation of both the components which are independent to each other. This are called soil structure interaction. The analysis is done by using (Bentley STAAD.Pro V8i Version 2007) software. The analysis carried out been pump house structure R.C.C. frame structure find out shear force Z direction fixed support and fixed but support for different soil..........
Key words:Pump house, shear force, Soil structure interaction, STAAD.Pro V8i, Static analysis.

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Mr A.S. Thombare, Prof. V.P. Kumbhar, Prof. A.H. Kumbhar "Analysis of Pumphouse RCC Frame Structure for Soil Structure Interaction"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Voltage Profile Improvement in Distribution System Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
  V.Veera Nagireddy, C.Srinivasa Rao ,V.Madhusudhan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The traditional method in electric power distribution is to have centralized plants distributing electricity through an extensive distribution network. Distributed generation (DG) provides electric power at a site closer to the customer which reduces the transmission and distribution costs, reduces fossil fuel emissions, capital cost, reduce maintenance costs and improve the distribution feeder voltage profiles. In the case of small generation systems, the locations of DG and penetration level of DG are usually not priori known. In this paper, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm attempts to calculate the boundaries of the randomly placed distributed generators in a distribution network...
Keywords:Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO), radial distribution network, voltage stability, loss minimization, load flows, distributed generation..

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V.Veera Nagireddy, C.Srinivasa Rao , V.Madhusudhan3"Voltage Profile Improvement in Distribution System Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Performance Challenges and Solutions for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: Survey
  Paramjit Singh, Dr. Neera Batra
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) support vehicle to vehicle communication using transport based infrastructure which can be referred as Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks which are self-organized, self-healing networks that provide wireless communication among vehicles and roadside equipment. VANET is formed between vehicles on an as-needed basis. To form a VANET, wireless transceivers and computerized control modules are attached with vehicles that allow them to act as network nodes. Each vehicle's wireless network range may be limited to a few hundred meters, so providing end-to-end communication across a larger distance requires messages to hop through several nodes..
Keywords –VANET, wireless, Qos, Security, Mobility, ITS, MAC.

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Paramjit Singh, Dr. Neera Batra"Performance Challenges and Solutions for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: Survey"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design of Arithmetic Unit Using 32-Nm CNFET Technology
  Babithalincy R , Sharmila P , Kalpana R, Jenisha J
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The main aims of the electronic manufacturing are miniaturization and make small size products. Recently we are using carbon nano tube field effect transistor (CNFET), which has short channel effect. CNFET is better than CMOS and FinFET technologies. [3]. In this project Arithmetic and Logic Unit is designed in CNFET 32 nm technology and analyze the power dissipation.......
Keywords:4 bit Full Adder, CNFET, FinFET, CMOS, Power dissipation and Delay, ALU.

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Babithalincy R , Sharmila P , Kalpana R, Jenisha J"Design of Arithmetic Unit Using 32-Nm CNFET Technology"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design A Model That Encourages Innovation And Productivity In Soft Technologies
  Nuricumbo-Castro Héctor Roberto , Nolasco-Ruiz Sara , Díaz-Reyes Jorge Arturo, González-Pérez Manuel
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The paper presents a model that encourages innovation as a mediator between productivity and soft technologies. The proposed methodology starts from the analysis and synthesis of the abstract to the concrete by using the inductive-deductive method and holistic approach. This model integrates as strategic to soft in organizations through collaborative networks that allow the sharing of information technologies proposed..
Keywords:Soft Technologies, Innovation, Productivity.

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Nuricumbo-Castro Héctor Roberto , Nolasco-Ruiz Sara , Díaz-Reyes Jorge Arturo, González-Pérez Manuel "Design A Model That Encourages Innovation And Productivity In Soft Technologies"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Control of PET Based On Fuzzy Logic for Power Quality Improvement
  P Sravanthi, T Srinivasa Rao, P Anil Kumar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

During the past several years, fuzzy control has emerged as one of the most active and fruitful areas for research in the applications of fuzzy set theory, especially in the realm of industrial process, which do not lend of quantities data regarding the input-output relations. This paper presents a power electronic transformer with fuzzy controller. In the design process converters and high frequency transformers have been used. One matrix converter operates as AC/AC converter in power electronic transformer.....
Keywords:Power electronic transformer (PET), AC/AC Matrix converter, Power Quality, High Frequency Transformer, Space vector Technique, fuzzy control.

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P Sravanthi, T Srinivasa Rao, P Anil Kumar "Control of PET Based On Fuzzy Logic for Power Quality Improvement"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Innovative Power Harvesting With Stepper Motor
  N K Kaphungkui, Santanu Phukan, Sourav Mahanta, Sujata Mahanta, Anurag Kalita
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper present the innovative way of generating electricity using the principle of thermodynamics law. This law states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed but can be transform from one form to another. In this work, mechanical energy is converted into electricity using stepper motor which acts as a generator. Mechanical energy is freely generated and available such as in gym room and Children Park. The main aim of this work is the production of clean energy employing this mechanical energy as a driving force with a simple set up configuration........
Keywords:stepper motor, voltage doubler, rpm, mechanical energy, voltage level indicator.

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N K Kaphungkui, Santanu Phukan, Sourav Mahanta, Sujata Mahanta, Anurag Kalita "Innovative Power Harvesting With Stepper Motor"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Common Fixed Point Theorems for a Pair of Self Maps on a Metric Space with a Partial Order Controlled By Rational Expressions
  K.P.R.Sastry, K.K.M.Sarma, S.Lakshmana Rao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper, We establish the existence of coincidence points for a pair of self maps on a partially ordered metric space, satisfying a contractive condition with rational expressions. We also investigate conditions for the existence and uniqueness of fixed points under certain conditions.
Keywords: -admissible, ( , g ) -admissible, triangular  -admissible, triangular ( , g ) -admissible map f , ( , ) -contractive mapping. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010)}: 54H25, 47H10.

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K.P.R.Sastry , K.K.M.Sarma, S.Lakshmana Rao"Common Fixed Point Theorems for a Pair of Self Maps on a Metric Space with a Partial Order Controlled By Rational Expressions"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Ontology Based Crawler for Retrieving Information Distributed on the Web
  Wael A. Gab–Allah, Ben Bella S. Tawfik, Hamed M. Nassar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

One of the principal motivations for the creation of the Web was to retrieve information in a fast and easy way. So, building systems for retrieving distributed information is crucially essential. This paper introduces an ontology based focused crawling system that exhibits high recall and high precision. The reason behind the power of the system is two–fold. First, it is focused, thanks to the underlying ontology–based retrieval subsystem. Second, operates in two phases, one to increase recall and the other to increase precision. We have implemented the proposed system using the Python language and the WordNet taxonomy. The results obtained by the system are given at the end of the paper and show clearly that it outperforms general purpose crawling systems built on approaches such as breadth first search.
Keywords:Focused crawler, Information retrieval, Ontology, Web search

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Wael A. Gab–Allah, Ben Bella S. Tawfik, Hamed M. Nassar "An Ontology Based Crawler for Retrieving Information Distributed on the Web"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design and Fabrication of Page Turner for Quadriplegic
  Anand A, Ibrahim ShariffMD, Mohammed Zahid Abbas Khuraishi, Syed AnisurRehaman, Vinayak Ashok Pavate
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Reading books, magazines, and printed materials is an essential activity of daily living. Turning pages of a book or magazine is often cumbersome for avid readers and disabled individuals. An automatic page turner can serve as an assistive technology for people with disabilities and people with limited upper-body extremity function. The purpose of this project is try to find a better new form of an automatic page turner that will help such disabled people to complete the motions of turning pages so that to satisfy the desire of reading and learning.Individuals with decreased hand functioning, as the result of diagnoses such as arthritis, cerebral palsy, and stroke often have difficulties with fine motor activities.........
Keywords:Quadriplegic, Reading, Automatic page turning, low cost

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Anand A, Ibrahim ShariffMD, Mohammed Zahid Abbas Khuraishi, Syed AnisurRehaman, Vinayak Ashok Pavate "Design and Fabrication of Page Turner for Quadriplegic"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Enviormental Pollution
  Kanika Saini, Dr. Sona Malhotra
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Environment Pollution is one of the greatest problems today which is increasing with every passing year and causing crucial and severe damage to the earth. It has become a real problem since the beginning of the industrial revolution. It is the contamination of physical and biological components of the Earth / atmosphere system to such an extent that normal environmental processes are harmed. Pollution of the environment consists of five main types of pollution, namely air, water, soil, noise and light. Development activities such as construction, transport and manufacturing not only deplete natural resources, but also produce large quantities of waste which leads to air pollution, water, soil and the oceans; global warming and acid rain. This paper provides the insight view about the affects of environment pollution in the perspective of air pollution, water and land/ soil waste pollution on human and also provide the ways to save the environment with all these pollution.
Keywords:Environment Pollution, Air Pollution, Water Pollution, Soil Pollution, Land Pollution

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Kanika Saini, Dr. Sona Malhotra "Enviormental Pollution"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Use of Stone Dust & Granite Powder as a Partial Replacement of Cement
  Prerit Saxena, Rishabh Pratap Singh, Sumit Kumar Agrahari, Neelesh Kumar Singh
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The research demonstrate the use of naturally available waste material as a partial replacement of OPC cement resulting in improving the compressive strength of cement. Since cement manufacturing process involves emission of CO2 to a considerable amount in the environment resulting in global warming, thus use of these partial substituents in cement reduces this ill effect making an environment free construction. The objective of this thesis is to find optimum percentage up to which these pozzolanic waste materials can replace OPC-43 grade cement to obtain maximum compressive strength. In this thesis OPC-43 grade cement is replaced partially by stone dust & granite powder simultaneously in the proportion of 5%, 10%, 15% & 20% by weight..........
Keywords:Pozzolanic Waste Materials, Optimum Mix, Compressive Strength, Granite Powder, Stone Dust, OPC.

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Prerit Saxena, Rishabh Pratap Singh, Sumit Kumar Agrahari, Neelesh Kumar Singh "Use of Stone Dust & Granite Powder as a Partial Replacement of Cement"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Stress Analysis and Fatigue Analysis of Front Axle of Heavy-Duty Truck using ANSYS Ncode Design Life for Different Loading Cases
  Hemant L. Aghav, M.V.Walame
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Front axle of heavy duty truck is the important component of vehicle and needs good design under the various loading conditions of the complete vehicle. Aim of the project is to stress analysis and predict the life of front axle for vertical, and vertical and braking loading case. The fatigue life of front axle is generally estimated by stress life approach and strain life approach method. Front axle beam assembly was modeled in the NX cad software. Meshing and Stress analysis is performed by ANSYS workbench and fatigue analysis is performed by NCODE design life ANSYS tool under different loading cases. Fatigue life of axle obtained by FEA method is more than 2 x 105 cycles, which is considered as safe for vertical loading case. Similarly, Fatigue life of axle obtained is more than 4 x 103 cycles, which is considered as safe for vertical and braking loading case. The max stress region is below spring pad of axle for vertical loading and in the goose neck of axle for vertical and braking loading case.
Keywords:Front axle beam, Stress Analysis, Fatigue Life, NCODE ANSYS tool, Heavy Duty Truck

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Hemant L. Aghav, M.V.Walame "Stress Analysis and Fatigue Analysis of Front Axle of Heavy-Duty Truck using ANSYS Ncode Design Life for Different Loading Cases"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-3

• Brushless Dc Motor Drive during Speed Regulation with Artificial Neural Network Controller
  Sakshi Solanki
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Brushless DC motor, at this moment is extensively used being many industrial function due to the different features like high efficiency and dynamic response and high speed range. This paper is proposing a technology named as Artificial Neural Network controller to control the speed of the brushless DC motor. Here the paper contributes an analysis of performance Artificial Neural Network controller. Because it is difficult to handle by the use of conventional PID controller as BLDC drive is a nonlinear. Through PID controller, the speed regulation of BLDC is not efficient and reliable as PID controller cannot operate the large data, results it gives different variation in BLDC motor control.........
Keyword: BLDC motor or BLDCM, ANN Controller, Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Controller, NN Toolbox.

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Sakshi Solanki"Brushless Dc Motor Drive during Speed Regulation with Artificial Neural Network Controller"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fabrication and Micro structural Analysis Of Carbon Nano Tube Materials By Adding Nano Flyash To Alumina
  N.Chandra Sekhar Reddy, Dr.B.Anjaneya Prasad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The application spectrum of low cost material reinforced metal matrix composites is growing rapidly in various engineering fields due to their superior mechanical and thermal properties. In the present study it is proposed to explore the possibilities of reinforcing aluminum alloys (AlSiC and Al6061) with locally available inexpensive rice husk and fly ash for developing a new composite material. A sample of TiB2 also added to one sample to get better phenomena's in matrix composites. A rice husk and fly ash particles of 5, 10 and15% each by weight are proposed to develop metal matrix composites using liquid metal processing route. Stir cast and in-situ methods are used to prepare composites...........
Key words:Fabrication of MMC, SEM, OM, Microstructures, Bonding between atoms

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N.Chandra Sekhar Reddy, Dr.B.Anjaneya Prasad "Fabrication and Micro structural Analysis Of Carbon Nano Tube Materials By Adding Nano Flyash To Alumina"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of Functional Ingredients Such As Mushrooms, Sesame Seeds And wheat Gluten Incorporation Levels on the Sensory Acceptability of Chicken Meat Cutlets
  Kanchan Kumari
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The present research has made an efforts to evaluate the quality and shelf life of chicken meat cutlets by incorporating functional ingredients such as mushrooms, sesame seeds and wheat gluten at optimized levels. Mushrooms (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 per cent levels) sesame seeds (0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 per cent levels) and wheat gluten (0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3 per cent levels) in the products for their optimization in formulation of chicken meat cutlets. Fresh mushrooms when incorporated above 15 percent had deteriorative effect on appearance, color, texture, flavor and also on cutlets making property. So 15 percent level was selected. Appearance, color, texture, flavor and overall acceptability scores were maximum at 2.5% level of sesame seed incorporation...........
Key words:Chicken meat cutlets, Mushroom, Sesame seeds, Wheat gluten, and Coextruded plastic films (Conventional and Vacuum packs)

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Kanchan Kumari "Effect of Functional Ingredients Such As Mushrooms, Sesame Seeds And wheat Gluten Incorporation Levels on the Sensory Acceptability of Chicken Meat Cutlets"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Soot Formation in Diesel Engines By Using Cfd
  R. Siva Kumar, Dr. K. Tirupathi Reddy, P. Madhu Raghava, P.Nagaraju
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In order to meet the stringent emission standards significant efforts have been imparted to the research and development of cleaner IC engines. Diesel combustion and the formation of pollutants are directly influenced by spatial and temporal distribution of the fuel injected. The development and validation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models for diesel engine combustion and emissions is described. The complexity of diesel combustion requires simulations with many complex interacting sub models in order to have a success in improving the performance and to reduce the emissions. In the present work an attempt has been made to develop a multidimensional axe-symmetric model for CI engine combustion and emissions. Later simulations have been carried out...........
Key words:IC engines, CFD, FLUENT, RNG K-ɛ model, La Grangian approach.

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R. Siva Kumar, Dr. K. Tirupathi Reddy, P. Madhu Raghava, P.Nagaraju "Soot Formation in Diesel Engines By Using Cfd"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Enhanced Anti-Weathering of Nanocomposite Coatings with Silanized Graphene Nanomaterials
  Ramazan Asmatulu, Daoudadiouf, mdmoniruddin, Nurxat Nuraje
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This article presents the development of a nanocomposite coating using nanographene platelets associated with an epoxy primer to improve the coating resistance against corrosion and weathering. Based on the hypothesis that coatings containing nanoadditives would provide strong resistantance to degradation and that modified graphene particles through silanization improve the stability of the graphene particles in the coatings, the performance of the nanocomposite coatings was assessed by exposing them to ultraviolet (UV) light and salt fog by placing specimens alternatively in two respective chambers for intervals of 24 hours for 20 days. Coating performance analyses were carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer thickness measurements, water contact angle, and electro impedance spectroscopy (EIS) testing............
Key words:Graphene; Nanocomposite Coating; Composite Surface; UV Degradation; Prevention

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Ramazan Asmatulu, Daoudadiouf, mdmoniruddin, Nurxat Nuraje "Enhanced Anti-Weathering of Nanocomposite Coatings with Silanized Graphene Nanomaterials"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Performance Analysis of Multi-QoS Model of OCDMA System by Adopting OPPM Signalling and Switching
  Rajesh Mishra, N.K.Shukla, C.K.Dwivedi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper, optical CDMA which combines the large bandwidth of the fibre medium with the flexibility of the CDMA technique to achieve high speed connectivity has been used. For achieving this purpose, OPPM signalling and switching techniques have been employed. This helps in the achievement of high tolerance to Multiple Access Interference, further resulting in improvement of both the Bit Error Rate and optical channel capacity without the need to decrease the light pulse width. An OPPM scheme to support multimedia services with different transmission rates and Quality of Service requirements is proposed. Packet Switching technique has been employed to help in the transfer of data in the form of packets from the source to the destination via a specified route. The results are calculated by using PPM signalling and switching technology.But switching technology has been found to be far better than the OOK-OCDMA if the average power has been considered as the restraining factor.
Key words:CDMA, OCDMA, BER,PPM,OOK, PER,MAI, QoS, Switching.

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Rajesh Mishra, N.K.Shukla, C.K.Dwivedi "Performance Analysis of Multi-QoS Model of OCDMA System by Adopting OPPM Signalling and Switching"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Optimization of Force and Surface Roughness for Carbonized Steel in Turning Process through Neural Network
  Anita Jha, R. K. Rathore
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

These days one of the most important machining processes in industries is turning. Turning is affected by many factors such as the cutting velocity, feed rate, depth of cut and geometry of cutting tool etc., which are input parameters in this paper work. The desired product of dimensional accuracy and less surface roughness is influenced by cutting force and tool vibration which are the responses and the functions of these input parameters. In this paper work we determine the optimal setting of cutting parameters cutting speed, depth of cut, feed and of the tool by using artificial neural network to get a maximum cutting force an minimum surface roughness. This study highlights the use of modern optimization technique to optimize the multi response in turning operation..
Key words:Neural Network, Neuron, surface roughness, turning.

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Anita Jha, R. K. Rathore "Optimization of Force and Surface Roughness for Carbonized Steel in Turning Process through Neural Network"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Probable technologies behind the Vimanas described in Ramayana
  Shruthi.K.R., Dr. Rajani Jairam
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In Sanskrit literature there is a prominent place for Maharshi Valmiki‟s Ramayana. This is one of the very few popular epics which are translated to multiple languages across the world. It has seven kaandas (books), five hundred sargas (chapters) and twenty four thousand slokas (verses) in it. The vimanas are described in various kaandas of Ramayana. It is said that Ravana had the vimana which could appear and disappear, travel long distances with high speed based on the thought power of the master. A few years ago in the year 2013 researchers from the University of Minnesota have designed a model quadcopter which can be flown by the human thought power........
Key words:Ramayana, Pushpaka Vimana, ancient aircrafts, thought power, flight simulator, non-invasive brain waves, invisibility of aircrafts..

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Shruthi.K.R., Dr. Rajani Jairam "Probable technologies behind the Vimanas described in Ramayana"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Application of PLC's for Automation of Processes in Industries
  Rahul Pawar, Dr. N. R. Bhasme
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Several industries utilize sequential industrial process which is respective in nature. For such processes industries have to depend upon use of relays, stepping drum, timers and controls, considerable difficulties experienced in reprogramming necessitated due to change in the nature of production. Often the whole system has to be scrapped and a redesigning is required. To overcome these problems PLC control system was introduced. The PLC can be described as a control ladder comprising a sequence program. PLC sequence program consists of normally open and normally closed contacts connected in parallel or in series. It also has relay coils, which turns ON and OFF as the state of these contacts change. In this paper, about all aspects of these powerful and versatile tools and its applications to process automation has been discussed.
Key words:Automation, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Programming Languages, Process Automation.

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Rahul Pawar, Dr. N. R. Bhasme "Application of PLC's for Automation of Processes in Industries"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Number of iterations needed in Monte Carlo Simulation using reliability analysis for tunnel supports
  E. Bukaçi, Th. Korini, E. Periku, S. Allkja, P. Sheperi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

There are many methods in geotechnical engineering which could take advantage of Monte Carlo Simulation to establish probability of failure, since closed form solutions are almost impossible to use in most cases. The problem that arises with using Monte Carlo Simulation is the number of iterations needed for a particular simulation.This article will show why it's important to calculate number of iterations needed for Monte Carlo Simulation used in reliability analysis for tunnel supports using convergence – confinement method. Number if iterations needed will be calculated with two methods. In the first method, the analyst has to accept a distribution function for the performance function..........
Key words:convergence – confinement, iterations, Monte Carlo Simulation, probability of failure, reliability.

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E. Bukaçi, Th. Korini, E. Periku, S. Allkja, P. Sheperi "Number of Interactions Needed in Monte Carlo Simulation Using Reliability Analysis for Tunnel Supports"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Fast Floating Point Double Precision Implementation on Fpga
  Monika Maan, Abhay Bindal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In the modern day digital systems, floating point units are an important component in many signal and image processing applications. Many approaches of the floating point units have been proposed and compared with their counterparts in recent years. IEEE 754 floating point standard allows two types of precision units for floating point operations, single and double. In the proposed architecture double precision floating point unit is used and basic arithmetic operations are performed. A parallel architecture is proposed along with the high speed adder, which is shared among other operations and can perform operations independently as a separate unit.........
Key words:Carry Select Adder, Floating point unit, FPGA, IEEE-754 Standard, Reversible logic gates.

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Monika Maan, Abhay Bindal "A Fast Floating Point Double Precision Implementation on Fpga"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Interactive E-Lecture Using Video Annotation in Learning Groups
  Atul S. Choudhary, Prof. Balkrushna K.Patil
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Now day's users are interested in distance learning as there is rapid growth in digital data due to day today development in information as well as computer technology. Also its applications or usage have tremendous response in market. Peoples are attracted towards interactivity in each thing, we found that for e-learning is a very interactive way to learn and understand things. Currently, YouTube is the global way of video sharing. It is having certain limitations such as, it having inactivity in online learning. In online study students expecting some extra guidelines from given resources. In this project we developed video annotation system for foster active learning. In this project, we achieved active participation of students. There is certain kind of technologies that extracts some important keywords from textual information..........
Key words:Feature extraction, Video Annotation, Retrieval, E- Learning, Workplace Training, Tagging and Classification

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Atul S. Choudhary , Prof. Balkrushna K.Patil "Interactive E-Lecture Using Video Annotation in Learning Groups"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design and Implementation of Low Power 3-Bit Flash ADC Using 180nm CMOS Technology
  Neha, Amana Yadav
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Analog-to-digital converter has become a very important device in today's digitized world as they have a very wide variety of applications. Among all the ADC's available, the Flash ADC is the fastest one but a main disadvantage of Flash ADC is its power consumption. So, this paper aims at implementing a low power high speed Flash ADC. A 3-bit Flash ADC has been designed using CMOS technology. A two stage open loop comparator and a priority encoder have been implemented using which the ADC has been designed. All the circuits are simulated using 180nm technology in Tanner EDA environment..........
Key words:Flash ADC, Comparator, Encoder, OR gate, Tanner EDA, CMOS Technology.

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Neha, Amana Yadav "Design and Implementation of Low Power 3-Bit Flash ADC Using 180nm CMOS Technology"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effects on the Milk Yield caused by an AMS Energy Failure
  Anja Gräff, Manfred Höld, Jörn Stumpenhausen, Heinz Bernhardt
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Scientific experiments within the design approach "Integrated Dairy Farming – Stable 4.0" have been carried out to investigate cattle behavior in an AMS under a power cut of limited time. Milk yield and animal welfare were under particular focus. The results show various reactions under stress and, in particular, we observed a decrease in milk yield, not only of individual animals but also of the whole herd.
Key words:AMS, energy failure, milk yield, stable 4.0, animal welfare

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"Effects on the Milk Yield caused by an AMS Energy Failure"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Power Quality Improvement of a Distributed Generation Power System
  Panga Harish, K. Madhavarao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The aim of this work is to improve the power quality for Distributed Generation (DG) with power storage system. Power quality is the combination of voltage quality and current quality. Power quality is the set of limits of electrical properties that allows electrical systems to function in their intended manner without significant loss of performance or life. The electrical power quality is more concerned issue. The main problems are stationery and transient distortions in the line voltage such as harmonics, flicker, swells, sags and voltage asymmetries. Distributed Generation (DG) also called as site generation, dispersed generation, embedded generation, decentralized generation, decentralized energy or distributed energy, generates electricity from the many small energy sources...........
Key words:Distributed generation , fuel cell , battery,squirrel-cage induction generators (SCIGs)

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Panga Harish, K. Madhavarao "Power Quality Improvement of a Distributed Generation Power System"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Equipment Inventory Management and Transaction Recording Using Bar Coding Scheme via VB6
  Geoffrey T. Salvador, PECE
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The aim of the study is to implement bar coding system developed through the VB6 and Microsoft Access as mechanism for the PUP ECE Laboratory Transaction recording and monitoring. The study was concerned on proper documenting and managing the daily transaction of the ECE Laboratory with the AutoLab System.Results showed that the AutoLab System effectively automated the recording of transactions merging the existing manual method into one recording mechanism. The Automated Laboratory coined as AutoLab merged the ECE Room Utilization Log Book, ECE Borrower's Slip and the ECE Transaction Log Book into one complete package in terms of transaction recording and equipment inventory monitoring
Key words:Equipment Inventory Management, Bar Coding, VB6

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Geoffrey T. Salvador, PECE "Equipment Inventory Management and Transaction Recording Using Bar Coding Scheme via VB6"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Verison-4

• Adaptive Fuzzy PID Based Control Strategy For 3Phase 4Wire Shunt Active Filter To Mitigate Current Harmonics Of Grid Interconnection Of Renewable Energy Based Distribution System
  Kaleemullah, Muhammad Naeem Arbaab, Amjad Khan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents a new control strategy for controlling the shunt active power filter to compensate reactive power and to reduce the unwanted harmonics. Shunt active filter act as a current source which is connected in parallel with a non-linear load and controlled to produce the required compensating current. The proposed control strategy is based on the fuzzy PID controller which is used for determining the reference compensating currents of the three-phase shunt active power filters. Simulations are carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the performance of the proposed controller. The output shows the controller has fast dynamic response high accuracy of tracking DC voltage reference and robust to load parameters variations.
Keyword: Active power filter (APF), fuzzy controller, Fuzzy PID controller, distributed generation (DG), distribution system, grid interconnection

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Kaleemullah, Muhammad Naeem Arbaab, Amjad Khan"Adaptive Fuzzy PID Based Control Strategy For 3Phase 4Wire Shunt Active Filter To Mitigate Current Harmonics Of Grid Interconnection Of Renewable Energy Based Distribution System"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor -A New Perspective In Pulp And Paper Waste Water Treatment
  K.Vaidhegi, P. Sandhiya, M.Santhiya
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The pulp and paper mill effluent is one of the high polluting effluent amongst the effluents obtained from polluting industries. All the available methods for treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent have certain drawbacks. In this work, experiments were conducted to treat the pulp and paper mill effluent using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR).The wastewater generated by these industries contains high COD, BOD, colour, organic substances and toxic chemicals. This study was carried out on laboratory scale Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor with proflex type biocarriers, where the biofilm grows on small, free floating plastic elements with a large surface area and a density slightly less than 1.0 g/cm3 ..........
Key words:Bagasse, Pulp and paper, MBBR, Biocarriers, Proflextype.

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K.Vaidhegi, P. Sandhiya, M.Santhiya "Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor -A New Perspective In Pulp And Paper Waste Water Treatment"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Multi-View Video Coding Algorithms/Techniques: A Comprehensive Study
  Shaik.Rahimunnisha, Dr.G.SudhaVani
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

For scientific exploration and visualization, Multi-view display enables a viewer to experience a 3-D environment via a flat 2-D screen. Visualization is the most effective and informative form for delivering any information. In this paper the recent developments in the multi-view video coding are reviewed such as Motion and Disparity Compensated coding, Wavelet based multi-view video coding, Spatial scalability coding etc
Key words:Multi-view video coding, Temporal and Inter-view similariies, Compression schemes

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Shaik.Rahimunnisha, Dr.G.SudhaVani "Multi-View Video Coding Algorithms/Techniques: A Comprehensive Study"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Review Paper on Power Consumption Improvements in WSN
  Mallika Mhatre
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Wireless Sensor network (WSN) is a network of low-cost, low-power, multifunctional, small size sensor nodes which are densely deployed inside a physical environment to collect, process and transmit the information to sink node. As Sensor nodes are generally battery-powered, it is necessary to balance between power consumption and energy storage capacity to sustain sensor node's operational life. Therefore one of the important challenge in WSN is to improve power consumption efficiently to prolong network lifetime by minimizing the amount of data transmissions throughout the network and maximizing node's low power residence time. In this paper, two energy optimization techniques...........
Key words:Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), low-power, power consumption, CBER, DRACER protocol, IEEE 802.15.4.

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Mallika Mhatre "A Review Paper on Power Consumption Improvements in WSN"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Study of Earthquake Forces By Changing the Location of Lift Core
  Shashwati Sanjay Vahadane, Ashok W. Yerekar Sir
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Lift core is an important element for strengthening of structure in earthquake prone area (Mw=6.5 or more). This paper deals with use of lift cores to resist the seismic forces and its effect by changing the lift core location. The study for G+5 and G+10 type frame buildings are taken under consideration. These buildings are further subdivided as per soil strata i.e. hard, medium, and soft. Two locations of lift core considered for studies i.e. centre core and corner core. Zone V is considered for all buildings which will cause maximum base shear to the structure. Study is focused on comparative static and dynamic analysis which will show graphical representation of G+5 and G+10 building along with soil type. Economy is studied in analysis.
Key words:Lift core location, story drift, modal analysis, base shear, DBE.

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Shashwati Sanjay Vahadane, Ashok W. Yerekar Sir "Study of Earthquake Forces By Changing the Location of Lift Core"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Cemeteries heavy metals concentration analysis of soils and the contamination risk for the surrounding resident population
  Alcindo Neckel, Affonso Celso Gonçalves Junior, Lauro André Ribeiro, Caliane Christie Oliveira de Almeida Silva, Grace Tibério Cardoso
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This research aims to quantify and analyze the levels of soil contamination by heavy metals in three cemeteries located in the city of Carazinho-RS, Brazil. The decomposition of buried bodies in traditional cemeteries releases high amounts of heavy metals into the ground, which compromises population settlements near the cemeterial areas. In each of the three selected cemeteries (A, B and C), five sampling points were determined through the Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) method. The depths to collect the samples were 0-20cm and 20-40cm. Four sample sites outside the cemeteries (for the same depths), 100m away from each other were also defined in order to obtain a triangulation of up to 400m away from each analyzed cemetery........
Key words:Urban expansion, cemeteries, heavy metals, contamination

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Alcindo Neckel, Affonso Celso Gonçalves Junior, Lauro André Ribeiro, Caliane Christie Oliveira de Almeida Silva, Grace Tibério Cardoso "Cemeteries heavy metals concentration analysis of soils and the contamination risk for the surrounding resident population"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Effect of Water Shortage on Water Quality of Different Resources in Jerash Governorate/Jordan, Based On New Water Quality Index
  Eham Al-Ajlouni, Samia Abdel Hamid, Linda Saad, Mohammad Subbarini, Ashraf Wahdan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The individual average of water share In Jerash governorate is only 71 litres per day and that is the lowest allotment in Jordan. The aim of the study is to assess water quality of different resources in Jerash governorate, based on demographic, chemical and biological changes within a period of 11 years. Cluster survey method was applied and samples of drinking water were taken from different resources. Water of municipality and bottled groundwater resources were of acceptable quality; groundwater of tanker trucks and wells were also acceptable except that of high level of nitrate; spring water and harvested rainwater were potentially not safe and susceptible for biological contamination............
Key words:Falkenmark indicator, Gleick scarcity index, Jerash governorate, Water quality, Water shortage.

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Eham Al-Ajlouni, Samia Abdel Hamid, Linda Saad, Mohammad Subbarini, Ashraf Wahdan "The Effect of Water Shortage on Water Quality of Different Resources in Jerash Governorate/Jordan, Based On New Water Quality Index"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Loss Calculation in Free Space Optical Communications
  Mr. Mr.G.Subba Rao, Mr.Hinsermu Alemayehu, Mr.Temesgen Bailie, Mr.Hari Hara P Kumar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Free space optical (FSO) system is an alternative approach to replace the general optical communication in many applications .In this system signal is propagating through the air as a transmission medium. At present FSO system are capable of handling the data up to 2.5 Gbps. It supports audio, video and data through air as a transmission media. This will use optical carrier in the infrared and visible regions to establish the links. In this paper we calculated different losses in the system and specified various advanced methods for the future FSO. It also finds in many applications such as Military, Metro network extension, Telecommunication networking and Last-mile access.
Key words:Scintillation, Geometric loss, divergence angle, attenuation loss, Tracking Mechanism

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Mr. Mr.G.Subba Rao, Mr.Hinsermu Alemayehu, Mr.Temesgen Bailie, Mr.M.V.P.H.Pavan Kumar "Loss Calculation in Free Space Optical Communications"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Method to Measure Displacement and Velocityfrom Acceleration Signals
  Said M. S. Rocha, José Flávio S. Feiteira, Priscila S. N. Mendes, Uile P. B. Da Silva, Rômulo F. Pereira
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper discusses a methodology for measuring the displacement and velocity vibration of a structure from a noisy acceleration signal. Digital FIR (finite impulse response)filters were used to remove the noise present in the signal as well to eliminate numerical integration problems which produce offsets in velocity and displacement amplitudes. The choice of this type of filter aims to prevent the signal delay that may cause distortions in numerical integration process. To validate this methodology the defined procedure was applied to determine the deflection history of a beam with random excitation base. The acceleration signals considered as input data were obtained from two piezoelectric accelerometers used to measure the vibration of the base and the beam response...........
Key words:Accelerometer signal integration, Digital filter, Displacement and velocitymeasurements

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Said M. S. Rocha, José Flávio S. Feiteira, Priscila S. N. Mendes, Uile P. B. Da Silva, Rômulo F. Pereira "Method to Measure Displacement and Velocityfrom Acceleration Signals"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Skin Cancer Detection
  N. Durga Rao, Dr.G.Sudhavani
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In recent days, skin cancer is seen as one of the most Hazardous form of the Cancers found in Humans. Skin cancer is found in various types such as Melanoma, Basal and Squamous cell Carcinoma among which Melanoma is the most unpredictable. The detection of Melanoma cancer in early stage can be helpful to cure it. Computer vision can play important role in Medical Image Diagnosis and it has been proved by many existing systems. In this paper, we present a survey on different steps which are being to detect the Melanoma Skin Cancer using Image Processing tools. In every step, what are the different methods are be included in our paper.
Key words:ABCD Rule, Melanoma, preprocessing, segmentation

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N. Durga Rao, Dr.G.Sudhavani "Skin Cancer Detection"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Benefits of the use of thermal insulation in a naturally ventilated residential building in Brazilian temperate climate
  Vinícius Linczuk, Fernando Simon Westphal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The use of thermal insulation is not a common practice in civil construction in Brazil. The national standard for thermal performance and the energy efficiency labeling program do not require the use of thermal insulation in the building envelope, even for the hottest and for the coldest regions of the country. Brazil has a temperate climate region that covers 7.2% of its territory and contains important and populous cities. This paper explores the benefits of the use of thermal insulation in dwellings located in that climate. A heat balance analysis was conducted in the computational model of a naturally ventilated single-family residential building. The simulation task was carried out in the EnergyPlus software with the use of weather files of three cities, classified as temperate climates........
Key words:building simulation, temperate climate, thermal insulation, residential building

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Vinícius Linczuk, Fernando Simon Westphal "Benefits of the use of thermal insulation in a naturally ventilated residential building in Brazilian temperate climate"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-5

• Secure Distributed Collection of Data Using Participator Sensing Paradigm
  CH.Aravind Kumar, SravanKumar.B
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Distributed collection of data has been made possible with the deployment of sensor devices across many geographical areas. Mobile phone users who employ sensors to acquire local knowledge pertaining to temperature, product pricing, transportation facilities and so on can participate in the network that is distributed in nature. Such network can acquire varied knowledge from diversified geographical locations. This kind of knowledge acquisition from across the globe is known as participatory sensing (PS). Of late it has become ubiquitous and rigorous research is on this field. Cristofaro and Soriente studied the operations of PS recently and came to know the fact that participation of mobile users is at risk when incentives or not considered and the users' privacy is at stake...........
Keyword: Security, distributed collection of data, participatory sensing, and wireless sensor devices

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CH.Aravind Kumar, SravanKumar.B"Secure Distributed Collection of Data Using Participator Sensing Paradigm"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Seasonal Variation of Groundwater Quality in Parts of Y.S.R and Anantapur Districts, Andhra Pradesh, India
  V. Sunitha, J. Abdullah Khan, M. Prasad, M. Ramakrishna Reddy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Groundwater is used for domestic, industrial water supply and for irrigation all over the world. The groundwater quality is a function of natural processes as well as anthropogenic activities. The safe potable water is enormously essential for living and groundwater is one of the sources for human consumption in both urban as well as rural areas. The area is located in the survey of India toposheet Number 57 J/3 lying between east 78000'0'' to 78015'0" longitudes and 14015' 0'' to 14030'0'' North latitudes covering an area of 720 sq. kms. Geologically, it is underlain mainly by Peninsular gneisses of Archean age followed by Gulcheru and Vemapalli formations comprising quartzites, conglomerates, dolomites and shales...........
Key words:Seasonal variation, Groundwater quality, Y.S.R, Anantapur Districts

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V. Sunitha, J. Abdullah Khan, M. Prasad, M. Ramakrishna Reddy "Seasonal Variation of Groundwater Quality in Parts of Y.S.R and Anantapur Districts, Andhra Pradesh, India"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• On-state Torque Optimization for Synthesized MR Fluid
  S. K. Mangal, Kapil Munjal, Vivek Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Magneto-Rheological (MR) fluids are the suspension of magnetizable particles in a carrier fluids and their rheological properties viscosity etc. can be changed by varying the magnetic field applied to it. Due to such variable characteristics, these MR fluids find wide application in various automotive industries devices e.g. MR brakes and MR clutches etc. In MR brakes, the MR fluids generate a resisting torque (between housing and rotor) within milliseconds on the application of magnetic field. In the present work, the optimal values of MR fluid constituents is obtain which give the high values of on-state torque. For this, 18 samples of MR fluids are prepared and their compositions are selected using L-18 orthogonal array.........
Key words:ANOVA technique, High on-state torque, Magneto-Rheological, Orthogonal Array,

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S. K. Mangal, Kapil Munjal, Vivek Sharma "On-state Torque Optimization for Synthesized MR Fluid"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Finite Element Modeling for Effect of Fire on Steel Frame
  Mr.Madan M. Awatade, Dr.C.P.Pise, Prof.D.S.Jagatap, Prof.Y.P.Pawar , Prof.S.S.Kadam,Prof.C.M.Deshmukh, Prof.D.D.Mohite
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This research is intended to be preliminary study lending to the detailed behavior of steel member i.e. Plane Frame. This paper shows the behavior of steel structures in fire the use of steel in building construction and its behavior when exposed to fire is presented. Fire performance of structural steel at elevated temperature includes the study of steel frame subjected to fire. Also the effect of stress strain temperature on the fire performance of structural steel should be observed. The behavior of a steel frame in a fire depends on many factors including the properties of the steel and the coating material on it.............
Key words:Steel frame, Elevated temperature, Fire performance, Stress-Strain, Finite Element Model (FEM).

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Mr.Madan M. Awatade, Dr.C.P.Pise, Prof.D.S.Jagatap, Prof.Y.P.Pawar , Prof.S.S.Kadam,Prof.C.M.Deshmukh, Prof.D.D.Mohite "Finite Element Modeling for Effect of Fire on Steel Frame"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Identification of Sex of the Speaker With Reference To Bodo Vowels: A Comparative Experimental Study
  M.K.Deka, B. Sarma, P.H. Talukdar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This work presents an application of Fundamental Frequency (Pitch), Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficient (LPCC) and Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) in identification of sex of the speaker in speech recognition research. The aim of this article is to compare the performance of these three methods for identification of sex of the speakers. A successful speech recognition system can help in non critical operations such as presenting the driving route to the driver, dialing a phone number, light switch turn on/off, the coffee machine on/off etc. apart from speaker verification-caste wise, community wise and locality wise including identification of sex..........
Key words:Fundamental Frequency or Pitch, Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficient (LPCC), Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC), sex of speakers, Bodo Language

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M.K.Deka, B. Sarma, P.H. Talukdar "Identification of Sex of the Speaker With Reference To Bodo Vowels: A Comparative Experimental Study"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Energy Storage: CFD Modeling of Phase Change Materials For Thermal Energy Storage
  M. Auriemma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

To optimize the utilization of thermal conversion systems it is needed to integrate them with thermal energy storage. Between many types of base materials, the phase change materials (PCMs) are the most adequate mediums to store and release the thermal energy. PCMs have high latent heat of fusion and, in general, low thermal conductivity, therefore, nanomaterials are used as additives to enhance the properties of base materials as PCMs.........
Key words:CFD, Nanofluids, Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles, PCM,TES

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M. Auriemma "Energy Storage: CFDModeling of Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of MR Fluid Damping during Milling of CFRP Laminates
  Hakeemuddin Ahmed, N.Seetharamaiah, M. Manzoor Hussain
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Machining of fiber reinforced composites is an essential activity taken up in order to integrate them with other components. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are difficult to machine owing to the non-homogeneity of their constituent materials and abrasive nature. As these materials involve more than one phase, the variation of cutting forces is rather large, which leads to tool chatter and poor surface finish. Therefore the proper selection of the tool, process parameters and the ability to control the machining forces would result in better tolerances and improved surface finish.............
Key words:Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), End milling, Magneto-Rheological (MR) fluid damping, Tool deflection

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Hakeemuddin Ahmed, N.Seetharamaiah, M. Manzoor Hussain "Effect of MR Fluid Damping during Milling of CFRP Laminates"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Growth and Characterization of Morpholium Cadmium Aceto-perchlorate Single Crystal
  D. Shyamala, R. Rathikha, K. Gomathi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In the search for novel crystal with promising nonlinear optical properties an attempt is made to grow morpholium cadmium aceto-perchlorate single crystals. The title compound is synthesized by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The powder X-ray diffraction pattern has been recorded and the various planes of reflections are identified. The transmittance spectrum of the crystal in the UV–Vis region has been obtained. Using the FTIR spectrum, the vibrational modes of the crystal is analysed and the presence of cadmium in the crystal is confirmed.............
Key words:Optical materials, Crystal growth, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction, Dielectric properties

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D. Shyamala, R. Rathikha, K. Gomathi "Growth and Characterization of Morpholium Cadmium Aceto-perchlorate Single Crystal"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• On The Substitution of Energy Sources: The Effect of Flex Fuel Vehicles in the Brazilian Light Road Transportation Revisited
  Arlindo Kamimura, Geraldo F. Burani, Ildo L. Sauer
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The substitution process resultant of the competition between two energy sources for the same market based on dynamic forecasting model derived from biomathematics, previously applied by authors in the Brazilian gasoline/hydrated ethanol consumption market is analyzed. The hydrated ethanol restriction supply due to decreasing production as a consequence of international price of sugar increasing was the prevailing motive of the forecast breaking. Again the stop and go process adopted by sugarcane private sector was the main reason of hydrated ethanol decreasing production.
Key words:Biomass fuel; Fossil fuel substitution; Market share

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Arlindo Kamimura, Geraldo F. Burani, Ildo L. Sauer "On The Substitution of Energy Sources: The Effect of Flex Fuel Vehicles in the Brazilian Light Road Transportation Revisited"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• VANET: Technical and Future Challenges with a Real Time Vehicular Traffic Simulation
  Hayder Khzaali
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

VANET or Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network is a special type of MANET or Mobile Ad-Hoc Network that is designed specifically for communications between vehicles or V2V and vehicles to infrastructure or V2I. There is a lot of studies and research that has been dedicated to study this technology due to its importance and necessity in our life. The fact that each and every module presented must be tested thoroughly before putting it into action, as there will be severe consequences in case of a system malfunction especially if it's a vehicular design problem..........
Key words:Ad-Hoc Networks, DSRC, MANET, OpenStreetMap, SUMO, VANET, V2I, V2V.

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Hayder Khzaali "VANET: Technical and Future Challenges with a Real Time Vehicular Traffic Simulation"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Improving Hiding Security of Arabic Text Steganography by Hybrid AES Cryptography and Text Steganography
  Assist Prof. Dr. Suhad Malalla, Msc.Farah R. Shareef
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Steganography and cryptography are main tools for secure the information. The integration of steganography with cryptography to secure communication, is an application that integrate Steganography techniques with Cryptography techniques to get more secure communication method. This paper aim to design a system with more sturdy security, by hybrid AES cryptography and text steganography. In this paper we proposed a method that encrypt secret message and then embedding it in cover text. This done by scrambled secret message first through AES encryption algorithm then hiding it into Arabic cover text. This paper also study the efficient embedding technique that can be used for hiding the encrypted data in cover text to hide it from attackers and sent message to the receiver in a safe mode.
Key words:Security System, Hiding Data, Steganography, Cryptography, AES

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Assist Prof. Dr. Suhad Malalla, Msc.Farah R. Shareef "Improving Hiding Security of Arabic Text Steganography by Hybrid AES Cryptography and Text Steganography"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design and Implementation of Digital Chebyshev Type II Filter using XSG for Noise Reduction in ECG Signal
  Kaustubh Gaikwad, Mahesh Chavan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

ASIC Chips and Digital Signal Processors are generally used for implementing digital filters. Now days the advanced technologies lead to use of field programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for the implementation of Digital Filters.The present paper deals with Design and Implementation of Digital IIR Chebyshev type II filter using Xilinx System Generator. The Quantization and Overflow are main crucial parameters while designing the filter on FPGA and that need to be consider for getting the stability of the filter. As compare to the conventional DSP the speed of the system is increased by implementation on FPGA............
Key words:XSG, Chebyshev Filter, Noise Reduction, ECG Signal

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Kaustubh Gaikwad, Mahesh Chavan "Design and Implementation of Digital Chebyshev Type II Filter using XSG for Noise Reduction in ECG Signal"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Spalling Assessment of Self-Compacting Concrete with and Without Polypropylene Fibres at Elevated Temperatures
  Qahir N. S. Al-Kadi, Mahmoud B. Alhasanat, Arabi N. S. Al Qadi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This research presents an experimental study on the spalling of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with and without polypropylene (PP) fibres subjected to elevated temperatures and at 2 and 4 hour exposure times. The results showed spalling occurred in all specimens that did not contain PP fibre in the concrete mixture above 400oC. On the other hand, spalling did not occur in specimens containing PP fibres above 0.05 % by volume. Spalling resistance performance was significantly improved........
Key words:Spalling; Polypropylene; ISAT; Weight Loss; Self-Compacting Concrete.

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Qahir N. S. Al-Kadi, Mahmoud B. Alhasanat, Arabi N. S. Al Qadi "Spalling Assessment of Self-Compacting Concrete with and Without Polypropylene Fibres at Elevated Temperatures"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The EAOO-H Design Model for Transformation of WebGRL based Web Applications
  Sangeeta Srivastava, Rohan Rajiv Saxena, Vandana Gupta
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In case of systematic web application development. The first step is to capture the requirements comprehensively both explicit and implicit requirements. Further, in order to ensure a smooth conversion of comprehensive description of the requirements we need a design model that can handle the requirements captured earlier in totality. For this we need a design model that has the ability to present the different perspectives of a web application holistically. Therefore a new enhanced EAOO-H design model is presented in this paper that can capture both explicit and implicit requirements with the help of different web specific design models namely the content, navigation and the presentation models..........
Key words:EAOOH, Domain, Goal, Navigation, Presentation, WebGRL

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Sangeeta Srivastava, Rohan Rajiv Saxena, Vandana Gupta "The EAOO-H Design Model for Transformation of WebGRL based Web Applications"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-6

• Flow Modification over Rotor Blade with Suction Boundary Layer Control Technique
  Navneet Kumar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The efficiency of transonic aircraft engines depend upon the performance of compressor rotor. To increase compressor rotors performance flow separation around rotor blades must be delayed and controlled. The aim was to control the flow separation of blades using suction boundary layer control method. Rotor blade has been modelled in designing software CATIA and then a suction surface has been created on blade and then import these geometries to ANSYS-CFX 14.5 for computational analysis of flow around blades. Suction slot has been applied at the trailing edge of suction surface and Shear stress transport model has been used for computational analysis.............
Keyword: Boundary Layer, Compressor, Pressure ratio, Rotor blade, Suction

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Navneet Kumar"Flow Modification over Rotor Blade with Suction Boundary Layer Control Technique"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Hybrid system with multi-connected boost converter
  Ch Sairam, Srinivas singirikonda
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Environmentally friendly solutions are becoming more prominent than ever as a result of concern regarding the state of our deteriorating planet. This paper presents a new system configuration of the front-end rectifier stage for a hybrid wind/photovoltaic energy system. This configuration allows the two sources to supply the load separately or simultaneously depending on the availability of the energy sources. The inherent nature of this Cuk-SEPIC fused converter, additional input filters are not necessary to filter out high frequency harmonics. Harmonic content is detrimental for the generator lifespan, heating issues, and efficiency............
Key words:..............

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Ch Sairam, Srinivas singirikonda "Hybrid system with multi-connected boost converter"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Arbutin Analysis In Leaves, Fruit And Branches Of Pyrus Amygdaliformis Vill. Var. Amygdaliformis Method Optimization
  Ibrahim Bulduk, Mehtap Donmez Sahin
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Arbutin is a derivative of hydroquinone that develops naturally. It is produced in numerous plant species belonging to various families, such as Lamiaceae, Ericaceae, Saxifragaceae and Rosaceae. It is a tyrosinase inhibitor and one of its uses is as a cosmetic skin whitening agent. Pyrus amygdaliformis Vill. var. amygdaliformis, also known as the almond-leaved pear, is a species of plant in the Rosaceae family. It is native to southern Europe, the Mediterranean, and west Asia. In this study, Arbutin was analyzed in leaves, fruits and branches of Pyrus amygdaliformis Vill. var. amygdaliformis and analytical method was optimized. A modeling of the ultrasound assisted extraction of arbutin from leaves, fruits and branches of Pyrus amygdaliformis Vill. var. amygdaliformis was achieved using response surface methodology..........
Key words:Pyrus amygdaliformis Vill. var. amygdaliformis, Arbutin, Extraction, Optimization, RSM

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Ibrahim Bulduk, Mehtap Donmez Sahin "Arbutin Analysis In Leaves, Fruit And Branches Of Pyrus Amygdaliformis Vill. Var. Amygdaliformis Method Optimization"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Atomic algorithm and the servers' s use to find the Hamiltonian cycles
  M. Sghiar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Inspired by the movement of the particles in the atom, I demonstrated in [5] the existence of a polynomial algorithm of the order O(n3) for finding Hamiltonian cycles in a graph with basis E= {x0,... , xn− 1 } . In this article I will give an improvement in space and in time of the algorithm says: we know that there exist several methods to find the Hamiltonian cycles such as the Monte Carlo method, Dynamic programming, or DNA computing. Unfortunately they are either expensive or slow to execute it. Hence the idea to use multiple servers to solve this problem : Each point xi in the graph will be considered as a server, and each server xi will communicate with each other server x j with which it is connected . And finally the server x0 will receive and display the Hamiltonian cycles if they exist.
Key words:Graph, Hamilton cycles, P=NP

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M. Sghiar "Atomic algorithm and the servers' s use to find the Hamiltonian cycles"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Conceptual Model of Information Technology and Its Impact on Financial University Performance in North of Jordan
  Fawzi Altaany, Attallah Hassan Mohamed Al-Taani
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Information technology is heart of information system; however, it‟s proved information system with data, information and knowledge from the component of information technology (hardware, software, database and network communication) because they play a critical role in any organization and affects managers and their organizations in financial University performance. Information Technology can be defined as the used of electronic means which involve access storage, processing of electronic technology to handling of information. The study aimed to made Conceptual model and investigate the uses Information Technology for employee at Private University in the north of Jordan from their perspective of Users‟ satisfactions and impact of Information Technology on University performance of employee.........
Key words:Information technology, Users‟ satisfactions, financial University performance

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Fawzi Altaany, Attallah Hassan Mohamed Al-Taani "Conceptual Model of Information Technology and Its Impact on Financial University Performance in North of Jordan"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Automatically adapted metal connections by CAD / CAM technology to the irregularities of the roundtimber
  Alessandra Teribele
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The round wood, material whose need for improvement is minimal, presents itself as an efficient material for use in buildings due to its physical - mechanical properties, functional versatility and respect for environmental requirements. They are characterized by unique pieces, with tapered shape and wavy longitudinal axis, dimensional irregularities that hinder junctions and enhance the importance of connections in architectural compositions. Without the processing of woodturning that keeps the diameter of the logs constant, the joints need to be adjusted to the formal irregularities of each log by hand. With the parametric modeling and the digital fabrication, this work suggests the automatic modeling of connections adapting them to the actual measurements of the logs, reducing material losses, resistance and adjustments in the process.
Key words:Articulation; parametric modeling; round wood; scanning.

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Alessandra Teribele "Automatically adapted metal connections by CAD / CAM technology to the irregularities of the roundtimber"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design and Implementation of Ipv6 Address Using Cryptographically Generated Address Method
  Ashish Singh
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

There is always a tradeoff between privacy and the desired level of security for any internet user in the contemporary cyber world. Cyber security, of late, is paramount and its breach could lead to untoward consequences, at times, disastrous. The advent of the IPv6 provides a hope to resolve this tradeoff satisfactorily. Included in the IPV6 suite is a method for devices to automatically configure their own addresses in a secure manner. This technique is called Cryptographically Generated Addresses (CGAs). CGA provides the ownership proof necessary for an IPv6 address without relying on any trust authority. However, the computation involved in CGAs is very high, especially for a high security level defined by the security parameter (Sec)..............
Key words:Cyber security, IPv6, security parameter, granularity

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Ashish Singh "Design and Implementation of Ipv6 Address Using Cryptographically Generated Address Method"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• High Gain Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Employing FR4 Substrate for Wi-MAX, LMDS and MMDS Applications
  Gurnoor Singh Brar, Jaspreet Singh, Ekambir Sidhu
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents an antenna for WiMAX, LMDS and MMDS system applications. FR4 material has been used as substrate having dielectric constant of 4.4. The Patch, Ground and feedline are made of copper. The proposed antenna is rectangular in shape which resonate at 3.42 GHz with a bandwidth of 45MHz (3.40GHz-3.44GHz) and corresponding return loss of -32.39 dB. The performance of the antenna has been analyzed in terms of return loss (dB), gain (dB), directivity (dBi), VSWR and impedance (ohms). The proposed antenna has directivity and gain of 7.2 dBi and 7.28 dB respectively.
Key words:Directivity, gain, rectangular patch, VSWR, WiMAX.

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Gurnoor Singh Brar, Jaspreet Singh, Ekambir Sidhu "High Gain Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Employing FR4 Substrate for Wi-MAX, LMDS and MMDS Applications"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Why Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles
  K N Hota, Mir Nasser Hussain, Jagadish Nayak
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

With the more stringent regulations on emissions and fuel economy, global warming, and constraints on energy resources, the electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles have attracted more and more attention by automakers, governments, and customers. Research and development efforts have been focused on developing novel concepts, low-cost systems, and reliable hybrid electric powertrain. This paper reviews the state of the art of electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles. The rapid consumption of fossil fuel and increased environmental damage caused by it have given a strong impetus to the growth and development of fuel-efficient vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have evolved from their inchoate state and are proving to be a promising solution to the serious existential....
Key words:.....

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K N Hota, Mir Nasser Hussain, Jagadish Nayak "Why Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Investigation on Reverse Engineering for Design and Development of Mechanical Parts
  Madan Mohan Sahu, P K Das, Sai Satyananda Sahoo
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The reverse engineering has already found an extensive application in industry and other different fields. Reverse engineering (RE) is a process of taking the existing physical model and reproducing its surface geometry in three-dimensional (3D) data file on a computer-aided design (CAD) system. This paper will analyze the real situation in one industrial plant and provide comparative analysis of the application of current measuring methods and possibility of incorporating digital measurement. The reverse engineering (RE) is based on a method of reducing the time of dimensioning and modeling of mechanical parts which can be complex by geometry or dimensionally very accurate. In this paper we can give some practical examples of parts that are really produced in one manufacturing factory. Recommendation for digitalization will be of crucial importance for every company in its measurement and quality control activities.
Key words:reverse engineering (RE); manufacturing; CAD; measurement; digitalization.

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Madan Mohan Sahu, P K Das, Sai Satyananda Sahoo "Investigation on Reverse Engineering for Design and Development of Mechanical Parts"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Performance Analysis of a C.I. Engine Fuelled With Simarouba Biodiesel
  Dr Nabnit Panigrahi, Jagdish Pradhan, Dr Prabhu Prasad Mishra
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this study the energy and exergy analysis of a C.I. engine fuelled with diesel and SB20 (20% blend of simarouba oil Methyl Ester and 80% diesel) have been investigated. The study was carried out by 1st law and 2nd law of thermodynamics. It was found that fuel exergy inputs are higher than the fuel energy input and the fuel exergy of diesel is more that the biodiesel blend. The heat loss exergy of biodiesel is higher than diesel and exhaust gas exergy of biodiesel is more than diesel. The exergy destruction of diesel is more than the biodiesel blend..
Key words:Biodiesel, Diesel, Energy, Exergy

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Dr Nabnit Panigrahi, Jagdish Pradhan, Dr Prabhu Prasad Mishra "Performance Analysis of a C.I. Engine Fuelled With Simarouba Biodiesel"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Various Non-Edible Biodiesel
  Dr Nabnit Panigrahi, M Ramakotaiah, Jyotiranjan Barik
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Abstract:

The present work deals with two biodiesel blend i.e. mahua and neem. A comparative energy and exergy analysis of a 3.5 kW diesel engine using two different blends of biodiesels derived from non-edible oils with petroleum diesel. The blends were 20% biodiesel with 80% diesel by volume. Utilizing experimental data obtained from steady-state tests, balances of energy and exergy rates for the engine were determined. Then various performance parameters of the engine were evaluated from each fuel operation. It was found that the tested biodiesels offer almost the same energetic and exergetic performance parameters as petroleum diesel fuel. The analysis was conducted on per mole of fuel and on stoichiometric basis..
Key words:Diesel engine, Energy and Exergy, Mahua biodiesel, Neem biiodiesel.

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Dr Nabnit Panigrahi, M Ramakotaiah, Jyotiranjan Barik "Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Various Non-Edible Biodiesel"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Dimensioning of Transport Capacities in Railway Freight Transport by Using Fuzzy Logics Model
  Madan Mohan Sahu, P Paulpandian, Manas Kumar Samantaray
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

As any transportation system, the railway system is based on significant capital and is an important national and economic potential. In same time the economy and society need to enable efficient, massive, environmen- tally friendly, fast and quality transport. On the other hand, is engaging directly and indirectly a significant part of the work force in a society and an important part of national resources. Therefore, the transport by rail must be cost effec- tive, operationally flexible and followed by reliable and high quality service in order to make the balance of the re- quirements that arises during the planning of transportation facilities and the opportunities which are determined by the capacities. The available capacity of the rail freight and the market demand are determining their planning and alloca- tion. The planning and allocation is a very complex process that directly affects the efficiency and effectiveness of the rail transport, and by that, the efficiency and effectiveness of the economy....
Key words:modeling; dimensioning; railway freight wagons; fuzzy logic.

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Madan Mohan Sahu, P Paulpandian, Manas Kumar Samantaray "Dimensioning of Transport Capacities in Railway Freight Transport by Using Fuzzy Logics Model"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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