• A Review - Synchronization Approaches to Digital systems
  Sukanya. K, Dr. G. Laxminarayana
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Synchronization is a prime requirement in the process of Digital systems. Wherein new devices are upcoming towards providing higher service level, advanced distributed systems are been integrated onto a single platform for higher service provision. However with the integration of large processing units, the distributed processing needs a high level synchronization with minimum processing overhead. The issue of synchronization was processed by various approaches. This paper outlines a brief review on the developments made in the field of synchronization approach to digital system, under distributed mode operation.
Keyword: Digital system, Distributed system, Processing overhead, Service level, Synchronization

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Sukanya. K, Dr. G. Laxminarayana "A Review - Synchronization Approaches to Digital systems"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Assessment on the Ecosystem Service Functions of Nansi Lake in China
  Zhongyu Wang, Wang Tian, Huayong Zhang
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The assessment of ecosystem service functions is one of the focused area in modern ecological and environmental research. As a typical shallow macrophytic lake in China, Nansi Lake is selected as the study area. Based the indicator system and assessment models established in this research, the ecosystem service functions of Nansi Lake are assessed. The results show that the ecosystem service funtion of drinking water source area/aquatic product supply/ecological habitat/entertainment and landscape/ water purification function of the lakeside zone for Nansi Lake is assessed as medium (2.2)/good (3.5)/medium (3)/medium (2.55)/medium (3), and the overall ecosystem service function of Nansi Lake can be considered as ―Medium‖. The eutrophication control and ecological restoration of lakeside wetland need to be enhanced in the future.
Key words:Assessment, Ecosystem function, Ecosystem service, Ecosystem, Nansi Lake

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Zhongyu Wang, Wang Tian, Huayong Zhang "Assessment on the Ecosystem Service Functions of Nansi Lake in China"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Micro Extended[X] Enterprises & An Ea Framework Best Suited For Them
  Avinash R Padole, Sudhir W Mohod
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

"SMiXE's – Small & Micro Extended Enterprises", in automobile industry, though referred as Small & Micro, but forms a bulk or a huge base of the automobile Cluster/ Pyramid (see Fig 1 below) in terms of people employed, work done by them in tot up. It compliments the auto industry in absorbing the cost pressure and at the same time facilitates the auto industry in segregating the less efficient routine as well as menial work towards the bottom of the pyramid. Freeing the OEM to focus on their core activities. By their very "Nature & Need", SMiXE have to be very "Agile, Cost Competitive and Adaptive" by their "Nature", as all OEM's (Global & Local) are being forced to adapt new, improved, environment friendly and fuel efficient standards. The environment in which they (SMiXE) exist and to the very market ("Need") that they cater is very dynamic. Keeping the above mentioned points and the constraints mentioned below, in this paper we will be evaluating the best suited EA framework which will enable us in providing a viable EA solution for SMiXE's.
Keywords: Automobile Industry, Enterprise Architecture, First Tier Supplier (FTS) , Job Work, Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), Second Tier Supplier, Subcontractors , TOGAF, Zachman Framework

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Avinash R Padole, Sudhir W Mohod "Micro Extended[X] Enterprises & An Ea Framework Best Suited For Them"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Augmented Reality to Access Dam Cracks Information
  Fabiana Frata Furlan Peres, Sergio Scheer, Étore Funchal De Faria, William Antonio Da Rosa
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Augmented reality technology is a tool with great potential for application in several areas, including engineering. During the early phases of the enterprise life cycle, as design and construction, augmented reality has been widely used. Concrete dams, during operation and maintenance phase, require regular inspections as part of the necessary activities to keep their structural safety. Cracks are common pathology in these structures that must be detected, mapped and measured as their evolution may evidence structure compromising, need for maintenance or intervention. In this context this paper aims to present a prototype to access in situ the dam cracks information through the use of augmented reality, thus giving a contribution to the effectiveness and efficiency of inspections.
Keywords –augmented reality, crack, dam, dam safety, dam inspection

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Fabiana Frata Furlan Peres, Sergio Scheer, Étore Funchal De Faria, William Antonio Da Rosa "Augmented Reality to Access Dam Cracks Information"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Modelling and analysis of Single Diode Photovoltaic Module using MATLAB/Simulink
  Amit Anand, A. K. Akella
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The growing concern over environmental degradation resulting from combustion of fossil fuels and depleting fossil fuel reserves has raised awareness about alternative energy options. Renewable energy system is perfect solution of this problem. This paper presents a mathematical model of single diode solar photovoltaic (SPV) module. SPV cell generates electricity when exposed to sunlight but this generation depends on whether condition like temperature and irradiance, for better accuracy all the parameters are considered including shunt, series resistance and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. The output is analyzed by varying the temperature and irradiance and effect of change in shunt and series resistance is also observed.
Keywords:Solar photovoltaic (SPV), standard test condition (STC), mathematical model.

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Amit Anand, A. K. Akella "Modelling and analysis of Single Diode Photovoltaic Module using MATLAB/Simulink"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparative Study of Soluble, Immobilised and co-immobilized Glucose Isomerase Enzyme in the production of High Fructose syrup from molasses
  Vandana Saxena
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper represents production of high fructose syrup. For the production of High Fructose Syrup a cheap cane molasses was selected. The isomerisation of glucose to fructose experiments was conducted using soluble and immobilized glucose Isomerase enzyme. The experimental investigations covered a wide range of parameters value such as isomerisation temperature, pH range and incubation period and enzyme concentration. The paper has comparative study of soluble and immobilized Glucose Isomerase enzyme.
Keywords-High fructose syrup, immobilization, Molasses, Sweetener

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Vandana Saxena, "Comparative Study of Soluble, Immobilised and co-immobilized Glucose Isomerase Enzyme in the production of High Fructose syrup from molassesVol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Innovative Human Resource Practices In Indian Banks: A Study From Hr Manager's Perspective
  Teju kujur, Mushtaq Ahmad Shah
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Banking sector is one of the vital financial pillars of Indian economy. The liberalization policy has affected the competitiveness of banks due to the global pressures resulting into combination of Human Resource Management with business policies. The survey by Boston Consulting Group (BCG) and Indian Bank's Association (IBA) report that the Indian banking industry will face two upcoming challenges that is an economically viable solution for financial inclusion and human resources framework in next one decade. While the first challenge demands unusual innovation and experimentation, the second threatens to cripple the ability of the largest segment of the banking industry from being able to innovate and stay competitive. The unique complexities of the public sector make conventional HR solutions ineffective. The initiatives like "Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana" by the Honourable Prime Minister of India, banks contribution in the financial inclusion has boosted up, but the employee's expectations from the industry have also arisen. This calls for a need to innovate the earlier HR practices of the banks so that the employee productivity can be enhanced. This paper aims to provide an insight to such innovations, related to Human Resource Management with the help of a primary study based on the viewpoints of HR managers of six different Indian banks both from public and private sector. These innovative HRM practices have been listed under seven different heads of HRM namely recruitment & selection, training and development, performance management, compensation management, career development, employee motivation and employee security. A few of the earlier studies have also been referred for the final conclusions. The level of implementation of these innovations may not be satisfactory, yet the implementation has been started and the favourable results in the productivity will make these banks feel how important these are for their growth. It has been found that convergence of practices of new and innovative HR areas will benefit the banks to become more competitive.
Keywords - Innovations, Human Resource Management, Banking, Practices, Indian Banks

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Teju kujur, Mushtaq Ahmad Shah "Innovative Human Resource Practices In Indian Banks: A Study From Hr Manager's Perspective"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Confiscation of Duplicate Tuples in The Relational Databases
  Dr.K.VenkataRamana, Dr.G.V.Ramesh Babu
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Relational database is a collection of relations. Duplicate tuple existence is common in many real time relational databases. There is no known, simple and direct technique for finding duplicated records in relational database. In a relational database, if the same real-world entity is represented by more than one tuple, then such tuples are called duplicate tuples. Finding duplicate tuples and then replacing them by one best tuple is called a fusion operation. Whenever duplicate tuples are found in the relations of any database, those tuples must be replaced with one special best approximate tuple that represents the joint information of all the duplicate tuples. Present study proposes new techniques to find duplicate tuples and then remove those duplicate tuples with the correct real world tuples. In the first step duplicate tuples in the relation are classified based on the class label and in the second step then for each set of duplicate tuples functional dependency method or union method is applied to replace duplicate tuples with the corresponding correct real world single tuple. One possibility is to replace one set of duplicate tuples with one correct real world tuple. Another possibility is to replace two or more sets of duplicate tuples in the relation by one set of correct real world tuples. Sometimes the removal of duplicate tuples in the relations of any relational database can create referential integrity violations. All such violations must be controlled and coordinated syntactically as well as semantically in relations.
Keywords - Relational Database, Duplicate Tuples, Joins, Union

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Dr.K.VenkataRamana, Dr.G.V.Ramesh Babu "Confiscation of Duplicate Tuples in The Relational Databases"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Rainfall-Runoff Modelling using Modified NRCS-CN,RS and GIS -A Case Study
  P.Sundara Kumar, T.V.Praveen, M.A.Prasad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Study of rainfall and runoff for any area and modeling it, is one of the important aspects for planning and development of water resources. The development of water resources and its effective management plays a vital role in development of any country more particularly in India, which is an agricultural based economy. Hence it is intended to develop a model of Rainfall and runoff to a river basin and also apply the methodology to Sarada River Basin which has drainage area of 1252.99 Sq.km. The basin is situated in Vishakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The rainfall and runoff data has been collected from the gauging stations of the basin apart from rainfall data from nearby stations. MNRCS-CN method has been adopted to calculate runoff. Various hydrological parameters like soil information, rainfall, land use and land cover (LU/LC) were considered to use in MNRCS-CN method. The depth of runoff has been computed for different land use patterns using, IRS-P4-LISS IV data for the study area. Based on the analysis, land use/land cover pattern of Sarada River Basin has been prepared. The land use/land cover patterns were also visually interpreted and digitized using ERDAS IMAGINE software. The raster data was processed in ERDAS and geo-referenced and various maps viz. LU/LC maps, drainage map, contour map, DEM (Digital elevation model) have been generated apart from rainfall potential map using GIS tool. The estimated runoff using MNRCS-CN model has been simulated and compared with that of actual runoff. The performance of the model is found to be good for the data considered. The coefficient of determination R2 value for the observed runoff and that of the computed runoff is found to be more than 0.72 for the selected watershed basin.
Keywords - Watershed, Land use/Land cover, MNRCS, Rainfall-Runoff Modelling, DEM,RS and GIS

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P.Sundara Kumar, T.V.Praveen, M.A.Prasad, "Rainfall-Runoff Modelling using Modified NRCS-CN,RS and GIS -A Case Study"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Some Results on Fuzzy Supra Topological Spaces
  Manjari Srivastava
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Abstract:

In this paper we have obtained some results on fuzzy supra topological spaces introduced in [9].
Keywords -fuzzy supra topological spaces, graph, continuity

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Manjari Srivastava, "Some Results on Fuzzy Supra Topological Spaces"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Classification of storm water and sea water samples by zero-, first- and second-order derivative UV spectra and pattern recognition methods
  Melina Kotti, Eleni Kokinou, George Stavroulakis
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper deals with the quality of storm water and its recipient sea water. For this purpose, UV spectroscopy and pattern recognition methods were used. The treatment of the zero-order spectral data showed that almost all storm water samples were classified into two groups. The treatment of the first-order derivative spectral data showed that each of these groups can be divided into two subgroups, with few samples common, while the second-order derivatization has highlighted the final group of the common samples. Finally, sea water samples were classified into two groups after processing of the spectral data. The majority of the samples was classified to the first group and the rest of them to the second group.
Keywords - first order derivative spectra, sea water, second order derivative spectra, storm water, UV spectroscopy

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Melina Kotti, Eleni Kokinou, George Stavroulakis "Classification of storm water and sea water samples by zero-, first- and second-order derivative UV spectra and pattern recognition methods"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Proactive Intelligent Home System Using Contextual Information and Neural Network Approach
  Belghini Naouar , Gouttaya Nesrine , Sayouti Adil, Marah Bouchaib
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Nowadays, cities around the world intend to use information technology to improve the lives of their citizens. Future smart cities will incorporate digital data and technology to interact differently with their human inhabitants. Among the key component of a smart city, we find the smart home component. It is an autonomic environment that can provide various smart services by considering the user's context information. Several methods are used in context-aware system to provide such services. In this paper, we propose an approach to offer the most relevant services to the user according to any significant change of his context environment. The proposed approach is based on the use of context history information together with user profiling and machine learning techniques. Experimentations show that the proposed solution can efficiently provide the most useful services to the user in an intelligent home environment.
Key words:smart home, pervasive computing, recommender systems, machine learning

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Belghini Naouar , Gouttaya Nesrine , Sayouti Adil, Marah Bouchaib, "Proactive Intelligent Home System Using Contextual Information and Neural Network Approach"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Research on Optimization, Dynamics and Stability of Stair-climbing Wheelchair
  Shashank Shekhar Sahoo, Himank Kinkar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Since the invention of the wheel, man has always sought to reduce effort to get things done easily. Ultimately, it has resulted in the invention of the Robot, an Engineering Marvel. Up until now, the major factor that hampers widespread usage of robots is locomotion and maneuverability. They are not fit enough to conform even to the most commonplace terrain such as stairs. To overcome this, we are proposing a stair climbing wheelchair robot that looks a lot like a normal wheelchair but with additional stair-climbing functionality to adjust itself according to the height of the step The primarily goal of the prescribed manuscript herewith is to analyze the functional requirements, optimization methods, dynamics and stability during a tracked robotic wheelchair's climbing of stairs mechanism. At first, the mechanical structure of the wheelchair is designed and the hardware composition of its full control system is devised. Secondly, based on the analysis of its stairs‐climbing process, the dynamical model of stairs‐climbing is established by using the classical mechanics method. Next, through simulation and experiments, the effectiveness of the dynamical model, its stability evaluation and performance parameters is verified. Such procedures will help in establishing a strong fundamental foundation steps to design and develop a standalone semi-autonomous wheelchair that will help and enable a physically challenged person by leg to climb difficult terrains like staircase and speed-breakers with ease and comfort. This design encompasses Renesas's Arduino compatible GR-KAEDE boards, servo motors, high torque DC motors and various peripheral devices as incorporated in design diagram. We have also extended the application of wheelchair by integrating collision avoidance mechanism.
Keywords –Robot, Arduino, Climbing Robot, wheelchair, GR-KAEDE boards

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Shashank Shekhar Sahoo, Himank Kinkar, "Research on Optimization, Dynamics and Stability of Stair-climbing Wheelchair"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Formulation of a Combined Transportation and Inventory Optimization Model with Multiple Time Periods
  G.Krishnakumari
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Most distribution network design models existing in the literature have focused on minimizing the costs of inventory and transportation. During the analysis of supply chain of currency management problem it is observed that the transportation of currency from various sources to various destinations and the required inventory to be maintained to meet the emerging demands requires formulation of a combined problem. This framework aims to support the coordination of inventory and transportation activities to properly manage the inventory profiles and currency flows between source locations and distribution centers. This paper considers a multi-period inventory and transportation model for a single commodity. The key contribution of this paper is, a mathematical programming formulation of transportation cum inventory problem is proposed and an algorithm for this new formulation as a multi period decision process is intended. A numerical example of currency transportation cum inventory is presented to illustrate the proposed algorithm.
Keywords: Transportation, and Inventory, Supply chain, Algorithm, multi- period.

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G.Krishnakumari, "Formulation of a Combined Transportation and Inventory Optimization Model with Multiple Time PeriodsVol. 6 - Issue 3 (March- 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Industrial Applications of Automatic Speech Recognition Systems
  Dr. Jayashri Vajpai, Avnish Bora
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Current trends in developing technologies form important bridges to the future, fortified by the early and productive use of technology for enriching the human life. Speech signal processing, which includes automatic speech recognition, synthetic speech, and natural language processing, is beginning to have a significant impact on business, industry and ease of operation of personal computers. Apart from this, it facilitates the deeper understanding of complex mechanism of functioning of human brain. Advances in speech recognition technology, over the past five decades, have enabled a wide range of industrial applications. Yet today's applications provide a small preview of a rich future for speech and voice interface technology that will eventually replace keyboards with microphones for designing human machine interface for providing easy access to increasingly intelligent machines. It also shows how the capabilities of speech recognition systems in industrial applications are evolving over time to usher in the next generation of voice-enabled services. This paper aims to present an effective survey of the speech recognition technology described in the available literature and integrate the insights gained during the process of study of individual research and developments. The current applications of speech recognition for real world and industry have also been outlined with special reference to applications in the areas of medical, industrial robotics, forensic, defence and aviation.
Keywords – Artificial Intelligence, Automatic Speech Recognition, Human Machine Interface, Voice User Interface

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Dr. Jayashri Vajpai, Avnish Bora "Industrial Applications of Automatic Speech Recognition Systems"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Data Leakage Detection and Security Using Cloud Computing
  S.Geetha , M.Nishanthini, G.Shanthi, K.Sivabharathi, M.Suganya
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The data owner will store the data in the cloud. Every user must registered in the cloud. Cloud provider must verify the authorized user. If someone try to access the account, data will get leaked. This leaked data will present in an unauthorized place (e.g., on the internet or someone's laptop). In this paper, we propose Division and Replication of Data in the Cloud for Optimal Performance and Security (DROPS) that collectively approaches the security and performance issues. In DROPS methodology, we have to select the file and then store the particular file in the cloud account. In order to provide security we are going to implement DROPS concepts. Now we divide the file into various fragments based on the threshold value. Each and every fragments are stored in the node using T-Coloring. After the placement of fragments in node, it is necessary to replicate each fragments for one time in cloud
Keywords: Data leakage, cloud security, fragmentation, replication, performance.

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S.Geetha , M.Nishanthini, G.Shanthi, K.Sivabharathi, M.Suganya "Data Leakage Detection and Security Using Cloud Computing"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design and Simulation of a Fractal Micro-Transformer
  Sahil Kumar Bhagat, Navdeep Batish
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Due to advancement in smart technologies, the issues like renewable energy integrations into the existing power systems, reduced weight and size of power equipments is required. In this regard, this work is focused on the study and design of fractal type micro-transformer for day-to-day applications. An air core transformer is designed using finite element modeling. The obtained results showed far better implementation parameters in comparison to the macro transformers.
Keywords: Finite element modeling, micro-transformer, 2D simulation, energy conversion, magnetic field.

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Sahil Kumar Bhagat, Navdeep Batish, "Design and Simulation of a Fractal Micro-Transformer"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Overview of the Entrepreneurial Process in Distance Education (DE) of UNESA
  Ricardo Gaz
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This article presents a panoramic view of entrepreneurship of Distance Education (DE) at UniversityEstácio de Sá (UNESA) of Brazil. It is based on field research, interviews and bibliographical research on the processes of teaching and learning in Distance Education (DE), especially those used in academic education. The aim of this article is to show the existence of the entrepreneur process in the Distance Education of University Estácio de Sá (DE-UNESA). To this end, the article takes a qualitative approach denoting interpretative grounds and connects the entrepreneurial process with the DE-UNESA. It presents a graphic illustrating the entrepreneurial process model by adding the factor-educator or educational. In addition, describes information about DE-UNESA backdrop developer of a continuous educational entrepreneurship.
Keywords:Distance Education (DE), Education, Entrepreneurship

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Ricardo Gaz, "An Overview of the Entrepreneurial Process in Distance Education (DE) of UNESA"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Digitization of Speedometer Incorporating Arduino and Tracing of Location Using GPS in Railways
  P.John Samuel, P.C.Naveena Shri,S.Ravikumar,S.Sreenidhi B.Sugan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper deals with the method of telemetric field which has grown exponentially in recent years. A correct characterization is to handle, analyze the signals from the sensor which switches, positions and detects the speed. Placing the sensor on the wheels of the train, a continuous pulse train of signal will be proportional to train speed and it is sent toArduino microcontroller to analyze, process and simultaneously data will be stored in memory and displayed. In addition, GPS is used to trace the current location and it is viewed with the help of LCD placed in every compartment. Thus the simulation has been carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Both the simulation and experimental results under diverse conditions are presented to clearly describe the process of characterization of our system.
KEY WORDS:Arduino Microcontroller, GPS, Memory, Sensors

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P.John Samuel,P.C.Naveena Shri,S.Ravikumar,S.Sreenidhi B.Sugan, "Digitization of Speedometer Incorporating Arduino and Tracing of Location Using GPS in Railways"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A PID Controller with Anti-Windup Mechanism for Firminga Carbon Steel
  Ramakrishnan Sumathi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this Paper, a classical PID controller with anti-windup technique is employed for controlling the microstructure development during hot working process. The strength of any material is dependent on the grain size of that material [4], [9]. The strength of the material is increased when its grain size is reduced. In this paper, the standard Arrehenious equation of 0.3% carbon steel is utilized to obtain an optimal deformation path such that the grain size of the product should be 26m. The 0.3% carbon steel improves in the machinability by heat treatment [8]. It must also be noted that this steel is especially adaptable for machining or forging and where surface hardness is desirable. The plant model is developed with grain size. The effect of process control parameters such as strain, strain rate, and temperature on important microstructural features can be systematically formulated and then solved as an optimal control problem. These approaches are applied to obtain the desired grain size of 26m from an initial grain size of 180m. The simulation is done on various grain sizes using the controller by MATLAB simulink toolbox. From the response it is found that the PID controller with anti-windup provides better performance. Resulting tabulated performance indices showed a considerable improvement in settling time besides reducing steady state error..
KEY WORDS:Carbon steel, strain, strain rate, temperature, PID Controller, anti-windup.

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Ramakrishnan Sumathi "A PID Controller with Anti-Windup Mechanism for Firminga Carbon Steel"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparative Analysis of Different Wavelet Functions using Modified Adaptive Filtering Based on Wavelet Transform
  Roopkanwal, Sangeet Pal Kaur
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The traditional method of wavelet denoising is inefficient in removing the overlap noise between noisy signal and noise, due to which a modified adaptive filtering based on wavelet transform method is introduced. The method used in this paper filters out the noise on the basis of wavelet denoising using different wavelet functions. The simulation results indicate the Signal to Noise ratio (SNR), Mean Square Error (MSE) and signal error power spectral density comparison plot between different wavelet functions. These comparison results verified that Daubechies is more efficient than other wavelet functions in filtering out noise in all perspectives.
Keywords:Adaptive Filtering, Denoising, Wavelet function, Wavelet transform, Weight

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Roopkanwal, Sangeet Pal Kaur "Comparative Analysis of Different Wavelet Functions using Modified Adaptive Filtering Based on Wavelet Transform"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Water Quality of River Musi during 2012-2013, Telangana, India
  T.Vidya Sagar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The River Musi flows for about 256 Kms in Telangana from its origin of Ananthagiri Hills, Vikarabad to confluence with River Krishna near Vajeerabad. The Lakes Osmansagar on Musi and Himayatsagar on Esi a tributary of Musi are constructed in 1920, 1927 with catchments 738, 1311 Sq. Km and storage capacities 110.4, 84.02 MCM (Million Cubic Meters), respectively, after city of Hyderabad experiencing worst floods to River Musi on 28th September 1908. Government of Andhra Pradesh had issued orders G.O.Ms.No.111, M.A., Dated 8th March, 1996 for the protection of catchment areas, 10 Km radius of the full tank level of Himayatsagar and Osmansagar Lakes. Many lakes/ tanks dug in centuries back for drinking and irrigation in the down stream catchment in HMDA area are encroachments in lost five decades, and domestic / industrial increased demand of water due to population explode make the drains joining to river course limited to River Musi for irrigation throughout the year in down course. The TDS concentration in River Musi is increased more than three fold at down stream of HMDA area against supply water (< 300 mg/L), indicate the volume of pollution.
Keywords - Himayatsagar, Osmansagar, Narayanarao Katwa, Musi reservoir

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T.Vidya Sagar, "Water Quality of River Musi during 2012-2013, Telangana, India"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Integration Planning and Operation Scheduling of Distribution Generation for Home Appliances
  M. Nageswara Rao, R. Srinivasa Rao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Use of distributed renewable energy sources for domestic energy consumption will increase in near future due to its advantages as being clean and infinite energy generation possibility. This trend allows more efficient energy consumption because of reducing distribution losses and dependence of domestic appliances to grid distribution. Electrical energy is an essential ingredient for the development of a nation. In this paper, it is proposed grid connected solar PV without and with battery at domestic level to minimize the load on live grid during peak time, excess power export to the grid when the PV generation is more compared to connected load and increase the participation of renewable energy sources in our daily energy consumption. The decision support program enables the consumer to implement the most efficient electricity management strategy while achieving the goal of minimizing the electricity bill and to supply the quality power. The cost of investment and payback periods are computed for PV system using cost benefit analysis
Keywords – Distributed Generation, Load scheduling, Energy storage device, DSM, Net meter, Cost benefit analysis

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M. Nageswara Rao, R. Srinivasa Rao "Integration Planning and Operation Scheduling of Distribution Generation for Home Appliances"Vol. Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Investigation on Natural Circulation Loop with Nanofluid
  G.Narendar, A.V.S.S. Kumara Swami Gupta, A.Krishnaiah
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Natural circulation loops transport heat from a heat source to a heat sink by natural convection process and without the aid of pumps to circulate loop fluid to transport the heat. A vertically placed circular pipe loop is equipped with two heat exchangers placed at its lower end and top end for heating and cooling of the loop fluid respectively forms the Natural circulation loop. The fluid circulation is the result of buoyancy forces, which in turn is the result of the density differences induced by the temperature differences existing in the heat source and sink. Investigation is carried out with loop fluid as distilled water alone and also with o.25% concentration of CuO nanofluids as loop fluid at various temperatures of heat source. It is observed that natural circulation flow rates are enhanced with the use of nanofluid than with distilled water alone and also with increasing temperature of hot fluid entering into the heat source
Keywords:Natural circulation loop, nanofluid, hot end heat exchanger, cold end heat exchanger

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G.Narendar, A.V.S.S. Kumara Swami Gupta**, A.Krishnaiah, "Investigation on Natural Circulation Loop with Nanofluid"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Case Study of an Early Warning Models for the Telecare Patients in Taiwan
  Pay-Wen Yu, Tian-Shyug Lee
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

To propose a practical early warning analysis model for the telecare patients, this study applied data mining technology as a basis to investigate the classification of patient groups by disease severity and incidence using data contained in a telecare database regarding the number of a clinic. The ultimate purpose of this study was to provide a new direction for telecare system planning and developing strategies. The subject of this case study was a private clinic which is providing telecare system to patients in Taiwan, and we used three data mining techniques including discriminant analysis, logistic regression and artificial neural network to construct an early warning analysis model based on several factors such as: Demographic variables, pathological signals, health management index, diagnosis and treatment records, emergency notification signal. According the results, the telecare system can build stronger physician-patient relationship in advance through previously paying attention to patients' physiological conditions, reminding them to do self-management, even taking them to the hospital for observation. A comparison of discriminative rates showed that the artificial neural network model had the highest overall correct classification rate, 85.52%, and thus is a tool worthy of recommendation.
Keywords:data mining, Telecare, early warning system, disease severity, artificial neural network.

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Pay-Wen Yu, Tian-Shyug Lee, "The Case Study of an Early Warning Models for the Telecare Patients in Taiwan"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Hollow-Polyaniline-Sphere-Coated Sensor For Measuring Gas-Phase OH Radicals According To The Change In Electrical Conductivity
  Bao Lin, Shu-Liang Liaw
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In advanced oxidation processes, OH radicals play a crucial role in enhancing the removal efficiency of volatile organic compounds. In this paper, hollow polyaniline (PANI) spheres were coated onto a conducting ceramic honeycomb substrate to form a PANI sensor for detecting the concentration of OH radicals in the amorphous phase. The hollow PANI spheres were effectively synthesized through a double-surfactant-layer-assisted polymerization process by using Fe3O4 nanoparticle as the core template. The PANI shell thickness, morphology characterizations and specific surface area were controlled by altering the weight of aniline monomers. The electrical conductivity served as a function of the operating temperature and specific surface area, which is a characteristic behavior of conductive polymer materials in the atmosphere. At an optimized temperature of 125°C and specific surface area of 1435 m2/g, the PANI sensor reacted with a high amount of OH radicals generated from the decomposition of ozone over α–FeOOH nanoparticles. The conductometric response after the OH radical attack increased exponentially with the concentration of the OH radicals.
Keywords: electrical conductivity, OH radical, polyaniline

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Bao Lin, Shu-Liang Liaw "Hollow-Polyaniline-Sphere-Coated Sensor For Measuring Gas-Phase OH Radicals According To The Change In Electrical Conductivity"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Implementation of T-Junction Traffic Light Control System Using Simatic S7-200 Plc
  Myneni Sukesh Babu, Dr.P.V.R.L Narasimham
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A conventional traffic light control system is designed by using devices such as timers, relays and contactors etc. The critical timing operation is required to be carried out under the existence of heavy traffic situations. This conventional practice leads to many problems that need additional maintenance cost and subsequent delay for a long time. With the help of a PLC, the requirement of fast automation and effective optimization of traffic light control system can be achieved. Use of PLC helps us to develop this process not only for traffic signal on the roads, but also on the movement of trains and the transfer of containers in ports in maritime works. In order to provide a solution to the above problem, this paper introduces an execution and implementation of T-junction traffic control system using SEIMENS S7-200 PLC. Programming in PLC is written in ladder logic with the help of STEP7 MICROWIN software.
Keywords:Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), T-junction Traffic light control

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Myneni Sukesh Babu, Dr.P.V.R.L Narasimham, "Implementation of T-Junction Traffic Light Control System Using Simatic S7-200 Plc"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fusion Welding Techniques
  Ahmad A. Y. Al-Qenaei
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Welding is an art of joining two pieces of metal together permanently by melting the parts that touch. This is by raising their temperature to the fusion point so that they form a sort of pool of molten metal at the ends to the joined. Sometimes, the pool is supplemented with a filler metal forming a homogeneous mixture, which create permanent join once it is allowed to get solidify. There is wide diversity in welding technology, in this paper an introduction to fusion welding techniques with details about the applications, advantages and disadvantages of each technique will be presented.


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Ahmad A. Y. Al-Qenaei, "Fusion Welding Techniques"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-3

• Comparative Study of Girders for Bridge by Using Software
  Ms. Patil M.B. , C.M. Deshmukh, Dr.C.P.Pise, Y .P . Pawar,S .S .Kadam, D .D .Mohite, S.V. Lale
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

According to various research papers, it has been found that composite bridge gives the maximum strength in comparison to other bridges and the design and analysis of various girders for steel and concrete by using various software for composite bridge design for girder. In this project, efforts will make to carry outto check the analysis of girder by using SAP2000 software. Hence, in this project determine three girders which can be effective to the composite bridges
Keyword: T, I, Box girders, SAP2000 Software

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Ms. Patil M.B. , C.M. Deshmukh, Dr.C.P.Pise, Y .P . Pawar,S .S .Kadam, D .D .Mohite, S.V. Lale "Comparative Study of Girders for Bridge by Using Software"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Supplier Selection and Order Allocation Models in Supply Chain Management: A Review
  Brajesh Sharma, Dr. Pratesh Jayaswal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Supplier selection decisions are an important component of production and logistics management for many firms. Such decisions entail the selection of individual suppliers to employ and the determination of order quantities to be placed with the selected suppliers. This paper reviews supplier selection and order allocation models based on an extensive search in the literature (170 paper during 2000-2016) and tries to show their contribution to supply chain management. After discussing different methods and their applications, the most prevalently used approaches and criteria are presented. In the second step, different attributes of these papers are defined and finally issues for future research are recommended
Key words:Outsourcing Supplier selection Purchase Supply chain management.

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Brajesh Sharma, Dr. Pratesh Jayaswal "Supplier Selection and Order Allocation Models in Supply Chain Management: A Review"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Modelling Coupled Rotation and Microwave Heating of an Object in a Domestic Microwave Oven
  John Diamond Raj, Sohan Birla, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, S. Shanmugasundaram, S. Dhanasekaran
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Modelling of the microwave heating is vital to understand the heating characteristics of food in domestic microwave ovens. A model was developed to study the feasibility of coupling rotation of the load along with microwave heating in a microwave oven. The model was validated using a 1 % cylindrical gellan gel for 30 s heating in an 1100 W microwave oven. The temperature profiles (patterns of hot and cold spots) of the simulations showed good agreement with the experimental profiles. However the transient temperature was over-predicted in the model at all the four points monitored by an average of 14.87 °C.
Keywords: Dielectric properties, Finite element Method, Heat transfer, Heating uniformity, Microwave heating

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John Diamond Raj, Sohan Birla, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, S. Shanmugasundaram, S. Dhanasekaran "Modelling Coupled Rotation and Microwave Heating of an Object in a Domestic Microwave Oven"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The use of Cooking Gas as Refrigerant in a Domestic Refrigerator
  Igbax Saanyol Ityokumbul, Nazir Nasir Yunusa, Ogwu Ekele Augustine
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The application of cooking gas refrigerants in refrigeration system is considered to be a potential way to improve energy efficiency and to encourage the use of environment-friendly refrigerants. Refrigeration operation has been met with many challenges as it deals with environmental impact, how it affects humans and how it contributes to the society in general. Domestic refrigerators annually consume several metric tons of traditional refrigerants, which contribute to very high Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) and Global Warming Potential (GWP). The experiment conducted employs the use of two closely linked refrigerants, R600a (Isobutene) and cooking gas which is varied in an ideal refrigerant mixture of 150 g of refrigerant and 15 ml of lubricating oil (to a rating of 40 wt % expected in the compressor). The Laboratory process involved the use of Gas Chromatography machine to ascertain the values of the mole ratio, molecular weight and critical temperatures. Prode properties and Refprop softwares were used to ascertain other refrigerant properties of the mixture. The results indicated that the mixture of R600a with lubricant confirm mineral oil as being the most appropriate for the operation. The experimental results indicated that the refrigeration system with cooking gas refrigerant worked normally and was found to attain high freezing capacity and a COP value of 2.159. It is established that cooking gas is a viable alternative refrigerant to replace R600a in domestic refrigerators. Hence, its application in refrigerating systems measures up to the current trend on environmental regulations with hydrocarbon refrigerants.
Keywords –Cooking gas, Isobutene, Refrigerant

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Igbax Saanyol Ityokumbul, Nazir Nasir Yunusa, Ogwu Ekele Augustine "The use of Cooking Gas as Refrigerant in a Domestic Refrigerator"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Integrated Parametric Approach To Landfill Site Selection Fuzzy GIS-Based Technique For A Fast Growing Indian City
  Hecson Christian, Dr. J.E.M. Macwan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Landfill site selection in an urban area is a critical issue in the urban planning process because of enormous impact on the economy, ecology, and the environmental health of the region with the growth of the urbanization, larger amount of wastes are produced and unfortunately the problem gets bigger every day. A selection of proper waste disposal site is a function of many parameters can be involved under the Environment, Planning & Social Functions. GIS based mapping and subsequent image analysis is proposed to be done for each of the correlating criteria for each parameter. The fuzzy multi criteria decision making (FMCDM) is used to rank different land fill sites based on decisions given by a group of experts. The selected site can be further confirmed through GIS application. This paper highlights the explained approach.
Keywords:Landfill, Fuzzy Logic, GIS

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Hecson Christian, Dr. J.E.M. Macwan "An Integrated Parametric Approach To Landfill Site Selection Fuzzy GIS-Based Technique For A Fast Growing Indian City"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Simulation Design of DC Motor Control System Based on MC9S12D64 MCU
  Miaozhong Sun, Shihai Cui, BingFa Tan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In order to simulate motion condition of industry motor such as automobile air-conditioning motor, automobile idle valve motor and automobile water cooling motor etc., hardware and software simulation design of direct current (DC) motor control system are carried out based on MC9S12D64 MCU in this paper. Through analyzing and comparing a sampled voltage data, MCU controls a DC motor to rotate or not to rotate, and give an alarm with a buzzer and a red LED light according to requests. The scheme of hardware circuit is performed. The programming flow chart and the main programming codes are presented. This system is proved to be reliable by an experimental rig.
Keywords-MC9S12D64, analog voltage, pulse width modulation, motor control, programming

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Miaozhong Sun, Shihai Cui, BingFa Tan, "Simulation Design of DC Motor Control System Based on MC9S12D64 MCU"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Greening of Boardrooms: Influence Factors for Greening Decisions in Real Estate Sector in India
  Pundir Manju Baisoya, Dr. Singh Sanjeev
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Real estate sector in India is in a stage of transition towards "green‟-which is seen as a popular term for adopting higher sustainability goals for development projects. These sustainability goals include responses towards energy efficiency, resource minimization and ecological planning considerations. Real estate developers, planning and design professionals along with technology experts have been adopting sustainability practices for various reasons. What guides these decisions is a mix of cost, stakeholder pressure, market dynamics, environmental regulations as well as willingness of the leadership to change. The ethical and business case for environmental sustainability or "greening‟ decisions have an unclear borderline both in theory and practice. This paper, with the help of a perception survey involving sector experts and drawsinferences to identify the key influence factors in the form of drivers and barriers to greening decisions in real estate sector in India.
Keywords - Corporate Sustainability Decisions, Green Real Estate, Environmentally Responsible Developments, Sustainability Decision Making, Green Construction

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Pundir Manju Baisoya, Dr. Singh Sanjeev "Greening of Boardrooms: Influence Factors for Greening Decisions in Real Estate Sector in India"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A SECURITY BASED VOTING SYSTEMUSING BIOMETRIC
  M.Thangamani, S.Shunmathy, S.Backiyalakshmi, P.T.Aiswariya, K.Priyadharshini
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The problem of voting is still critical in terms of safety and security. This paper is about the design and development of a voting system using fingerprint to provide a high performance with high security to the voting system. Fingerprint biometrics is widely used for identification. Biometrics identifiers cannot be misplaced and they represent any individual identity. The integration of biometric with electronic voting machine requires less manpower, save much time of voters and personal, ensure accuracy,transparency and fast result in election. In this paper a framework for electronic voting machine based on biometric verification is proposed and implemented. The proposed framework provides secured identification and authentication processes for the voters and candidates through the use of fingerprint biometric.
Keywords - Fingerprint, Fingerprint sensor, minutiae, Database.

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M.Thangamani, S.Shunmathy, S.Backiyalakshmi, P.T.Aiswariya, K.Priyadharshini "A SECURITY BASED VOTING SYSTEMUSING BIOMETRIC"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Cyclic Life Establishment of First Stage Compressor Blade - Aircraft Jet Engine
  KuberaganapathiVk,Sarathkumar SebastinJ
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this project an attempt is made to identify the cyclic life, modal efficacies for assessing the life that is declared by the Original Engine Manufacturer. Using the Goodman diagram and knowing the mean stress of the blade for all rpm conditions.Keywords - Blade Performance, Compressor Blade, Cyclic Life, Designing , Fatigue, Good man diagram , Reverse engineering, S-n curve

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KuberaganapathiVk,Sarathkumar SebastinJ "Cyclic Life Establishment of First Stage Compressor Blade - Aircraft Jet Engine"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Preparation of Petroleum Product from Waste Plastic
  Abhijeet P. Akhare, Sumit S. Rathod
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The world's annual consumption of plastic materials has increased from around 5 million tonnes per year in the 1950s to nearly 100 million tonnes; thus, 20 times more plastic is produced today than 50 years ago. This implies that on the one hand, more resources are being used to meet the increased demand of plastic, and on the other hand, more plastic waste is being generated. Due to the increase in generation, waste plastics are becoming a major stream in solid waste. After food waste and paper waste, plastic waste is the major constitute of municipal and industrial waste in cities. Even the cities with low economic growth have started producing more plastic waste due to plastic packaging, plastic shopping bags, PET bottles and other goods/appliances using plastic as the major component. As landfill and incineration of waste plastic become more expensive and less accepted, because of this recycling of plastic wastes is gaining increasing importance. More emphasis is thus being given to new disposal options, which have high energy recovery values and are more environmentally attractive. Pyrolysis is one promising method for the treatment of mixed and contaminated plastic wastes. Plastics are thermally degraded to produce useful liquid hydrocarbons, which can then either be added to existing fuel or solvent product, or returned to a refinery where they can be added to the feedstock's. A simple pyrolysis reactor system is described. Results of pyrolysis tests showed that pure samples of polyolefin and Polystyrene resin can readily be pyrolysis to produce liquid yields in excess of 70%. However, liquid yields were affected by heating rates and heat loss patterns in the reactor system. Further experimental work suggests that when pyrolysis, mixed plastic wastes behave much like the resins from which they originate. In light of the results from the experiments, the technical feasibility of setting up a pyrolysis plant in Victoria to process waste plastics into liquid fuel was discussed. This study thus forms the ground work needed for the design of a small pyrolysis plant.

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Abhijeet P. Akhare, Sumit S. Rathod "Preparation of Petroleum Product from Waste Plastic"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Verison-4

• Analytical and Experimental analysis ofthermal characteristics through Triangular microchannel heat sink
  Balram Deokar, Dattatraya Nalawade, Mahesh Jagadale
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Microscale heat transfer technique is widely intended for best cooling applications in electronic devices as high heat transfer coefficients are achieved in microscale convection. In present study, analysis of thermal characteristics has been carried out by analytical calculations along with experimental investigation for a straight microchannel heat sink of equilateral triangular cross section of 173.21 μm hydraulic diameter with distilled water as the working fluid. Designed Heater input watts and Reynolds number based on flow rate are varied for optimized microchannel geometry...
Keyword: Heat transfer coefficient, Laminar flow, Pressure drop,Reynolds number&Triangular Micro channel Heat sink

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Balram Deokar, Dattatraya Nalawade, Mahesh Jagadale "Analytical and Experimental analysis ofthermal characteristics throughTriangular microchannel heat sink"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Leaching Of Oil from Neem (Azadirachtaindica) Seeds
  Kamal Eldin EltayebYassin, Esra Faisal Musa
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The objective of this research is to select the suitable solvent for the extraction of neem(Azadirachtaindica) oil from its seeds which contains, approximately, 25-45% of the oil among three tested known solvents, namely n-hexane, ethanol and benzene and comparing the extracted oil from each by the three solvents in terms of physical, chemical properties and determining which of the three solvents is better for this purpose. Leaching was done using the solid extraction method that resulted in a recovery percentage of 90.8%, 75.6% and 58% for n-hexane, ethanol and benzene respectively.
Key words:....

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Kamal Eldin EltayebYassin, Esra Faisal Musal "Leaching Of Oil from Neem (Azadirachtaindica) Seeds"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Evaluation System of Surface Water Quality in Algeria (Application on the Western Algerian Catchements)
  H. Djediai, N.berkok a , A. Kettabb, M. Hadjela
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Easily accessible surface waters remain very fragile and very vulnerable to various types of pollution. Chellif, Macta and Tafna Basins are considered as the main water resources feeding the North West of Algeria; however, protection and conservation of these water resources become the major concern of the researchers. The evaluation system of the water quality is based on the measure of physic-chemical parameters of the surface water according to the uses of water for drink, industry or agriculture.
Keywords: Water quality, Physic-chemical parameters, uses of water, quality grid

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H. Djediai, N.berkok a , A. Kettabb, M. Hadjela "An Evaluation System of Surface Water Quality in Algeria (Application on the Western Algerian Catchements)"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• New Technique Using Multiple Symmetric keys for Multilevel Encryption
  Dr.Yasir Khalil Ibrahim
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In a world of accelerating communications, cryptography has become an essential component of the modern means of communication systems. The emergence of the webas a reliable medium for commerce and communication has made cryptography an essential component. Many algorithms or ciphers are in use nowadays. The quality of the cipher is judged byits ability to prevent an unrelated party fromknowingthe original content of the encrypted message. The proposed "Multilevel Encryption Model" is a cryptosystem that adopts the basic principles of cryptography. It uses five symmetric keys (multiple)....
Keywords –Cryptography, symmetric key, ciphers, algorithms, plaintext, encryption, communication systems

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Dr.Yasir Khalil Ibrahim "New Technique Using Multiple Symmetric keys for Multilevel Encryption"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Research on the Additives of the High Performance Concrete
  Chai Ziqin
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

With the development of technologies of admixture and additive in concrete ,the technological base for making up high performance concrete has been laid. High performance concrete should have not only high strength,but also excellent durability ,relatively high temperature crack resistance and relatively high volume stability ,etc . The most effective ingredients for making up high performance concrete are super- plasticizing agent ,fly ash or slag powder ,silicon powder . Main properties and usages of these materials are briefly expounded to provide some practical guides for making up high performance concrete.
Keywords:High performance concrete, additive, admixture, material property

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Chai Ziqin "The Research on the Additives of the High Performance Concrete"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• MIMO Systems for Military Communication/Applications.
  Suresh Kumar Jindal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The Military is embracing the communication revolution, turning to a new generation of sophisticated systems to enable faster, richer, less costly, more flexible, reliable, compact, mobile, jam resistant, low probability of detection, re configurable and spectrally efficient communication. Many of these features can be added to a great extent in the existing systems, by utilising MIMO technology appropriately and judiciously. MIMO finds applications in wireless communication, NLOS communication, satellite communication, HF communication, Optical Fibre Communication....
Keywords-MIMO, Military, Satellite, HF, OFC, MBC , Channel Capacity, LPI , UAV, Aperture, Radar, Resolution , Survivability

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Suresh Kumar Jindal, "MIMO Systems for Military Communication/Applications."Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Review of Intel Galileo Development Board's Technology
  Anand Nayyar, Er. Vikram Puri
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Intel Galileo, A Smart Arduino Based Development Board is cost-effective and efficient development board by Intel Corporation. Three variants- Gen 1, Gen 2 and Edison is already being launched in the market. Intel, being a market leader in development of Processor Technology is constantly researching and improving the Galileo Technology. The board can lay strong foundation for embedded system researchers to develop various DIY projects and build more energy efficient and cost effective products taking Galileo as the central controller. The aim of this research paper is to highlight Intel Galileo Development Board Technology- Its features, Board Components, Technology Available till date and Platform for programming various projects.
Keywords - Intel, Intel Galileo, Intel Galileo-Gen1, Intel Galileo Gen 2, Intel Edison, Development Board, Arduino, Intel XDK, Arduino IDE.

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Anand Nayyar, Er. Vikram Puri"A Review of Intel Galileo Development Board's Technology"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Recent Trend: Vigorous unidentified validation access control system with Decentralization Concept in Clouds
  Y.Hymavathi, CH.Samson, B. Satyanarayana Reddy, Dr. B. Tarakeswara Rao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Service Providers can grow their business by selling our cloud authentication service that can be fully branded to the Service Provider or if required a Service. The proposed enhanced decentralized access control scheme for secure data storage in clouds that supports anonymous authentication. In the proposed scheme, the cloud verifies the authenticity of the series without knowing the user's identity before storing data. The scheme also has the added feature of access control in which only valid users are able to decrypt the stored information. The scheme prevents replay attacks and supports creation, modification, and reading data stored in the cloud.
Keywords - Data security, Key policy ABE, Cipher Text policy ABE, Key management, cloud computing, secret key.

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Y.Hymavathi, CH.Samson, B. Satyanarayana Reddy, Dr. B. Tarakeswara Rao "The Recent Trend: Vigorous unidentified validation access control system with Decentralization Concept in Clouds"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Big Data for New Industrialization and Urbanization Development: A Case Study in Chinese Cities
  Gajendra Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Industrialization and urbanization are considered as interdependent processes of recent economic development. Innovations in technology and higher affordability of electronic devices have facilitated current age of big data. Use of digital data provided modern urbanization which is an essential element of industrialization and rapid income growth globally. Most manufacturing and service production is efficient when undertaken in urbanized areas where organizations can readily follow best practice in technology and management. Over the past three decades, China has achieved enormous economic growth, accompanied by a growing number of large cities.
Keywords - Industrialization, urbanization, big data, China

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Gajendra Sharma"Big Data for New Industrialization and Urbanization Development: A Case Study in Chinese Cities"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Secure Syntactic key Ranked Search over Encrypted Cloud in Data
  Kasula Rama Gopi, Vemula Rajiv Jetson, B. Satyanarayana Reddy, Dr. B. Tarakeswara Rao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In Today‟s world cloud computing is one of the most effective data storage centre. The data owners usually want to share or outsource their data. They find cloud is the alternative storage data centre to outsource their data from local sites to cloud server. Outsourcing data will have great flexibility and economically effective. Usually outsourcing data is sensitive data. So we need to provide some security to that data. As data is sensitive we use access control mechanisms to stop accessing unauthorized users in clouds. The data must be encrypted before it is going to outsource.
Keywords - Cloud Computing, Privacy preserving, Keyword Search, Searchable encryption, Access Control.

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Kasula Rama Gopi, Vemula Rajiv Jetson, B. Satyanarayana Reddy, Dr. B. Tarakeswara Rao "Secure Syntactic key Ranked Search over Encrypted Cloud in Data"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Synthesis Of Cobalt Doped Titania Nano Materials Assisted By Various Surfactants: Characterization And Its Applications In Photocatalytic Degradation Of Acid Red And Antibacterial Activity.
  Radha Devi Chekuri, Siva Rao Tirukkovalluri
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents about the synthesis of (0.25-1.0) wt.% cobalt doped titania nanomaterials without surfactants: pure Co2+/TiO2 and in presence of 1,4-Butane sultone and 1,3-Propane sultone Anionic Gemini surfactants and CTAB (Heterogemini surfactant)-0.5wt.%Co2+/TiO2-HgS(1&2).The synthesized nano photocatalysts have been characterized by using various advanced techniques like X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Studies (FT-IR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)...
Keywords - Cobalt doped Titania nano photocatalysts, Heterogemini surfactants, sol-gel method, Photocatalytic degradation, Azo dyes, Acid Red

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Radha Devi Chekuri, Siva Rao Tirukkovalluri "Synthesis Of Cobalt Doped Titania Nano Materials Assisted By Various Surfactants: Characterization And Its Applications In Photocatalytic Degradation Of Acid Red And Antibacterial Activity."Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of Guar Flour Supplementation on Quality and Shelf Life of Muffins
  Priyanka Sharma, Amarjeet Kaur, Amritpal Kaur
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The drought resistant and lesser explored legume, Guar bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), was used to prepare muffins with higher protein content. In present study, the muffins were prepared using three varieties of treated guar flour i.e. G 80, Ageta 112, HG 365 at supplementation levels 10, 15 and 5 per cent respectively, for storage studies under different conditions. The moisture content, water activity (aw), free fatty acids, peroxide value, microbial analysis and sensory evaluation were done at a regular interval of seven days. Moisture content of muffins increased significantly with increase in time of storage under both ambient and refrigerated conditions. Water activity value increased with increase in time period under both the storage conditions.
Keywords - .......

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Priyanka Sharma, Amarjeet Kaur, Amritpal Kaur"Effect of Guar Flour Supplementation on Quality and Shelf Life of Muffins"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Multinational Corporations Development
  Prof. Dr. Afrim Loku, Mr.sc. Nadire Shehu Loku
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this article, the issues that have captured the attention of researchers in multinational corporations (MNC) are discussed and the emerging research agenda is laid out. The first part focuses on understanding the history, and contemporary scale and significance of multinationals as economic actors. Two opposing perspectives are distinguished, the economic and the political. In the past, there was a rigid divide between these but, increasingly, researchers are using elements of both perspectives to understand the dynamics of multinationals. The crucial additional feature here is the importation of insights from institutional literature on the relationship between firms and national contexts.
Keywords - Multinational corporations, research agenda, economic actors, world economy, globalization, foreign investment

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Prof. Dr. Afrim Loku, Mr.sc. Nadire Shehu Loku "Multinational Corporations Development"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Physicochemical Properties and Proposed Mechanism in the Obtainment of 4-Hidroxycoumarin Conjugated Polymers Using MALDI-T of Analysis
  Hugo A. Garro, Joaquín Morillas, Ezequiel F. Bruna-Haupt, Gabriela Petroselli, Carlos R. Pungitore, Carlos E. Tonn and Rosa Erra-Balsells
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The mechanism for the poly-condensation event of conjugated polymers with ending 4-hydroxycoumarin has been proposed. It happened under H2SO4 acidic conditions only using enolic-coumarins without any substituent at third position. It was studied using Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-Tof) mass spectrometry. Besides, some physicochemical properties were analyzed using Thermo-gravimetric (TGA), X-ray and UV-Vis analysis.
Keywords - Self-condensation mechanism, MALDI-Tof, X-ray, TGA, UV-Vis,telechelic polymer, applications

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Hugo A. Garro, Joaquín Morillas, Ezequiel F. Bruna-Haupt, Gabriela Petroselli, Carlos R. Pungitore, Carlos E. Tonn and Rosa Erra-Balsells"Physicochemical Properties and Proposed Mechanism in the Obtainment of 4-Hidroxycoumarin Conjugated Polymers Using MALDI-T of Analysis"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Wave Frequency Invariance by Mathematically Based - Model Technology
  Kharatti Lal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Frequency Invariance is an interesting complexity saving property that is shared by all the digital active suppression method described in this paper .It follows from their same basic construction with silent measurement tones and is possible due to the properties of the DFT. Frequency invariance applies both to the model based. It means that if the RF signal and to the non –model based cancellers. It means that if the RF signal changes its frequency location, the RFI estimate coefficient represented by the matrix K which are dived do not read to be re-computed This is possible to achieve provided that a few criteria, which are described below, are met.
Keywords - RFI signal, Matrix frequency, Digital frequency, Transmission, estimator coefficient,

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Kharatti Lal"Wave Frequency Invariance by Mathematically Based - Model Technology"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Role of the Biochemistry Labs in Promoting the Health Care Services for the Inpatients Diabetics in a General Hospital at Kuwait
  H.M. Alzaid, S.A. Alroomi and A.A. Sadek
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The health care in the State of Kuwait depends to a greater extent on the biochemical and clinical labs attached at each hospital. The data obtained from these laboratories will facilitate the process of diagnosing the disease accurately. This will have a positive impact on the selection of appropriate treatment for the patients in general and for diabetics specifically. The main objective of this research was to build a profile for lab analysis and a database for building a comprehensive system of integrated activities to raise health care for diabetic patients in Kuwait.
Keywords - Biochemistry laboratory, Health care services, Inpatients Diabetics, General Hospitals, Kuwait

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H.M. Alzaid, S.A. Alroomi and A.A. Sadek "Role of the Biochemistry Labs in Promoting the Health Care Services for the Inpatients Diabetics in a General Hospital at Kuwait"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Leave one out cross validated Hybrid Model of Genetic Algorithm and Naïve Bayes for Classification Problem
  Amit Saxena , Madan Madhaw Shrivas
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents a new approach to select reduced number of features in databases. Every database has a given number of features but it is observed that some of these features can be redundant and can be harmful as well as confuse the process of classification. The proposed method first applies a binary coded genetic algorithm to select a small subset of features. The importance of these features is judged by applying Naïve Bayes (NB) method of classification. The best reduced subset of features which has high classification accuracy on given databases is adopted. The classification accuracy obtained by proposed method is compared with that reported recently in publications on eight databases. It is noted that proposed method performs satisfactory on these databases and achieves higher classification accuracy but with smaller number of features.
Keywords - Data Mining, Classification, Feature selection, Naïve Bayes (NB), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV).

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Amit Saxena , Madan Madhaw Shrivas"Leave one out cross validated Hybrid Model of Genetic Algorithm and Naïve Bayes for Classification Problem"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• TA Computational Investigation of Flow Structure Within a Sinuous Duct
  Prasanta K. Sinha, Bireswar Majumdar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In the present investigation the distribution of mean velocity are experimentally studied on three constant area rectangular curved ducts with an aspect ratio of 2.4. First one is C-shape, second one is S-shape and third one is a DS-shape duct. The experiment is carried out at mass averaged mean velocity of 40m/s for all the ducts. The velocity distribution shows for C-duct, the bulk flow shifting from outer wall to the inner wall along the flow passage and for S-duct, the bulk flow shifting from outer wall to the inner wall in the first half and from inner wall to the outer wall in the second half along the flow passage of curved ducts are very instinct. Due to the imbalance of centrifugal force and radial pressure gradient, secondary motions in the forms of counter rotating vortices have been generated within both the curved duct. For DS-duct the velocity distributions shows the Bulk of flow shifting from inner watt to outer wall in the first bend and third bend of the duct and outer wall to inner wall in the second bend and forth bend of the duct along the flow passage is very instinct. Flow at end of the DS-duct is purely uniform in nature due to non existence of secondary motion. The experimental results then were numerically validated with the help of Fluent, which shows a good agreement between the experimental and predicted results for all the ducts
Keywords - C-duct, S-duct, DS-duct, Secondary Motion, Wall pressure, k-ε model, Fluent solver

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Prasanta K. Sinha, Bireswar Majumdar "A Computational Investigation of Flow Structure Within a Sinuous Duct"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Resist Dictionary Attacks Using Password Based Protocols For Authenticated Key Exchange
  NagamaniAbirami ,Jagapriya R, Kavipriya R , Nithya A
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A parallel file system is a type of distributed file system that distributes file data across multiple servers and provides for concurrent access by multiple tasks of a parallel application. In many to many communications or multiple tasks, key establishments are a major problem in parallel file system. So we propose a variety of authenticated key exchange protocols that are designed to address the above issue. In this paper, we also study the password-based protocols for authenticated key exchange (AKE) to resist dictionary attacks. Password-based protocols for authenticated key exchange (AKE) are designed to work to resist the use of passwords drawn from a space so small that attacker might well specify, off line, all possible passwords. While many such protocols have been suggested, the elemental theory has been lagging. We commence by interpreting a model for this problem, to approach password guessing, forward secrecy, server compromise, and loss of session keys.


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NagamaniAbirami ,Jagapriya R, Kavipriya R , Nithya A "Resist Dictionary Attacks Using Password Based Protocols For Authenticated Key Exchange"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Adaptive Fuzzy-Neural Control Utilizing Sliding Mode Based Learning Algorithm for Robot Manipulator
  Thuy Van Tran, YaoNan Wang
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper introduces an adaptive fuzzy-neural control (AFNC) utilizing sliding mode-based learning algorithm (SMBLA) for robot manipulator to track the desired trajectory. A traditional sliding mode controller is applied to ensure the asymptotic stability of the system, and the fuzzy rule-based wavelet neural networks (FWNNs) are employed as the feedback controllers. Additionally, a novel adaptation of the FWNNs parameters is derived from the SMBLA in the Lyapunov stability theorem. Hence, the AFNC approximates parameter variation, unmodeled dynamics, and unknown disturbances without the detailed knowledge of robot manipulator, while resulting in an improved tracking performance. Lastly, in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the comparative simulation results of two-degrees of freedom robot manipulator are presented.
Keywords - traditional sliding mode control (TSMC), adaptive fuzzy neural control (AFNC), fuzzy rule-based wavelet neural network (FWNN), sliding mode-based learning algorithm (SMBLA), degrees of freedom robot manipulator (DOFRM)

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Thuy Van Tran, YaoNan Wango "Adaptive Fuzzy-Neural Control Utilizing Sliding Mode Based Learning Algorithm for Robot Manipulator"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Strategies and Modeling of Reverse Logistics Networks of an Industry in India.
  Sanjeev Kumar , Mahesh Kumar Gupta
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Among the various aspects of SCM, emphasis has been placed on reverse logistics: closing the loop of a supply chain by integrating waste materials into logistic management decisions. Logistics network design is commonly recognized as a strategic supply chain issue of prime importance. While consumers traditionally dispose of products at the end of their life cycle, product take-back legislations introduced by governments shift this responsibility from consumers to manufacturers. As a result, manufacturers have to collect products at the end-of-life (EOL) and control their recovery or disposal. Product recovery, which encompasses reuse, remanufacturing and materials recycling, requires a structured reverse logistic network in order to collect products efficiently at the end of their life cycle. Meanwhile, ever growing concern for environmental problems and pressure from the global competitive marketplace toward further improvement of customer service, have been presenting industries with a new challenge; development and management of effective reverse logistics processes. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview to reverse logistics, and to provide insights on how to manage the creation of economically efficient EOL product returns and recycling practice in an Industry of India.
Keywords - Reverse Supply Chain. Recycling, Remanufacturing. End-of-life product, Closed-loop supply chain, Swot.

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Sanjeev Kumar , Mahesh Kumar Gupta "Strategies and Modeling of Reverse Logistics Networks of an Industry in India"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Nanotechnological Innovation in Food Industry
  О.G. Burdo, A. V. Zykov, S. G. Terziev, N.V. Ruzhitskaya
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The perspectives of direct energy action (DEA) technologies are discussed. The new classification of DEA technologies is proposed. The possibilities of DEA technologies using in food nanotechnologies are analyzing. The concepts of heat mass transfer during extraction and drying are considered in terms of food industry. The hydrodynamic flows from food raw capillary structures are classified. The conditions of laminar and turbulent barodiffusion are determined. The problem of combined DEA technologies processes simulation and the objectives of experimental research are formulated. The new dimensionless number called as the number of energy action is discussed. It is shown that the impulse electromagnetic field is an effective instrument for DEA technology implementation
Keywords - barodiffusion, energy, food technologies, nanotechnology, simulation

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О.G. Burdo, A. V. Zykov, S. G. Terziev, N.V. Ruzhitskaya"The Nanotechnological Innovation in Food Industry"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Application of Rapid Bioassay Method for Assessing Its Water Purification by Ferrate (VI) Potassium
  Zarubina A.P. , Sorokina E.V., Perfiliev Y.D.
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Appreciated integral toxicity of four water samples taken from various sources, urban and rural environment, and explored some of the properties of the reagent chemical purification of water - potassium ferrate K2FeO4. These data allow suggesting for practical use test system based on bacterial luminescence for express evaluation of the toxicity of chemical reagents used for water purification, selection of their effective concentrations and optimal processing time of water samples.
Keywords - biological testing, bacterial luminescence test, ferrate potassium.

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Zarubina A.P. , Sorokina E.V., Perfiliev Y.D. "Application of Rapid Bioassay Method for Assessing Its Water Purification by Ferrate (VI) Potassium"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Development Of An Effective Industrial Maintenance Practice For Plant Optimum Performance
  Emmanuel Kobina Payne Miet, Samuel Kojo Odoom
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Plant optimization is a sound fiscal decision and this is a key attribute of good operational management. The decision to adhere strictly to the maintenance measurements, controls and efficiencies necessary for optimum performance not only enhances the plant operations, it quite often produces a safer operating facility and protects plant asset or investment. Plant operations rely on dependable acquired knowledge, skills, equipment and maintenance programs for an assured performance whiles strategies are required to be in place for equipment optimum availability to ensure system operational integrity in order to reduce costs which affect production. This optimized system would ideally give meaning to effective maintenance practice of plant equipment and accepted best maintenance management system. This paper presents a comprehensive review of characteristics of plant equipment and maintenance strategies and proposes sustainable maintenance management performance criteria. Thereby improving business, safety, equipment efficiency and sustain the environment. The goal is to achieve optimum availability and optimum operating condition of the equipment life cycle in a cost optimized approach
Keywords - Development, Maintenance, Optimization, Performance

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Emmanuel Kobina Payne Miet, Samuel Kojo Odoom"Development Of An Effective Industrial Maintenance Practice For Plant Optimum Performance"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Snorm–A Prototype for Increasing Audio File Stepwise Normalization
  Sachin M. Narangale, Prof. Dr. G. N. Shinde
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper introduces a novel concept SNORM (Step NORMalization) for increasing normalization. It is a prototype algorithm for increasing normalization based on loudness factor of the audio. The function effect normalization plays a vital role in loudness control. The proposed experiment carried out for increasing normalization based on step wise increase yield the variations in peaks of the audio file. The experimental results are shown in the form of graphical analysis of the plot spectrum values of frequency analysis. From the results, it is clearly apparent that, the normalization values are increased at different levels. The function SNORM can set a new benchmark in the field of audio industry for the processes of increasing normalization. SNORM can be substantial in the audio broadcast systems for applications in live audio streaming, news broadcast, sports coverage, live programming where the loudness control mechanism is essential. For the selective or predictive loudness control systems SNORM can be effectively applied..
Keywords - Normalization, Loudness Control, Track normalization, Audacity, Audio Retrieval, Text to Speech application, Frequency Analysis

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Sachin M. Narangale, Prof. Dr. G. N. Shinde "Snorm–A Prototype for Increasing Audio File Stepwise Normalization"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-5

• Mechanistic Aspects of Oxidation of P-Bromoacetophen one by Hexacyanoferrate (III) in Alkaline Medium
  Renu Gupta
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The kinetics of oxidation of p-bromoacetophenone by hexacyanoferrate (III) has been studied in alkaline medium. The order of reaction with respect of both acetophenone and hexacynoferrate (III) has been found to be unity. The rate of reaction increases with increase in the concentration of sodium hydroxide.On addition of neutral KCl, reaction rate increases. The effects of solvent and temperature have been also studied. The product p-bromophenyl glyoxal have been characterized by IR studies.
Keyword: p-bromoacetophenone; Hexacyanoferrate; Oxidation; Mechanism;Kinetics

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Renu Gupta"Mechanistic Aspects of Oxidation of P-Bromoacetophen one by Hexacyanoferrate (III) in Alkaline Medium"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of Rotation on a Layer of Micro-Polar Ferromagnetic Dusty Fluid Heated from Below Saturating a Porous Medium
  Bhupander Singh
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper deals with the theoretical investigation of effect of rotation on micro-polar ferromagnetic dusty fluid layer heated from below in a porous medium. Linear stability analysis and normal mode analysis methods are used to find an exact solution for a flat micro-polar ferromagnetic fluid layer contained between two free boundaries . In case of stationary convection, the effect of various parameters like medium permeability parameter, non-buoyancy magnetization parameter, micro-polar coupling parameter, spin-diffusion parameter, micro-polar heat conduction parameter, dust particles parameter and rotation parameter has been analyzed and results are depicted graphically. In the absence of dust particles, rotation, micro-viscous effect and micro-inertia, the sufficient condition is obtained for non-oscillatory modes
Key words:....

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Bhupander Singh "Effect of Rotation on a Layer of Micro-Polar Ferromagnetic Dusty Fluid Heated from Below Saturating a Porous Medium"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Electrical Evaluations of Manufactured Polyethylene Terephthalate with Dl-Alanine Bulk Films Mixture
  Thamir Salman Bachari
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Manufactured polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was mixed with different percentages by weight of DL-Alanine. PET and DL-Alanine diagnosis has been done by FTIR spectrophotometer. The electrical measurement has been done at applied dc voltage 5 volt and has been calculated. The dielectric properties have been measured and calculated. The measured dielectric properties are the quality factor (Q), dissipation factor (D), parallel resistance (Rp), series resistance (Rs), Impedance (Z), parallel capacitance (Cp), series capacitance (Cs) and phase angle (Φ). The calculated minimum and maximum electrical conductivity is 3.7*10Λ-7 S m-1 for sample (1) wt1% dl-alanine to polyethylene terephthalate weight and 787.5 S m-1 for sample (4) wt7.5% dl-alanine to polyethylene terephthalate weight. The dielectric constant (έ) was calculated; the minimum and maximum values are 1.6*10Λ3 for sample (2) wt2.5% dl-alanine to polyethylene terephthalate weight and 2.9*10Λ4 for sample (1) wt1% dl-alanine to polyethylene terephthalate weight. The calculated minimum and maximum dielectric loss(ε′′) is 136 for sample (2) and 3*10Λ4 for sample (1). The frequency dependant ac conductivity (σac), the frequency independent dc conductivity and the reactance at different percentages by weight of dl-alanine to the weight of PET has been calculated.
Keywords: PET; DL-Alanine; mixtures; FT-IR spectroscopy; electrical evaluation.

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Thamir Salman Bachari "Electrical Evaluations of Manufactured Polyethylene Terephthalate with Dl-Alanine Bulk Films Mixture""Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Enhancement in Web Service Architecture
  Prof. Seema Patil , Prof. Suman Tanwar, Prof. Manisha Tijare
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Web services provide a standard means of interoperating between different software applications, running on a variety of platforms and/or frameworks. Web services are increasingly used to integrate and build business application on the internet. Failure of web services is not acceptable in many situations such as online banking, so fault tolerance is a key challenge of web services. This paper elaborates the concept of web service architecture and its enhancement. Traditional web service architecture lacks facilities to support fault tolerance. To better cope with the fundamental issues of the traditional client-server based web service architecture, peer to peer web service architecture have been introduced. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the architecture, construction methods and steps of web services and possible weaknesses in scalability and fault tolerance in traditional client server architecture and a solution for that, peer to peer web service technology has evolved.
Keywords –Web services, fault tolerance, client-server, peer to peer

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Prof. Seema Patil , Prof. Suman Tanwar, Prof. Manisha Tijare "Enhancement in Web Service Architecture"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Numerical Simulation of Impact of Truncated Cone Projectile On Thin Aluminum Plate
  Afsar Husain
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper numerical study of normal impact of truncated cone projectile on Aluminum plate of 0.82 mm thicknessis carried out. Projectile is rigidly hardened and the major diameter and mass of projectile is taken as 12.8 mm and 25.8 g respectively. Numerical simulation is carried out on Abaqus explicit, Johnson-cock model is used to define the thermoviscoplastic behavior of the material constituting the plate, The Johnson–Cook fracture criterion has been coupled with homogeneous behavior to predict complete perforation process. Axi-symmetric simulation is performed, material properties of Aluminum is taken from previously published results, whereas projectile is taken as analytic rigid.
Keywords:Abaqus, Aluminum, Ballistic limit, Normal impact, Truncated cone projectile.

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Afsar Husain "Numerical Simulation of Impact of Truncated Cone Projectile On Thin Aluminum Plate"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Weldability of Friction Welding Process for AA2024 Alloy and SS304 Stainless Steel using Finite Element Analysis
  Chennakesava R Alavala
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The objective of this work was to assess the weldability of AA2024 alloy and SS304 stainless steel. The process parameters were frictional time, frictional pressure, rotational speed and forging pressure. The joints were evaluated for their strength, bulk deformation, penetration and flange formation employing finite element analysis software code. For friction welding of AA2024 alloy and SS304 stainless steel, the ratio of forging pressure / frictional pressure should be optimum for good welding.
Keywords - AA2024 alloy, SS304 stainless steel, frictional time, frictional pressure, rotational speed and forging pressure, friction welding.

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Chennakesava R Alavala"Weldability of Friction Welding Process for AA2024 Alloy and SS304 Stainless Steel using Finite Element Analysis"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Influence of MHD on Unsteady Helical Flows of Generalized Oldoyd-B Fluid between Two Infinite Coaxial Circular Cylinders
  Sundos Bader ,Ahmed M, Abdulhadi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Considering a fractional derivative model for unsteady magetohydrodynamic (MHD)helical flows of an Oldoyd-B fluid in concentric cylinders and circular cylinder are studied by using finite Hankel and Laplace transforms .The solution of velocity fields and the shear stresses of unsteady magetohydrodynamic (MHD)helical flows of an Oldoyd-B fluid in an annular pipe are obtained under series form in terms of Mittag –leffler function,satisfy all imposed initial and boundary condition , Finally the influence of model parameters on the velocity and shear stress are analyzed by graphical illustrations.
Keywords - --

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Sundos Bader ,Ahmed M, Abdulhadi"Influence of MHD on Unsteady Helical Flows of Generalized Oldoyd-B Fluid between Two Infinite Coaxial Circular Cylinders"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• K-Means Segmentation Method for Automatic Leaf Disease Detection
  Jimita Baghel, Prashant Jain
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Automatic detection of leaf disease is an essential research topic in agricultural research. It may prove benefits in monitoring fields and early detection of leaf diseases by the symptoms that appear on the leaves. Defect segmentation is carried out in two steps. This paper illustrates K-means clustering method for segmentation of diseased portion of leaf. At first, the pixels are clustered based on their color and spatial features, where the clustering process is accomplished. Then the clustered blocks are merged to a specific number of regions. This approach provides a feasible robust solution for defect segmentation of leaves.
Keywords - Leaf disease, image processing, k-means clustering segmentation.

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Jimita Baghel, Prashant Jain"K-Means Segmentation Method for Automatic Leaf Disease Detection"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Investigation of Different Types of Cement Material on Thermal Properties of Sustainable Concrete Mixes
  OmerDamdelen
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

One of the challenges in sustainable development is to optimize the energy efficiency of buildings during their lifespan. Nowadays the applying of different types of cements in modern concretes provide low embodied CO2 with the intrinsic property called "thermal mass" that reduces the risk of overheating in the summer and provides passive heating in the winter. Thermal mass is affected by thermal properties of concrete which it is the ability of the element to exchange heat with the environment and is based on thermal capacity, conductivity, and density. Laboratory experiments measured density, specific capacity and thermal conductivity of sustainable concrete mixes with various percentages of GGBS, PFA, SF. The results contribute to the investigation of the performance of thermal properties performance in sustainable concrete.
Keywords - Thermal mass, different types of cements ,thermal properties, sustainable concr

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OmerDamdelen "Investigation of Different Types of Cement Material on Thermal Properties of Sustainable Concrete Mixes"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Improved Bandwidth for Electromagnetic Gap Coupled Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for C Band Application
  Chandan Kumar Dubey ,Yogesh Kumar Sharma, and Vijay Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents simulation and analysis of a Stacked Electromagnetic Gap Coupled Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna (SEGCRSMPA) to increase the bandwidth. The aim of this paper is to improve the bandwidth of Electromagnetic Gap Coupled Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna (EGCRSMPA). To improve the bandwidth, stacking principle has been used. In this paper an assembly of one central rectangular patch with four triangular patches forming rhombus shaped microstrip patch antenna is discussed. IE3D simulation software is used for simulation. The performance of the proposed microstrip patch antenna is compared with that of a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna and EGCRSMPA having same dimensions. The proposed designed microstrip patch antenna offers much improved impedance bandwidth 47.62%.
Keywords - Broadband, Stacked, Electromagnetically coupled, FR4 Substrate, Gain

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Chandan Kumar Dubey ,Yogesh Kumar Sharma, Vijay Sharma "An Improved Bandwidth for Electromagnetic Gap Coupled Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for C Band Application"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparison of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger using Theoretical Methods, HTRI, ASPEN and SOLIDWORKS simulation softwares
  Ambekar Aniket Shrikant, R. Sivakumar, M. Vivekanandan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The aim of this article is to compare the design of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger with baffles. Baffles used in shell and tube heat exchanger improve heat transfer and also result in increased pressure drop. Shell and tube heat exchanger with single segmental baffles was designed with same input parameters using 1) Kern's theoretical method; 2) ASPEN simulation software and 3) HTRI simulation software 4) SOLIDWORKS simulation software. Shell side pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient are predicted. The results of all the three methods indicated the results in a close range. The proven theoretical methods are in good agreement with the simulation results.
Keywords - ASPEN, HTRI, Kern's theoretical method, Segmental baffles, Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

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Ambekar Aniket Shrikant, R. Sivakumar, M. Vivekanandan"Comparison of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger using Theoretical Methods, HTRI, ASPEN and SOLIDWORKS simulation softwares"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A New Approach to Powerflow Management in Transmission System Using Interline Power Flow Controller
  Manoj Asati, Sachin Tiwari
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper a new approach to power flow management in transmission system using interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is proposed and model for IPFC is developed and simulate by MATLAB software. Interline Power Flow Controller is a versatile device can be used to control power flows of a multi-line system or sub-networks An Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is a converter based FACTS controller for series compensation with capability of controlling power flow among multi-lines within the same corridor of the transmission line. It consists of two or more Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) with a common dc-link. Real power can be transferred via the common dc-link between the VSCs and each VSC is capable of exchanging reactive power with its own transmission system.
Keywords - Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC), Voltage Source Converter (VSC), Transmission Line, Reactive Power,

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Manoj Asati, Sachin Tiwari "A New Approach to Powerflow Management in Transmission System Using Interline Power Flow Controller"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Glaucoma Screening Test By Segmentation of Optical Disc& Cup Segmentation Using MATLAB
  Dr.B.B.M.KrishnaKanth
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness and it is becoming even more important considering the ageing society. Because healing of died retinal nerve fibers is not possible early detection and prevention is essential. Robust, automated mass-screening will help to extend the symptom-free life of affected patients. We devised a novel, automated, appearance based glaucoma classification system that does not depend on segmentation based measurements. Our purely data-driven approach is applicable in large-scale screening examinations. The proposed segmentation methods have been evaluated in a database of 650 images with optic disc and optic cup boundaries manually marked by trained professionals. Our expected Experimental results may be average overlapping error of 9.5% and 24.1% in optic disc and optic cup segmentation, respectively
Keywords - ...

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Dr.B.B.M.KrishnaKanth"Glaucoma Screening Test By Segmentation of Optical Disc& Cup Segmentation Using MATLAB"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-6

• Low cycle biaxial fatigue behavior of direct aged Nickel-based 718 superalloy
  P. Selva, B. Lorrain, J. Alexis, A. Seror, A. Longuet, C. Mary, F. Denard
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In recent years, significant advances in the fabrication process of nickel-base supperalloy leading to grain size reduction have been made in order to improve fatigue properties of aircraft turbine discs. Indeed, a change in particle size affects the initiation mode of fatigue cracks as well as the fatigue life of the material. The present study aims to investigate the fatigue behavior of a newly developed nickel-based superalloy under biaxial-planar loading. Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF) tests are performed at different stress ratios to study the influence of the multiaxial stress state on the fatigue life of the material. Full-field displacement and strain measurements as well as crack initiation detection are obtained using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) techniques. Results related to different load ratios are presented and an appropriate biaxial lifetime prediction is given. Crack detection, strain amplitude and number of cycles to crack initiation vs. triaxial stress ratio for each loading case are mentionned. From fractographic investigations by scanning electron microscopy it is found that the mechanism of fatigue crack initiation does not depend on the triaxial stress ratio and that most fatigue cracks initiate from subsurface carbides.
Keyword: Multiaxial fatigue, Cruciform specimen, nickel-base superalloy

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P. Selva, B. Lorrain, J. Alexis, A. Seror, A. Longuet, C. Mary, F. Denard"Low cycle biaxial fatigue behavior of direct aged Nickel-based 718 superalloy"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Seismic Microzonation - Principles and Methodology
  Ashutosh Gupta, Sana Zafar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The string of earthquake in India has created a serious problem for engineers and administrators and even for people also. Metro cities and other big cities in India have experienced severe earthquake hazard problem. This is same for Himalayan region and even peninsular shield. On 26 jan 2001 , one of the greatest India has ever experienced strikes in Kachchh , a region of Gujrat . Magnitude of this earthquake was 7.7 (MW) .This earthquake spread a huge damage which was almost a radius of 400 Kms. This earthquake damaged major cities of Gujrat like Ahmedabad , Bhavnagar , Surat. No one can say no for same threat for Delhi , national capital of India from local and probable catastrophic earthquake due to central himalaya . There are many more other Indian cities which are sitting in thick sedimentry basins along Indo-Gangetic plane and Brahmaputra valley . They have also the same threat. To reduce the seismic hazard, it is now important to define a correct response in terms of peak ground acceleration and spectral amplification . Both are highly dependent on local site conditions and also dependent on source characterization of future expected earthquakes . Microzonation studies are now important for a detailed ground motion modelling for urban and semi-urban cities of India. This paper presents an overview of seismic microzonation . Steps required and methodology used for seismic microzoation is also discussed here.
Key words:seismic microzonation , Hazard , Source characterization ,Site response , seismotectonic sources , Peak ground acceleration

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Ashutosh Gupta, Sana Zafar "Seismic Microzonation - Principles and Methodology"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Sensory and Nutritional Quality, Shelf-Life, and Microbial Analyses of Hermitically Sealed Chevon Products
  Jonathan N. Nayga, Emelita B. Valdez, Mila R. Andres, Beulah B. Estrada, Emelina A. Lopez, Rogelio B. Tamayo, and Aubrey Joy M. Balbin
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Goat meat or chevon is regarded as nutritious food and became popular food for health conscious people. In the Philippines, demand for chevon is growing as noted in the increasing per capita consumption of chevon. However, the price of chevon remains high. With a goal to transform the basis of disposal from per head basis to retail scheme and to make it affordable to consumers, a study was conducted to use canning technology to develop chevon-based products. Using 11-month old male upgraded Boer, local dishes popularly cooked using chevon were innovated and elevated to capture wider market. These dishes include braised chevon in soy sauce and spices (locally known adobo), savory goat stew commonly in tomato stew (locally called kaldereta) and goat meat ceviche made with skin, smothered with vinegar and spices (known as kilawin) Sensory evaluation and different analyses such as nutritional, shelf-life and microbial were conducted for food safety. On sensory evaluation, kaldereta and adobo were rated as "like moderately" while kilawin was rated as "like slightly". On nutritional analysis, calorie level was found highest for adobo, followed by kaldereta and kilawin; on fat and saturated fat, kilawin was found lowest, followed by kaldereta and adobo; on cholesterol level, kilawin was found highest, followed by adobo and kaldereta. On microbial analysis, the products were found negative on food-borne microorganisms such as aerobic and anaerobic thermophiles and mesophiles, making these products commercially sterile. On shelf-life analysis, kilawin can be stored longest at 15months, followed by adobo at 12months and kaldereta can be stored at 10months. These results suggest that canning can be used to develop products that can be sold to different costumer. These activity can be utilized to make product value-adding more profitable, while transforming the traditional per head basis of selling goat.
Key words:canning, chevon, food processing

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Jonathan N. Nayga, Emelita B. Valdez, Mila R. Andres, Beulah B. Estrada, Emelina A. Lopez, Rogelio B. Tamayo, and Aubrey Joy M. Balbin "Sensory and Nutritional Quality, Shelf-Life, and Microbial Analyses of Hermitically Sealed Chevon Products"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Optimization of Automatic Voltage Regulator Using Genetic Algorithm Applying IAE, ITAE Criteria
  Indradeep Kumar, Kiran Kushwaha
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In an interconnected power system, if a load demand changes randomly, both frequency and tie line power varies. The main aim of automatic voltage controller is to minimize the transient variations in these variables and also to make sure that their steady state errors is zero. Many modern control techniques are used to implement a reliable controller. The objective of these control techniques is to produce and deliver power reliably by maintaining voltage within permissible range. When real power changes, system frequency gets affected while reactive power is dependent on variation in voltage value. That's why real and reactive power is controlled separately. Our objective is here for to study and analyze the Genetic algorithms and their application to the problems of Function Optimization and System Identification. Since there are other methods traditionally adopted to obtain the optimum value of a function (which are usually derivative based), the project aims at establishing the superiority of Genetic Algorithms in optimizing complex, multivariable and multimodal function. The Genetic Algorithm is a popular optimization technique which is bio-inspired and is based on the concepts of natural genetics and natural selection theories proposed by Charles Darwin.
Key words:Genetic Algorithm, AVR, PID, ACO, ITAE, IAE

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Indradeep Kumar, Kiran Kushwaha "Optimization of Automatic Voltage Regulator Using Genetic Algorithm Applying IAE, ITAE Criteria"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Model formulation and Analysis of Total Weight of Briquettes after mixing for Briquette making operation
  Nischal P. Mungale, Dr.G.K.Awari, Dr.M.P.Singh, Dr. C. N. Sakhale
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents model formulation with analysis of Total Weight of Briquettes after mixing for Briquette making operation. A briquette is a block of flammable material used as fuel to start and maintain a fire. Agro Waste or Biomass briquetting is the densification of loose material to produce compact solid composites of different sizes with the application of pressure. Briquetting of residues takes place with the application of pressure, heat and binding agent on the loose materials to produce the briquettes. The model is formulated for total weight of briquettes after mixing for briquette making operation along with optimization, sensitivity, reliability and ANN simulation.
Key words:Briquettes, Biomass, Fuel, Sensitivity Analysis

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Nischal P. Mungale, Dr.G.K.Awari, Dr.M.P.Singh, Dr. C. N. Sakhale "Model formulation and Analysis of Total Weight of Briquettes after mixing for Briquette making operation"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Managementof Loads Using Maximum Demand Meter For Commercial Sector At Peak Demand Period
  Supriti Dash Sharma, Rajeshwari Arelli, Ankit Dukre, Renuka Bhandarkar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Industrial revolution in India since last 25 years has resulted in paradigm shift of residential population from rural to urban. Thus urbanization and industrialization have resulted in unprecedented increase in electricity demand. A direct consequence of this increased demand is the immense pressure that is build up on national electricity grid due to excessive load. This effect is more pronounced especially during peak demand periods. It becomes mandatory to reduce this pressure on grid in order to have reliable and continuous supply. One solution to this problem would be the construction of additional power generating facilities, but this solution is not economic as the installation is very costly as well as more power generating facilities will be threat to the environment. This solution thus has to be eliminated. A more feasible solution to this problem would be an instrument like maximum demand controller which can monitor the heavy load demand during peak hours. This paper proposes a controller which is easy in construction and various tests carried out on it resulted in many advantages like reduced electricity bill on recurring basis, improved load factor, and economy to the industrial user. The users of M.D controller can recover its cost through resulted savings in recurring electricity bill.
Key words:Microcontroller, Voltage controllers Driver, Sensors, GSM module.

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Supriti Dash Sharma, Rajeshwari Arelli, Ankit Dukre, Renuka Bhandarkar "Managementof Loads Using Maximum Demand Meter For Commercial Sector At Peak Demand Period"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Effects of Interferenceon the Transmission and Coverage in High Buildings
  Saleh HabibHusain
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Wireless communication is one of the most rapidly developing technologies in recent time, with wonderful services and products emerging together. These developments present huge challenges for communication engineers, as the demand for increased wireless capacity grow fast. Re-using the limited available spectrum will results a critical issue that affects the system performance, which is co-channel interference. This issue will limits the uplink coverage and capacity of the wireless system. It is needed to come up with such method of interference cancellation. We will investigate the transmission in multiple floors building by deploying femtocell based distributed antenna that connected at each entire floor, the signal will be processed by jointing all femto base stations for all cells in the building. We will try to introduce a solution to the arising problem of co-channel interference from frequency reuse, by measuring and analyzing the gain when deploying interference cancellation at each base station.
Key words:Co-channel interference, Distributed antenna system,Femtocell, Frequency reuse, Interference cancellation.

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Saleh HabibHusain "The Effects of Interferenceon the Transmission and Coverage in High BuildingsVol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Collation of Mobile operatives
  Swati Gupta
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Many of mobile devices suffer from limited computation resources (memory and processors), limited network connection, bandwidth and limited battery life. For minimizing these problems mobile agents are premising technology. However, for clients and servers most mobile agent systems are very resources demanding. This research paper describes an approach to run mobile agents on different devices from mobile phones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) to powerful PCs. It proposes a simple mobile agent architecture and middleware that makes it possible for accessing a mobile agent system on different devices. This architecture and middleware proposes that clients will state their abilities. Depending on these abilities, the client will either run the full mobile agent on the device or only run a light-weight version of the agent on the device. The mobile agents are basically same on all clients, but code of the mobile agent is removed for small devices. This means that only the data of the agent can be changed for mobile devices with minimal resources. The code of this agent is stored at the server. When the agent returns to the server, the two parts are joined and the agent is ready to be executed. The joined mobile agent can migrate to other agent servers and clients. A middleware is also proposed that makes it possible to establish communication between different heterogeneous devices.
Key words:Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), Mobile Agent, thick agent client, thin agent client, agent initiator, agent joiner/splitter and mobile agent dispatcher.

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Swati Gupta "Collation of Mobile operatives"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Efficient Video Watermarking Using Color Histogram Analysis and Biplanes Image Arrays
  R. Nishanth, Abin John Joseph
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Video watermarking is a novel technology that has the ability to solve the problem of illegal digital video manipulation and distribution. In video watermarking, the copyright bits are embedded into video bit streams. This paper proposes an effective, robust and indiscernible video watermarking algorithm. A video can also undergo several intentional attacks like frame dropping, averaging, cropping and median filtering and unintentional attacks like addition of noise and compression which can compromise copyright information, thereby denying the authentication. In this paper, the design and implementation of SVD and multiple bit plane image based watermarking is proposed. The developed method embeds 8 bit-plane images, obtained from single gray scale watermark image, into different frames of a video sequence. In this algorithm, some of the luminous values in the video pictures are selected and divided into groups, and the watermark bits are embedded by adjusting the relative relationship of the member in each group. A sufficient number of watermark bits will be embedded into the video pictures without causing noticeable distortion. The watermark will be correctly retrieved at the extraction stage, even after various types of video manipulation and other signal processing attacks.
Key words:video watermarking, SVD, bit-plane images.

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R. Nishanth, Abin John Joseph "An Efficient Video Watermarking Using Color Histogram Analysis and Biplanes Image Arrays"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparing the Viability of Commercial Areas in Relation to the Existing and Proposed Spatial Configuration of Rajshahi City.
  Ishtiaque Ahmad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Rajshahi, a city despite of having more than two hundred years of history, has developed a few commercial centers like Shaheb Bazaar and New Market. The overall city pattern and road network contribute in the growth of these commercial areas. But at a same time this spatial organization didn‟t support the commerce to spread much beyond these two areas. Rajshahi development authority (RDA) is planning to expand the urban area by creating some new commercial centers. This paper aims to study the integration and accessibility of the selected commercial centers of Rajshahi City Corporation with "Space syntax" methodology. Through comparison and analysis, this paper thrives to find out the viability of the existing and proposed commercial zones in relation to the existing spatial configuration and the proposed Master plan of Rajshahi City Corporation. Outcome of this research indicates that the proposed road layout has a positive result in the integration and connectivity of the commercial areas.
Key words:Commercial area, Rajshahi city, Spatial Configuration, Space Syntax, Integration

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Ishtiaque Ahmad "Comparing the Viability of Commercial Areas in Relation to the Existing and Proposed Spatial Configuration of Rajshahi City."Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of Petrophysical Parameters on Water Saturation in Carbonate Formation
  Khulud M. Rahuma, Biltayib Biltayib, Sharoh Marquez
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Assessment of petrophysical parameters is very essential for reservoir engineers. Three techniques can be used to predict reservoir properties: well logging, well testing, and core analysis. Cementation factors and saturation exponents are crucial for calculation, and their values pose a pronounced effect on water saturation estimation. In this study, a sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the influence of cementation factor and saturation exponent variation, as it applies to logs and core analysis, for use in water saturation estimates. Measurements of water saturation resulting from these variations showed a maximum spread difference of around fifteen percent.
Key words:cementation factor, formation factor, porosity, saturation exponent, water saturation

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Khulud M. Rahuma, Biltayib Biltayib, Sharoh Marquez "Effect of Petrophysical Parameters on Water Saturation in Carbonate Formation"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Evaluation Studies on Hybrid up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor for Treating Dairy Effluent under Different Season.
  R.Lavanya, Dr. C.Jodhi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Dairy industries have shown us great growth in size and number in most countries of the world. In recent times, the dairy industries have started incorporating sophisticated processing equipments with CIP cleaning systems and PLC based process automation systems. The dairy mill effluent is characteristically biodegradable with BOD 5, of 2500-3500 mg/l and COD restricted to 4000-5000 mg/l and pH from 5.6-8.6 .The biodegradability range of dairy effluent is from 0.63 to 0.72 .The hybrid anaerobic reactor is assessed with a pilot model (8 litres) for the treatment of dairy effluent .The present study evaluates the performance of hybrid anaerobic reactor under different seasons, viz , rainy and winter for treating dairy effluent .The model was made run under varying operating conditions , viz ,influent flow rate(2.083,2.500,3.571,5.000,8.330lit/hr) and influent COD (1599.88,2091.98,2564.46 mg/l), OLR(Rainy season) (0.025,0.031,0.036 kg/COD/m2 day),(winter season)(0.018,0.026,0.032kg/COD/m2 day) and HRT (6.00,10.00,14.00,20.00,24.00hrs)are interpreted for the respective conditions .The COD removal was observed for minimum of 78.10% starting from 78.86% for rainy season and maximum of 79.10% from 80.61%COD removal for winter season .
Key words:COD, Dairy wastewater, HRT, HUASBR, Microbial support media, OLR.

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R.Lavanya, Dr. C.Jodhi "Evaluation Studies on Hybrid up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor for Treating Dairy Effluent under Different Season"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Data Ware House System in Cloud Environment
  Mr. Krishna Prasad Bajgai, Mr. Amit Kumar Asthana
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

To reduce Cost of data ware house deployment , virtualization is very Important. virtualization can reduce Cost and as well as tremendous Pressure of managing devices, Storages Servers, application models & main Power. In current time, data were house is more effective and important Concepts that can make much impact in decision support system in Organization. Data ware house system takes large amount of time, cost and efforts then data base system to Deploy and develop in house system for an Organization . Due to this reason that, people now think about cloud computing as a solution of the problem instead of implementing their own data were house system . In this paper, how cloud environment can be established as an alternative of data ware house system. It will given the some knowledge about better environment choice for the organizational need. Organizational Data were house and EC2 (elastic cloud computing ) are discussed with different parameter like ROI, Security, scalability, robustness of data, maintained of system etc
Key words:EC2, Iaas, Saas, & Paas cloud coumputing ,Dw

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Mr. Krishna Prasad Bajgai, Mr. Amit Kumar Asthana "Data Ware House System in Cloud Environment"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltic Array
  Amit Kumar Sharma, Ravinder Singh Chauhan, Gaurav Rajoria
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

With the increasing demand of power and depleting resources, PV based power system has been a ray of hope for the future energy scenario. The non-linear V-I Characteristics of PV module depends on solar irradiance and other environmental factors. This paper deals with power electronics based simulation model for photovoltaic integrated module. The model includes the real time behavior of the PV module. Detailed simulink modeling for PV module along with numerical values has been presented. The simulation model has been verified for 36 W PV modules. The proposed model has been found to exhibit better and accurate result for any irradiance and temperature variations
Key words:Photovoltic Module, Simulink Model, V-I Characteristics

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Amit Kumar Sharma, Ravinder Singh Chauhan, Gaurav Rajoria "Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltic Array"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Study Driver Module For IGBT's
  Hristo Mihailov Antchev
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The functional schematic of the driver module for IGBT's is described in this paper, how it works and what the particularities of its design are. The version of the driver and timing diagrams are also presented here.
Key words:driver , module, IGBT

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Hristo Mihailov Antchev "Study Driver Module For IGBT's"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparative Analysis of Agile Software Development Methodologies-A Review
  Kiran Hiwarkar , Aditya Doshi , Rahul Chinta , Manjula R
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Software development methodology consists of dividing the software development process or work into different phases in order to achieve better planning and management. As the software development proceeds, factors such as requirements, needs, priorities, underlying technology may change. Thus development process must be highly dynamic and a good software development methodology must adapt to these evolving and changing requirements. Traditional software development models are unable to handle such dynamic requirements. To cope up with such dynamic requirements a set of software development methodologies referred as "Agile Software development methodologies‟ are used. Comparison between different Agile software development methods will help in the selection of appropriate development model given a particular scenario.
Key words:ASD, DSDM, FDD, Scrum, XP

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Kiran Hiwarkar , Aditya Doshi , Rahul Chinta , Manjula R "Comparative Analysis of Agile Software Development Methodologies-A Review"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Underwater Welding techniques
  Esam F. Alajmi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Welding demand in offshore and marine applications is increased with the increasing in oil and gas activities as well as increasing in the marine transportation and industrial applications. In this paper, a brief description of the different commercial underwater techniques will be presented taking into account showing detailed description of a few advanced welding techniques
Key words:---

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Esam F. Alajmi "Underwater Welding techniques"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Smart Charging Using Footstep Power Generation System
  Siddangouda Hosamani,Shaila I Kolhar,Jyothi Wadageri
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

One of the cornerstones to powering a carbon-neutral world by 2050 is greater direct electricity of end-use industries with a bigger mix of renewables. The integration of renewable energy with power systems, in contrast to traditional power plants, is fraught with difficulty. Decision-makers now rely heavily on scenario-based probabilistic forecasting models. To provide accurate scenario-based probabilistic predictions, which are essential to meet the emerging difficulties in power systems applications, this study introduces the power systems forecasting professionals to a novel deep learning approach called.....
Key words:Deep Learning, restoring, Forecasting, Time Series, Adversarial Network, Auto Encoders

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Siddangouda Hosamani,Shaila I Kolhar,Jyothi Wadageri "Smart Charging Using Footstep Power Generation System"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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