• Valuation of Strength of Structural Steel Angle Sections, under IS Code: 800-1984--A Case Study with Equal vis-a-vis Unequal Angles
  Manoj Kumar Varshaney
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

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Manoj Kumar Varshaney, "Valuation of Strength of Structural Steel Angle Sections, under IS Code: 800-1984--A Case Study with Equal vis-a-vis Unequal Angles"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Vision and Strategy for India's Electricity Metering Infrastructure of the future
  Yogeeta H. Relan, Vinod D. Shinde
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In the country like India with over millions of kilometers of transmission lines and billions of consumers, task of collecting information related to energy consumption of every consumer is a critical job. The meter reader has to travel a long distance and take reading manually to collect the data. This reading is then feed in a central database. Then the bill gets generated later with help of software. This project intends to reduce this tedious work by automating the process of collecting data from consumer's electricity meter. This would be done by implementing Advanced Metering Infrastructure that unites all the various metering devices of a building in one network and provides the metering data in real-time, locally and from remote. Here, AMI uses ZigBee to build up high-rise building area network of connected metering devices.
Keywords: Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), Automatic Meter Reading (AMR), Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), ZIGBEE, ZIGBEE Device Objects (ZDO).

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A. Yogeeta H. Relan, Vinod D. Shinde, "Vision and Strategy for India's Electricity Metering Infrastructure of the future"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Modal analysis of a 2-cylinder crankshaft using ANSYS
  Basavaraj Talikoti, Dr. S. N. Kurbet, Dr. V. V. Kuppast, Arvind M. Yadwad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Crankshaft is a relevant component in an I.C. engine which transforms the reciprocating motion into rotational motion. This makes the crankshaft liable to vibrations due to different types of stresses and loads. Modal analysis when performed on crankshaft, gives the behavior of its structure through different mode shapes at different frequencies. It also helps to determine resonance frequencies. Modal analysis is the primary stage of many useful analysis like harmonic analysis and transient dynamic analysis, which give the dynamic behavior of the crankshaft.
KeywordsANSYS, Crankshaft, Modal, Vibration

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Basavaraj Talikoti, Dr. S. N. Kurbet, Dr. V. V. Kuppast, Arvind M. Yadwad, "Modal analysis of a 2-cylinder crankshaft using ANSYS"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Reduction of PAPR and Efficient detection ordering scheme for MIMO Transmission Systems Using Power Control
  V.Sreevani, K.Suma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The technical challenges for communication engineers is the development of best performance wireless networks with negligible amount of distortions. We have to consider multipath propagation attenuation and radio spectrum inefficiency. Now a days, In MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output) systems there is a huge demand for the networks with the high transmission rates and better quality of service which are having low PAPR ratio. Instead of OFDMA, filter banks are used in massive MIMO to reduce the complexity. But they are error prone to noise. This base paper discusses about PAPR reduction in MIMO systems using different precoding based OFDM systems. Mainly, minimization of multi-antenna systems by controlling the transmission power and reduction of PAPR using ZC (Zadoff-Chu) matrix transform.
Key word: OFDM, Peak-to-average power ratio

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V.Sreevani, K.Suma, "Reduction of PAPR and Efficient detection ordering scheme for MIMO Transmission Systems Using Power Control"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Empirical Elasticity Models of Concrete made with local aggregates used in Nigeria
  Ezeagu C.A and Obasi K.C
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Deformation affects durability, serviceability, long-term reliability and structural integrity of concrete. Elasticity of concrete is an important factor in structural design because when a concrete member is put into service, it will experience temporary and/or permanent deformation which might result to structural failure over the years. This project was carried out to investigate the empirical consideration of the elastic modulus of concrete and also the effect of aggregate size to the elasticity of the concrete using local aggregate as a construction material. Three different aggregate size were employed in the investigation which are; 20mm, 30mm and 60mm size of gravels. The grading of the fine and coarse aggregate were studied. The mix ratio and water/cement ratio adopted for the study was 1:2:4 and 0.65 respectively. Twenty concrete (20) cubes (150mm × 150mm × 150mm) were casted for each coarse aggregate size of which four were crushed at each maturity age namely; 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56days. Three (3) different Elastic models: BS8110, EC:02 and IS-456 were analysis experimentally and analytically for the three each of the concrete sample made with 20mm, 30mm and 60mm coarse aggregate. The BS8110 elasticity model for 20 cubes was tested for each aggregate size, which shows an elastic modulus of 23.86kN/mm², 23.78kN/mm² and 22.67kN/mm² respectively at 28 days of maturity age. The Euro-code has an elastic modulus of 26.79kN/mm², 25.02kN/mm² and 23.99kN/mm² at 28 days of maturity age of the concrete. And also the Indian code of practice (IS – 456) elasticity model showed an elastic modulus of 21.95kN/mm², 19.59kN/mm² and 18.26kN/mm² respectively at 28 days of maturity age. Consequently, it was concluded that the elastic modulus of concrete depends greatly on the compressive strength, surface nature and sizes of aggregates. It can be empirically concluded also that there is a variation in the elasticity of the concrete with the three predicted models.
Key word: Code, Concrete, Deformation, Elasticity and Strength.

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Ezeagu C.A, Eromosele A.F, Okoro H, Chukwujekwu U. J and Emetomo T. B, "Flexural Strength of Solid and Glue-Laminated Timber Beams"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Visual Product Identification for Blind
  Krutarth Majithia, Darshan Sanghavi, Bhavesh Pandya, Sonali Vaidya
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This project is developed to make the life of blind people easy. This is a camera based system to scan the barcode behind the image and read the description of the product with the help of Id stored in the barcode. This is very beneficial in case of finding out the description of packaged goods to the blind people and thus helping them in deciding to purchase a product or not especially which are packaged. This is because it becomes very difficult for the blind people to distinguish between the packaged goods. In order to use this system, all the user needs to do is capture the image on the product in the mobile phone which then resolves the barcode which means it scans the image to find out the Id stored. Thus this application really benefits blind and visually impaired people and thus making their work of identifying products easy. This is very easy to use and affordable as it requires a scanner to scan the barcode and a camera phone to take the picture of the image containing the barcode. This is now easy to implement as most of the mobile phones today have the required resolution in order to scan the barcode to identify the Id stored in it and read out the product description. This project can be implemented in any shopping mall, supermarket, Book stores, Medical stores etc.
Key word: barcode, camera phone, scanner

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Krutarth Majithia, Darshan Sanghavi, Bhavesh Pandya, Sonali Vaidya, "Visual Product Identification for Blind"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Noise Tolerant and Low Power Dynamic Logic Circuit Using Finfet Technology
  Sneha Arora, Umesh Dutta, Vipin Kumar Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

For the improvement of performance and noise tolerance in dynamic logic circuits, a technique is proposed in this paper. A two-input AND gate is designed and simulated in 32nm technology using FinFET device. Simulation results indicate that the proposed technique provides improvement in noise tolerance of about three times and the use of FinFET device reduces the power consumption over the conventional MOSFET designs.
Index Terms: FinFET, Noise Tolerance, ANTE, Power Consumption, MOSFET

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Sneha Arora, Umesh Dutta, Vipin Kumar Sharma, "A Noise Tolerant and Low Power Dynamic Logic Circuit Using Finfet Technology"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Study on Reasons of Attrition and Strategies for Employee Retention
  N.Silpa
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The success of any manufacturing organization depends largely on the workers are considered as the backbone of any company. The study was mainly undertaken to identify the level of employee's attitude, the dissatisfaction factors they face in the organization and for what reason they prefer to change their job. Once the levels of employee's attitude are identified, it would be possible for the management to take necessary action to reduce attrition level. Since they are considered as backbone of the company, their progression will lead to the success of the company for the long run. This study can be helpful in knowing, why the employees prefer to change their job and which factors make employee dissatisfy. Since the study is critical issue, it is needed by the originations in order to assess the overall interest and the feelings of the employees towards their Retention.
Key word: Attitude, Attrition, Retention, Reasons, Strategies.

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N.Silpa, "A Study on Reasons of Attrition and Strategies for Employee Retention"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Machining of Aircraft Bearing Rings using High Quality Bearing Steel
  Prof. S. Rajendiran, Vikrant Kumar, Sneha Edla
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Bearing rings for Aircraft application are machined using high quality M50 High Speed Steel conforming to AMS 6491B. The raw material for the rings of Ball bearing is prepared from a single bar stock using trepanning. Special collet type soft jaw and Mandrels were devised and used on CNC Lathes to reduce manufacturing problems like ovality. Raceway forms are turned using single point copy turning insert. The problems faced during rings manufacture were discussed in this study.
Key word: HSS M50, Trepanning, Ring Inner and Outer, Collet, Soft jaw, raceways, Ovality

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Prof. S. Rajendiran, Vikrant Kumar, Sneha Edla, "Machining of Aircraft Bearing Rings using High Quality Bearing Steel"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Technological Considerations and Constraints in the Manufacture of High Precision Ball and Roller Bearings
  Prof.S.Rajendiran, Vikrant Kumar, Sneha Edla
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Rolling element bearings for application in Aircraft systems are to be manufactured to higher accuracy levels. Various technology details like raw material, processing stages and facilities such as machining, heat treatment, grinding, super finishing, assembly and inspection are to be considered for manufacture. However the facilities available presently in India are inadequate to produce high precision bearings. This paper deals with the prototype manufacture of bearings for some typical applications.
Key words: AFBMA (ABMA), Ball bearing, roller bearing, vacuum treatment, cryogenic treatment,

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Prof.S.Rajendiran, Vikrant Kumar, Sneha Edla, "Technological Considerations and Constraints in the Manufacture of High Precision Ball and Roller Bearings"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Ground Bounce Noise Reduction in Vlsi Circuits
  Vipin Kumar Sharma, Umesh Dutta, Sneha Arora, R.P. Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Scaling of devices in CMOS technology leads to increase in parameter like Ground bounce noise, Leakage current, average power dissipation and short channel effect. FinFET are the promising substitute to replace CMOS. Ground bounce noise is produced when power gating circuit goes from SLEEP to ACTIVE mode transition. FinFET based designs are compared with MOSFET based designs on basis of different parameter like Ground bounce noise, leakage current and average power dissipation. HSPICE is the software tool used for simulation and circuit design.
Keywords: Sleep method, Tri mode, Tri transistor, MTCMOS Techniques, Invertor, Power gating, FinFET, Ground bounce

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Vipin Kumar Sharma, Umesh Dutta, Sneha Arora, R.P. Sharma, "Ground Bounce Noise Reduction in Vlsi Circuits"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Review of Fin FET Technology and Circuit Design Challenges
  Bibin Lawrence R, Jency Rubia J
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Considering the difficulties in planar CMOS transistor scaling to secure an acceptable gate to channel control FinFET based multi-gate (MuGFET) devices have been proposed as a technology option for replacing the existing technology. The desirability of FinFET that it's operation principle is same as CMOS process. This permits to lengthening the gate scaling beyond the planar transistor limits, sustaining a steep subthreshold slope, better performance with bias voltage scaling and good matching due to low doping concentration in the channel. There are, still, several challenges and limitations that FinFET technology has to face to be competitive with other technology options: Fin shape, pitch, isolation, doping, crystallographic orientation and stressing as well as device parasitic, performance and patterning approaches will be discussed.
Key word: FinFET, Fin patterning, Fin shape, SRAM design, Circuit challenges

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Bibin Lawrence R, Jency Rubia J, "Review of Fin FET Technology and Circuit Design Challenges"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Traffic Violation Detection Using Multiple Trajectories of Vehicles
  Shruti Jawanjal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In general lane change violations are likely to happen before the stop line in the red-light violation detection region. The system which can be detecting red-light and lane change violation is very useful for the traffic management detection using vehicles moving in the region of interest and combining with the evaluation of the trajectories behavior of multiple vehicles using mean square displacement (MSD) to detected both of violation. We are using image processing technique only to detected traffic signal without help of another other system. The experiment result shows that the algorithm is high accuracy to detect both of violation.
Keywords - image processing, lane-change, multiple trajectories, Mean square displacement, traffic signal detection

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Shruti Jawanjal, "Traffic Violation Detection Using Multiple Trajectories of Vehicles"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Study on Strength of Concrete Using Robo Sand as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate
  S.Rukmangadhara Rao, G.Himali Kumari, N.Vidya Sagar lal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Robo sand is one of the most used among such materials to replace river sand, which can be used as an alternative to fine aggregate in concrete. In the present investigation workability and strength of concrete was evaluated by replacement of natural sand by Robo sand in proportions of 0%, 50%, 75%, and 100% is studied for M25and M35grade concrete cubes, cylinders and prisms. Slump cone method is taken for finding workability. For strength parameters for each grade of concrete Cubes, Cylinders and Prisms were casted and tested at the age of 7 and 28 days. In this present experimental study on concrete having grades of M25 and M35 are prepared by replacing natural sand by Robo sand. Concrete specimens were tested for evaluation of compressive strength and water absorption.

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S.Rukmangadhara Rao, G.Himali Kumari, N.Vidya Sagar lal, "Study on Strength of Concrete Using Robo Sand as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Method of Survey on Object-Oriented Shadow Detection & Removal for High Resolution Urban Aerial Colour Images
  A.Amareswar Kumar, B.Mohan Reddy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

High-resolution remote sensing images offer great possibilities for urban mapping. Unfortunately, shadows cast by buildings during this some problems occurred .This paper mainly focus to get the high resolution colour remote sensing image, and also undertaken to remove the shaded region in the both urban and rural areas. The region growing thresholding algorithm is used to detect the shadow and extract the features from shadow region. Then determine whether those neighbouring pixels are added to the seed points or not. In the region growing threshold algorithm, Pixels are placed in the region based on their properties or the properties of nearby pixel values. Then the pixels containing similar properties are grouped together and distributed throughout the image. IOOPL matching is used for removing shadow from image. This method proves it can remove 80% shaded region from image efficiently.
Keywords -region growing thresholding, IOOPL (inner-outer outline profile line)

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A.Amareswar Kumar, B.Mohan Reddy, "A Method of Survey on Object-Oriented Shadow Detection & Removal for High Resolution Urban Aerial Colour Images"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• On The Transition Probabilities for the Fuzzy States of a Fuzzy Markov Chain
  J.Earnest Lazarus Piriyakumar and V.Sreevinotha
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper the theory of fuzzy logic is mixed with the theory of Markov systems and the abstraction of a Markov system with fuzzy states introduced. The notions such as fuzzy transient, fuzzy recurrent etc., were introduced. The results based on these notions are introduced.
Key word: Fuzzy Markov chain, Fuzzy transition probability and Fuzzy random functions.

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J.Earnest Lazarus Piriyakumar and V.Sreevinotha, "On The Transition Probabilities for the Fuzzy States of a Fuzzy Markov Chain"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Simulation based approach for Fixing Optimum number of Stages for a MMC
  V. Sanyasi Rao, K.Rama Krishna Pandu, Satyanarayana.V
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Modular multi level converters (MMC) are gaining importance day by day due to their inherent advantages of bidirectional capability, reduced switching loss. MMCs have become one of the best choices for electric vehicles (EV) and storage based electric vehicles as these converters have the ability of conduction in both the directions with bidirectional switches. One of the major issues of concern of an EV is that the storage of energy, as these vehicles battery storage with large capacity and these batteries required to be charged continuously. This feature of EV makes usage of MMCs as an attractive solution. The output available across a MMC is stepped sine wave. As the number of steps increases nearness of output voltage with a sine wave is increased, but this is not true. The authors feel that it is not true in case of a Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulated Inverter. As the number of levels are increased the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in a voltage waveform decreases to a minimum value and then increases. MMC configuration proposed in [1] taken into consideration and simulation studies are conducted using Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation control scheme with the help of MATLAB / SIMULINK. The THD levels in the phase voltages and load currents are presented. With the help of simulation studies the optimum number of an inverter are identified.
Key word: Bidirectional Switches, Electric vehicles (EV), Modular multi level converters (MMC), Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)

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V. Sanyasi Rao, K.Rama Krishna Pandu, Satyanarayana.V, "Simulation based approach for Fixing Optimum number of Stages for a MMC"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-2

• Low Power CMOS Analog Multiplier
  Shipra Sachan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper Low power low voltage CMOS analog multiplier circuit is proposed. It is based on flipped voltage follower. It consists of four voltage adders and a multiplier core. The circuit is analyzed and designed in 0.18um CMOS process model and simulation results have shown that, under single 0.9V supply voltage, and it consumes only 31.8μW quiescent power and 110MHZ bandwidth.
Key word: analog multiplier; flipped voltage follower ; multiplier core; Gilbert cell.

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Shipra Sachan, "Low Power CMOS Analog Multiplier"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Low Power and Fast Transient High Swing CMOS Telescopic Operational Amplifier
  Akshay Kumar Kansal, Asst Prof. Gayatri Sakya
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

CMOS telescopic operational amplifier with high-swing and high-performance is described in this paper. The swing is attained by using the tail and current source-transistors in deep-linear region. The resultant deprivation in parameters like differential gain, CMRR and added characteristics are recompensed by using regulatedcascode differential gain enhancement and a replica-tail feedback technique. Operating at power supply of 3.3V, the power consumption, slew rate and settling time are improved using transmission controlled pass circuitry and level amplifier. It is shown through simulations that the Op-Amp preserves its high CMRR and unity gain frequency.
Index Terms: CMOS feedback logic, transient response, op-amp, operational amplifier, telescopic, improved,

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Akshay Kumar Kansal, Asst Prof. Gayatri Sakya, "Low Power and Fast Transient High Swing CMOS Telescopic Operational Amplifier"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Modified Design of Test Pattern Generator for Built-In-Self- Test Applications
  Bharti Mishra, Dr. Rita Jain
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Test Pattern Generators (TPG) are very important logic part of the Circuits that have self-test features. Nowadays, the self-test feature is an in-built part of the modern application hardware designs. This feature enables the user to test and verify the specific hardware failure with the help of the hardware itself. To enable self-test an extra operational and control circuit is required by the application based operational and control circuit. The size of the self-test block is generally small as compared to the actual hardware. Most of the self-test hardware includes Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) to generate the test signal pattern in the self-test mode of circuit operation. In the present work a simple 3-FF based modified design of TPG is designed and simulated to generate a 4-bit test signal sequence. The present work also shows FPGA based simulation and synthesis of a 16-bit TPG design using the 4-bit TPG. The present TPG design concept can be replicated to generate a test sequence of higher bit length for advanced applications. The present design is simulated on Xilinx tool for functional verification.
Keywords: LFSR, TPG, Xilinx, XOR.

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Bharti Mishra, Dr. Rita Jain, "A Modified Design of Test Pattern Generator for Built-In-Self- Test Applications"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Investigation of Significant Process Parameter in Manganese Phosphating of Piston Pin Material by Using ANOVA
  Hemant V Chavan, Milind s Yadav
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to determine the most significant parameter such as phosphating bath temperature, phosphating time,accelerator level on the fatigue life of piston pin material such as 40NiCr4Mo3 by analysis of variance (ANOVA).The selected three imput parameters were studied at three different level by conducting nine experiments based on L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi's methodology.Phosphating bath temperature has significant effect on fatigue strength followed by phosphating time and accelerator level.
Keywords:Fatigue strength, Phosphating process, piston pin material, Taguchi, ANOVA

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Hemant V Chavan, Milind s Yadav, "Investigation of Significant Process Parameter in Manganese Phosphating of Piston Pin Material by Using ANOVA"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Review of Jobran Khalil Jobran's works from Romantic Features
  Soraya Sobhani Khakestar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Jobran Khalil Jobran great immigrant writer and poet have been known with different view of his contemporary to romantic poetry text format and reflective language of his time. This great poet had a wonderful impression in new Arab literature and this caused the creation of a special style which at that time address the entity and existence by mysticism and kind of intuition retrieved from its receiver view in solution of social ,emotional and religious situation, as he shined with his myth and other great works. The aim of this article is that the romantic feature of his works and elegance lyrics was investigated from different view of critics, and that influence is the presence of woman, especially his mother in his romantic phenomena. This is a propellant and different factor that we cannot neglect it according to the strategic important impact has had on his careers and creation of a his world style. Social and environmental conditions changed the route of his career. These conditions affected him and inevitably reflected them in his poem. If conditions are suitable, the feeling manifested and appears and the talent shows off in the best way.
Key word: Romantic, poet, emotional, Arab literature, style, social.

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Soraya Sobhani Khakestar, "Review of Jobran Khalil Jobran's works from Romantic Features"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A mathematical modeling proposal for a Multiple Tasks Periodic Capacitated Arc Routing Problem
  Cleverson Gonçalves dos Santos, Cassius Tadeu Scarpin
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The countless accidents and incidents occurred at dams at the last years, propelled the development of politics related with dams safety. One of the strategies is related to the plan for instrumentation and monitoring of dams. The monitoring demands from the technical team the reading of the auscultation data, in order to periodically monitor the dam. The monitoring plan of the dam can be modeled as a problem of mathematical program of the periodical capacitated arcs routing program (PCARP). The PCARP is considered as a generalization of the classic problem of routing in capacitated arcs (CARP) due to two characteristics: 1) Planning period larger than a time unity, as that vehicle make several travels and; 2) frequency of associated visits to the arcs to be serviced over the planning horizon. For the dam's monitoring problem studied in this work, the frequent visits, along the time horizon, it is not associated to the arc, but to the instrument with which is intended to collect the data. Shows a new problem of Multiple tasks Periodic Capacitated Arc Routing Problem and its elaboration as an exact mathematical model. The new main characteristics presented are: multiple tasks to be performed on each edge or edges; different frequencies to accomplish each of the tasks; heterogeneous fleet; and flexibility for more than one vehicle passing through the same edge at the same day. The mathematical model was implemented and examples were generated randomly for the proposed model's validation.
Key word: Dams safety, Monitoring, Periodic routing

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Cleverson Gonçalves dos Santos, Cassius Tadeu Scarpin, "A mathematical modeling proposal for a Multiple Tasks Periodic Capacitated Arc Routing Problem"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fuzzy Group Ideals and Rings
  Kharatti Lal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This section define a level subring or level ideals obtain a set of necessary and sufficient condition for the equality of two ideals and characterizes field in terms of its fuzzy ideals. It also presents a procedure to construct a fuzzy subrings (fuzzy ideals) from any given ascending chain of subring ideal. We prove that the lattice of fuzzy congruence of group G (respectively ring R) is isomorphic to the lattice of fuzzy normal subgroup of G (respectively fuzzy ideals of R).In Yuan Boond Wu wangrning investigated the relationship between the fuzzy ideals and the fuzzy congruences on a distributive lattice and obtained that the lattice of fuzzy ideals is isomorphic to the lattice of fuzzy congruences on a generalized Boolean algebra. Fuzzy group theory can be used to describe, symmetries and permutation in nature and mathematics. The fuzzy group is one of the oldest branches of abstract algebra. For example group can be used is classify to all of the forms chemical crystal can take. Group can be used to count the number of non-equivalent objects and permutation or symmetries. For example, the number of different is switching functions of n, variable when permutation of the input are allowed. Beside crystallography and combinatory group have application of quantum mechanics.
Key word: group structure, fuzzy cosset, fuzzy ideal, fuzzy congruence, normal subgroup,

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Kharatti Lal, "Fuzzy Group Ideals and Rings"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Seismic Drift Control in soft storied RCC buildings
  M.P. Mishra, Dr.S.K.Dubey
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper studies Seismic drift demands in RCC Buildings with weak first stories which is very important seeing the present damages all over the World due to earth quake like Kobe and Chi-Chi earth quakes in 1995and 1999 respectively . As we know that in India , Bhuj-Gujrat earth quake on 26th Jan 2001 and Nepal earth quake -2015, were the most destructive events recorded in India and Nepal in terms of deaths and damages to the infrastructure and devastation in the last fifty years., These earthquakes has provides lessons to human society particularly engineers, architects, builders for improving design and planning, practices ,inadequate analysis, design deficiency and even poor quality of construction. It has been observed that the principal reason of failure may be associated to soft stories, floating columns ,mass irregularities and pounding of adjacent structures etc. In this paper focus has been to judge the damages factors which are responsible for the collapse of structure and control measures to be provided for a safe and economic design as per current Indian and foreign codes .An analysis has performed using STAAD-Pro for G+5 multistoried building in different Zones IV and V and drifting results obtained has discussed with respect to safety and damages consideration.
Keywords: Ductility demand, Inter storey drift, mode shape, soft storey, stiffness.

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M.P. Mishra, Dr.S.K.Dubey, "Seismic Drift Control in soft storied RCC buildings"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Imperfect Preventive Maintenance Policy Considering Reliability Limit
  Mwaba Coster, Qiong Liu
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper discusses an imperfect preventive maintenance model for a deteriorating repairable system with consideration of the reliability limitand random maintenance quality. The model is derived from the combination of failure rate adjustment and age over an infinite time horizon. The maintenance intervals are obtained assuming both the failure rate increase factor and age restoration factor are random variables with a uniform distribution. The optimal policy with a sensitivity analysis showing how different cost parameters affect the long run average maintenance cost rate is presented.
Key word: Imperfect preventive maintenance, virtual age, failure rate, reliability limit,

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Mwaba Coster, Qiong Liu, "An Imperfect Preventive Maintenance Policy Considering Reliability Limit"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Internet of Things (IoT): An Overview
  Antar Shaddad Abdul-Qawy, Pramod P. J, E. Magesh, T. Srinivasulu
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) controls our daily behaviors. It becomes a main part of our life critical infrastructure bringing interconnection of heterogeneous devices in different aspects. Personal computing, sensing, surveillance, smart homes, entertainment, transportation and video streaming are examples, to name a few. As a critical living entity, Internet is contentiously changing and evolving leading to emerging new technologies, applications, protocols and algorithms. Acceleration of wireless communication trends brings an ever growing innovation in Internet connectivity and mobile broadband. Infrastructureless communication devices become ubiquitous, smart, powerful, connectible, smaller, cheaper, and easier to deploy and install. This opens a new future direction in the society of ICT: the Internet of Things (IoT). Nowadays, the IoT, early defined as Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications, becomes a key concern of ICT world and research communities. In this paper, we provide an overview study of the IoT paradigm, its concepts, principles and potential benefits. Specifically, we focus on the IoT major technologies, emerging protocols, and widespread applications. This overview can help those who start approaching the IoT world aiming to understand and participate to its development.
Key words:ICT, IOT, M2M, Smart Objects, Heterogeneous Devices.

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Antar Shaddad Abdul-Qawy, Pramod P. J, E. Magesh, T. Srinivasulu, "The Internet of Things (IoT): An Overview"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Review Paper on Coastal Hazard
  Suvarnsing Bhable, Sangramsing Kayte, Sandip Mali, Jaypalsing N. kayte, Raju Maher
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

With the coastal population increasing, storms have been inflicting unprecedented losses on coastal communities. Coastal agencies require advance information on the predicted path, intensity and progress of a storm and associated waves and storm surges; Near-real-time information during the peak of the storm to monitor flooding and control rescue operations; And post storm reports to assess the damage and plan the recovery. The same holds true for other disasters, such as oil spills and algal blooms. Coastal communities are also facing a rising sea level, caused mainly by global warming. Airborne and satellite remote sensors, such as multispectral imagers, LIDAR and RADAR, are now able to provide Most of the information required for emergency response and coastal management.
Keywords:LIDAR, RADAR

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Suvarnsing Bhable, Sangramsing Kayte, Sandip Mali, Jaypalsing N. kayte, Raju Maher, "A Review Paper on Coastal Hazard"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A New Approach to Romanize Arabic Words
  Hussein K. Khafaji, Nada Adnan Taher
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Romanization of Arabic words has been acquired the interest of the researchers due to its importance in many fields such as security and terrorism fighting, translation, religious purposes, etc. In this paper, a proposed method was presented to solve the drawbacks of available methods such as lack of reverse recognition, using of extra letters and punctuation characters, and neglecting the correlation of the letters in a word. This method was implemented and tested using a sample of 100 undergraduate Iraqi students and 150 Arabic words which romanized using five well-known methods in addition to the proposed one. The test showed that the proposed method dominants the rest method from the recognition and reverse recognition process in considerable ratio.

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Hussein K. Khafaji, Nada Adnan Taher, "A New Approach to Romanize Arabic Words"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of Earthworms on Distillery Effluent Treatment through Vermifiltration
  Nirmala Natarajan and N. Kannadasan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Distillery is an important sub-unit of sugar production industry. Distillery wastewater generated from different stages of sugar and ethanol production contains huge amount of pollutants that are very harmful to the environment if released without proper treatment. The present paper describes the application of vermiculture based wastewater technology with the primary objective of converting liquid effluent into eco-friendly safe water. Vermifiltration of wastewater using waste eater earthworms is a newly conceived novel technology. The BOD, COD, TSS and TDS decreased by 90%, 94%, 88% and 82% respectively through vermifiltration.
Keywords:Earthworms, Distillery Effluent (DE), Vermifiltration (VF), Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT).

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Nirmala Natarajan and N. Kannadasan, "Effect of Earthworms on Distillery Effluent Treatment through Vermifiltration"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Assessment of the waste water quality parameter of the Chitrakoot Dham, Karwi
  I.P.Tripathi, S. L. Dwivedi and Vibha Devi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Chitrakoot is a major holy place of Bundelkhand, situated at 24.48" to 25.12" North Latitude and 80.58" to 81.34" East Longitude. It is about 62 km from East to West and 57.5 km from North to South There are more than thousand temples in the study area, which are located mainly in Kamadgiri parikrama and along the bank of river Mandakini. A number of pilgrims visit the place throughout the year. Obviously a considerable amount of waste generated from the religious activities is being discharged anywhere consequently in creation of sever solid waste problem. Assessment of the waste water quality parameter of the Chitrakoot Dham Karwi for the parameters- pH, Temperature, Nitrate, COD, TDS, TS, TSS, Nitrite, Chloride were analyzed using standard methods prescribed as in the APHA, AWHA (2005). The result indicates that the water is unsuitable for Human body, Animals and Agriculture.
Keywords:pH, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), NaCl (Sodium Chloride), TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), TS (Total Solid), TSS (Total Suspended Solid).

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I.P.Tripathi, S. L. Dwivedi and Vibha Devi, "Assessment of the waste water quality parameter of the Chitrakoot Dham, Karwi"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Removal of Unwanted Objects using Image Inpainting - a Technical Review
  Nirali Nanavati, Aayushi Patel, Hemali Patel, Jenny Patel, Niyati Mavani, Preeti Bhatt
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Image In painting, the technique to change image in undetectable structure, it itself is an ancient art. There are various goals and applications of image in painting which includes restoration of damaged painting and also to replace/remove the selected objects. This paper, describes various techniques that can help in removing unwanted objects from image. Even the in painting fundamentals are directly further, most inpainting techniques available in the literature are difficult to understand and implement.
Index Terms:image, image prosessing, image in painting, image compression, image restoration.

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Nirali Nanavati, Aayushi Patel, Hemali Patel, Jenny Patel, Niyati Mavani, Preeti Bhatt, "Removal of Unwanted Objects using Image Inpainting - a Technical Review"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Analysis of the Effect of Variation of Baffle Height on the Liquid Sloshing In the Tank with CFD Approach
  Suresh Patil. G. L, Dr. B.Anjaneya Prasad, Dr. D. Maheswar, Dr. S. Chakradhar Goud
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Sloshing is a common physical phenomenon which occurs in moving tanks with contained liquid masses, such as liquid cargo carriers, rockets, aircrafts, and the seismically excited storage tanks, dams, reactors, and nuclear vessels. The sloshing frequencies of contained liquid are essential in the analysis and design of the liquid tanks and the associated structures. In this paper an attempt made with the VOF model and considered with immiscible fluids by solving a single set of momentum equations and tracking the volume fraction of each of the fluids throughout the domain. Further investigated the effect of the vertical baffle heights on the liquid sloshing in a three-dimensional (3D) rectangular tank. studied dynamic analysis of sloshing in rectangular tanks with multiple vertical baffles. ANSYS-CFX software was used to study this dynamic analysis subjected to random excitations including earthquake induced motions. analytically estimated hydrodynamic damping ratio for liquid sloshing phenomenon in a partially filled rectangular tank for baffles. They used the velocity potential formulation and linear wave theory for analytic calculations.
Keywords:sloshing, CFD, VOF model

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Suresh Patil. G. L, Dr. B.Anjaneya Prasad, Dr. D. Maheswar, Dr. S. Chakradhar Goud, "Analysis of the Effect of Variation of Baffle Height on the Liquid Sloshing In the Tank with CFD Approach"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Multimodal Biometrics Recognition by Dimensionality Diminution Method
  Suvarnsing Bhable
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Multimodal biometric system utilizes two or more character modalities, e.g., face, ear, and fingerprint, Signature, plamprint to improve the recognition accuracy of conventional unimodal methods. We propose a new dimensionality reduction method called Dimension Diminish Projection (DDP) in this paper. DDP can not only preserve local information by capturing the intra-modal geometry, but also extract between-class relevant structures for classification effectively. Experimental results show that our proposed method performs better than other algorithms including PCA, LDA and MFA.
Keywords:PCA, Multimodal biometrics, Dimensionality Diminution, Face & Palmprint recognition.

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Suvarnsing Bhable, "Multimodal Biometrics Recognition by Dimensionality Diminution Method"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Enhancing Gust's Loyalty in Luxury Hotel through Hotel's Ambience
  Seyed Bahaedin Mousavai, Prof. Dr. Abu Bakar Abdul Hamid, Dr. Rasoul Asgarpour, Dr. Majid Jamshidy, Dr.Hamed Gheysari
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Hotel guest loyalty is of the utmost importance given the competitive nature of the lodging sector. The increasing expansion of hotels into other hospitality and related areas amplifies the continuing importance of guest loyalty and the need to ensure guests "recurring reservations at a perceived favorite hotel.in the customer oriented era, relationship with customers in the all of purchasing cycle and its effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty has become a vital duty for hoteliers . Moreover, the impact of physical environment on consumer behavior, is particularly apparent for service business such as hotels. Based on the reviewed literature study about effect of Electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM)on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction considering moderating effect of hotel‟s ambience on the relationship between Electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM)and customer satisfaction as well as customer satisfaction and customer loyalty is few and far between .Therefore, the objective of the study is to examine the effect of Electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM) on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction considering the moderating effect of hotel ambiance on the proposed relationships. A quantitative methodology using a crosssectional survey method was used to investigate the relationship between variables. Data were collected from a convenience sampling of 384 guests of four and five- star hotels in Kuala Lumpur. The overall response rate was 66.74% (n=276). The relationships between variables were examined using structural equation modelling (SEM) technique and partial least squares (PLS) software was used. The results revealed there is a direct and significant relationship between Electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM) and customer satisfaction. Moreover, the results disclosed Electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM) through the mediating variable customer satisfaction has a positive effect on customer loyalty. Furthermore, the results confirmed that the relationship between Electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM) and customer satisfaction as well as customer satisfaction and loyalty has been moderated by hotel‟s ambience. The study applied S-O-R, to develop a new theoretical framework to provide a new way to enhance customer loyalty in four and five star hotels through examining the moderating effect of hotel"s ambiance on the relationship between ECRM and customer satisfaction and loyalty . Therefore, the study has provided a new scholarly evidence to enhance customer loyalty in the luxury four and five-star hotel. Moreover, the study provides a new approach to hoteliers to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Keywords:Electronic Customer Relationship Management (ECRM), Customer Satisfaction (CS), Customer loyalty (CL) and Hotel‟s Ambience, Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R).

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Seyed Bahaedin Mousavai, Prof. Dr. Abu Bakar Abdul Hamid, Dr. Rasoul Asgarpour, Dr. Majid Jamshidy, Dr.Hamed Gheysari, "Enhancing Gust's Loyalty in Luxury Hotel through Hotel's Ambience"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Some factors affecting on the behavior ofsteel electrode in citric acid solutions
  A.Diab, and S. M. Abd El Haleem
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Potential-time curves are constructed for the steel electrode in naturally aerated citric acid solutions devoid of and containing some aggressive and inhibitive compounds. Cl- and SO4 2- ions cause the destruction of passivity and initiation of pitting corrosion. The rate of oxide film growth by citric acid and oxide film destruction by Cl- and SO4 2- ions follows a direct logarithmic law as evident from the linear relationships between the open-circuit potential and the logarithm of immersion time. Urea, phenylhydrazine and 1,2-phenylenediamine compounds inhibit the pitting corrosion of steel. The rate of oxide film healing and thickening increases with their concentrations. In presence of constant inhibitor concentration, the efficiency of pitting inhibition increases in the order:(weak) urea
Keywords:Steel, Citric acid, Oxide film thickening, Aggressive, Corrosion, Inhibition.

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A.Diab, and S. M. Abd El Haleem, "Some factors affecting on the behavior ofsteel electrode in citric acid solutions"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Studying nanotube-based oscillators and their application as memory cells via nanoscale continuum modeling and simulation
  Shaoping Xiao, Weixuan Yang, Yan Zhang
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A nanoscale continuum model of carbon nanotube-based oscillators is proposed in this paper. In the continuum model, the nanotube is discretized via the meshfree particle method. The atomistic interlayer interaction between the outer and inner tubes is approximated by the interlayer interaction between particles. The mechanical behaviors of oscillators are studied and compared well with molecular dynamics simulation results. The nanotube-based oscillator can be employed to design a nanoelectromechanical system. In this system, two electrodes are attached on the top of the outer tube so that the induced electromagnetic force can overcome the interlayer friction. The mechanisms of such nanoelectromechanical systems as memory cells are also considered.
Keywords:carbon nanotube, oscillator, memory cell, meshfree, nanoscale continuum modeling

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Shaoping Xiao, Weixuan Yang, Yan Zhang, "Studying nanotube-based oscillators and their application as memory cells via nanoscale continuum modeling and simulation"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Localized Algorithm for Channel Assignment in Cognitive Radio Networks
  Harpreet Kaur, Nitin Gupta
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Cognitive Radio has been emerged as a revolutionary solution to migrate the current shortage of spectrum allocation in wireless networks. In this paper, an improved localized channel allocation algorithm based on channel weight is proposed. A factor of channel stability is introduced based on link environment, which efficiently assigns the best channels to the links. Based on the framework, a conflict resolution strategy is used to make the scheme adaptable to different network conditions. Calculations indicate that this algorithm can reduce the conflicts, increase the delivery rate and link assignment rate compared with the basic channel assignment algorithm.
Keywords:CRNs, channel assignment, dynamic spectrum access, localized algorithm

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Harpreet Kaur, Nitin Gupta, "Localized Algorithm for Channel Assignment in Cognitive Radio Networks"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Mathematical Model for Dynamic Damage Probability of the Repetition Pulse Rate High-energy Laser System
  Wang xiangmin, wang jun
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Aimed at the high-energy laser system, under the assumption that the tracking error is the normal stochastic process of mean square differentiability and ergodicity, the Series Expression of the dynamic damage probability was given. The example demonstrate some characteristics of the dynamic damage probability as follow. The system proposed indicates the quantitative relationship between dynamic damage probability and transfer function of the tracking error system, which offers theoretical and technological support on proofing, designing and testing the dynamic damage probability of laser system.
Keywords:high power laser system; tracking error; stochastic passage characteristic; damage probability

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Wang xiangmin, wang jun, "Mathematical Model for Dynamic Damage Probability of the Repetition Pulse Rate High-energy Laser System"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Routing in Cognitive Radio Networks - A Survey
  Harpreet Kaur, Nitin Gupta
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) have been emerged as a revolutionary solution to migrate the spectrum scarcity problem in wireless networks. Due to increasing demand for additional spectrum resources, CRNs have been receiving significant research to solve issues related with spectrum underutilization. This technology brings efficient spectrum usage and effective interference avoidance, and also brings new challenges to routing in multi-hop Cognitive Radio Networks. In CRN, unlicensed users or secondary users are able to use underutilized licensed channels, but they have to leave the channel if any interference is caused to the primary or licensed users. So CR technology allows sharing of licensed spectrum band in opportunistic and non-interfering manner. Different routing protocols have been proposed recently based on different design goals under different assumptions.
Keywords:About five key words in alphabetical order, separated by comma

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Harpreet Kaur, Nitin Gupta, "Routing in Cognitive Radio Networks - A Survey"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Developing an Environmentally Sustainable Hot Mix Asphalt Using Recycled Concrete Aggregates
  Abdelzaher E. A. Mostafa, Mohamed. S. Ouf, Abdel latif Jamal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is produced by properly crushing and sieving the demolished waste to obtain required size of aggregates that will substitute the need for virgin aggregates (VA). The economic and environmental benefits of using (RCA) from construction and demolition (C and D) activities have become clear in the recent years. The use of RCA in highway construction, especially in HMA, shall also contribute in the reduction of the consumption of VA as natural resources and the elimination of the stockpiles of concrete wastes.A series of experiments using recycled aggregate of various compositions from building rubble was conducted. This study evaluated the effects of replacing virgin aggregates (VA) by recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) on local HMA binder (3B). Blending of RCA with VA can lead to combined aggregates which pass the Egyptian standard specifications gradation. Increasing of RCA percentage in HMA leads to an increase in the (OAC), due to the high absorption of RCA and Stability of the HMA binder (3B) decreased but still within the Egyptian standard specifications by replacement of percentage of VA up to 80% by weight with coarse RCA in HMA binder (3B). The use of RCA significantly reduced the loss of stability, and reduced resistance to rutting for HMA binder (3B). Replacement up to 2% of powder by hydrated lime in HMA, leads to an increase in the Marshall Stability value increased.
Key word:

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Abdelzaher E. A. Mostafa, Mohamed. S. Ouf, Abdel latif Jamal, "Developing an Environmentally Sustainable Hot Mix Asphalt Using Recycled Concrete Aggregates"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effects of A Simulated Power Cut in AMS on Milk Yield Valued by Statistics Model
  Anja Gräff, Sascha Wörz, Johannes Dietrich, Manfred Höld, Jörn Stumpenhausen, Heinz Bernhardt
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Summary:

A statistics model was developed in order to be able to determine the effects of a simulated power cut of an Automatic Milking System on the milk output.Measurable and relevant factors, such as power cuts, milk yield, lactation days, average two days digestion and rumination and time were considered in the calculation tool.
keywords:Automatic milking system, milk yield, ruminant activities, statistics model

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Anja Gräff, Sascha Wörz, Johannes Dietrich, Manfred Höld, Jörn Stumpenhausen, Heinz Bernhardt, "Effects of A Simulated Power Cut in AMS on Milk Yield Valued by Statistics Model"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Dynamical modelling of the excavating chain of a ballast cleaning machine
  Boris Petkov
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The ballast bed as part of the railway track fulfils the important functions as the binding element between sleepers and substructure. Fouling increases over the years for various reasons. When the necessary good functioning is no longer assured, ballast bed cleaning must be performed. The machines, that perform that task, are equipped with various complex mechanics - hydraulic systems that ensure high productivity, efficiency and quality of the works. In this article is presented one way of studying the work of the machine for excavating ballast from the ballast bed to the sieving machine. We suggest a dynamic model for simulating the work of a scraper chain of a ballast cleaning machine with different working parameters.
Keywords: ballast cleaning machine, dynamic model, excavating chain

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Boris Petkov, "Dynamical modelling of the excavating chain of a ballast cleaning machine"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• On Steiner Dominating Sets and Steiner Domination Polynomials of Paths
  A. Vijayan, G.D. Suresh
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper, we introduce a new concept of Steiner domination polynomial of a path Pn. The Steiner domination polynomial of Pn is the polynomial Sγ(Pn, x)
KeywordsSteiner dominating set, Steiner domination number, Steiner domination polynomial.

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A. Vijayan, G.D. Suresh, "On Steiner Dominating Sets and Steiner Domination Polynomials of Paths"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Implementation of RTOS on STM32F4 Microcontroller to Control Parallel Boost for Photovoltaic Battery Charging Application
  EkaPrasetyono, Putra S Permana
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The DC-DC converter is operated with pulse width modulation (PWM) and controlled by modifying duty cycle. The PWM is easy developed on microcontroller system, but the problem become complex when some control algorithm implemented to determine duty cycle value. Multitasking is needed to handle sensor, control algorithm and user interface system. This paper discusses the application of Real Time Operating System (RTOS) to handle multitasking process on STM32F407 ARM Cortex M4 microcontroller to control parallel boost converter with load sharing algorithm for photovoltaic (PV) battery charging application. The first OS task is to run MPPT to get maximum energy from PV. This first OS task is implemented to control the first boost converter. Then, The second OS task to run fuzzy logic controller to control battery charging current with load sharing energy. This second OS task is task implemented to control second boost converter. The measurement of current and voltage of both converter side, display and user interface system also handled with OS task. As the result, each designed task could run well with recommended OS task priority for MPPT and Fuzzy is IRQ task and for TFT_LCD_displayos Priority Above Normal.
Key word: Battery charging, Load Sharing Photovoltaic, RTOS, STM32F407.

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EkaPrasetyono, Putra S Permana, "Implementation of RTOS on STM32F4 Microcontroller to Control Parallel Boost for Photovoltaic Battery Charging Application"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A study on Quality Attributes of Ghee based on packaging materials and storage period
  M.P.Divya, Sanitha Vasudevan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Glass ,Polyethyleneterephthalate(PET), Polypropylene (PP) and High density Polyethylene(HDPE) bottles were filled with ghee, prepared by differently treated cream, under light with little headspace to determine the effects of light ,method of preparation, packaging materials and storage time on the stability of ghee. The moisture content, acid value, peroxide value, refractive index and TBA Value were measured to determine the stability of ghee every 30 days of storage period.. Glass bottles recorded lower oxidation values followed by ghee packed in PET, PP and HDPE. In few cases, PET packaged ghee also showed comparable good results. This study showed that packaging material, method of preparation and storage time has an effect on the stability of ghee.

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M.P.Divya, Sanitha Vasudevan, "A study on Quality Attributes of Ghee based on packaging materials and storage period"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Interference Minimization Protocol in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network for High Quality Data Transmission
  Kakelli Anil Kumar, Dr. Addepalli VN Krishna, Dr. K. Shahu Chatrapati
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

High-quality data transmission is the primary objective of WSN for achieving quality of service. Heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HTWSN) can be used to deploy in sensitive and unmanned areas to monitor the objects. HTWSN is high configured network used to capture high-quality images and videos of targeted objects. During the data transmission in HTWSN, we identified that, the formation of interference with in the network due to link capacity overhead. Due to that, the quality data transmission is not possible through the network. In this research paper, we described the deployment of HTWSN network and identifying the primary sources for interference and introducing the proposed Interference Minimization Protocol (IMP). The IM protocol has achieved better quality of service by minimizing the interference in HTWSN.
Key word: Wireless Sensor Networks, Interference Minimization Protocol, Heterogeneous WSN.

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Kakelli Anil Kumar, Dr. Addepalli VN Krishna, Dr. K. Shahu Chatrapati, "Interference Minimization Protocol in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network for High Quality Data Transmission"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• How was Mathematics taught in the Arab-Islamic Civilization? – Part 1: The Pedagogical Principles of Teaching & Learning
  Mr. Moktadir ZERROUKI, Prof. Abdelkader KHELLADI
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

No matter how societies have differed throughout history in their values, cultures, politics and systems of life, there has always been a common consensus regarding the importance of mathematics and its role in the social life. Arab-Islamic civilisation -like many others- had a reasonable command of many aspects of mathematics. This was apparent in various applications including not just in everyday life, civil and business transactions, and financial dealings, but also in certain religious rituals. This paper aims to highlight the important position that the scholars in the Muslim East and West attributed to mathematics, both in terms of teaching and practice. Furthermore, this work investigates the methodology of teaching fractions in the Arab-Islamic society. The latter is found to be one of the mathematical subjects that has been recommended to be taught to learners at their earliest learning stages, especially given the importance of fractions in everyday transactions such as calculating shares of a legacy. The paper also examines some of the educational requirements such as the teacher duties, student‟s qualities, education stages and what the relevant curriculum recommended by scholars during each stage. Finally, this work briefly highlights one of the contemporary issues which is the difficulty of teaching fractions for young learners and how this was addressed in the past by one of the early Muslim Arab mathematicians through the use of simple poetry.
Keywords: Arabic, Didactics, Education, Mathematics, Teaching.

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Mr. Moktadir ZERROUKI, Prof. Abdelkader KHELLADI, "How was Mathematics taught in the Arab-Islamic Civilization? – Part 1: The Pedagogical Principles of Teaching & Learning"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Synthesis, Characterization and Electrical Properties of Polyaniline Doped with Different Acids
  Priyanka D, K.S.Venkatesh
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The polyaniline were prepared by using different inorganic and organic acids via oxidative polymerization method. The prepared samples were characterized by FTIR, the peaks are found to be at 507 cm˗1, 592 cm˗1, 798 cm˗1, 1138 cm˗1, 1244 cm˗1, 1302 cm˗1, 1471 cm˗1 and 1556 cm˗1. These predominant peaks may be confirming the formation of polyaniline. The structural analysis was studied by employing XRD; found that polyaniline is amorphous in nature. The SEM studies reveal that they are agglomerated, irregular and size of these grain increases with increasing amount of polyaniline with different organic and inorganic acids. The dc conductivity (dc) as a function of temperature (T) for polyaniline is studied in the temperature range from 30 to 1600C. At higher temperature it is found that conductivity increases because of hopping of polarons from one localized states to another localized states. The ac conductivity of polyaniline was prepared by oxalic acid show high conductivity at 106 Hz. This is due to the space charge polarization and electrode polarizations.
Key word: Polyaniline, Inorganic acid, Organic acid, FTIR, SEM, Transport property

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Priyanka D, K.S.Venkatesh, "Synthesis, Characterization and Electrical Properties of Polyaniline Doped with Different Acids"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Omnipresent ECG-Oversee Android Watch
  K Navaneetha Krishnan, S Lavanya, R Vinothini, Evelin F Justus
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

" Omnipresent ECG -oversee android watch" is designed to implement the increasing awareness of alteration in the rhythm of heart beat and coronary heart diseases due to stress and other risk factors. Death caused by heart diseases are high it can be reduced when a person's heart beat rate is monitored continuously for this purpose "Omnipresent ECG -oversee android watch" is used. It can be used by higher officials/patients to keep track of their heart beat rate by self-opinion or for remote diagnosis of chronic heart disease patients before sudden flicker. This watch works by ceaseless monitoring over a person's heart beat rate if any deflection is found it generates an alert. It is mainly used by people who are living alone or by those who suffer from any heart disease. It scales the ECG using three lead electrocardiography and impart three signals to smart watch for processing and for generating alert
Keywords - ECG, EKG, Electrocardiography, Smart watch.

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K Navaneetha Krishnan, S Lavanya, R Vinothini, Evelin F Justus, "Omnipresent ECG-Oversee Android Watch"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Strategies of detecting Profile-injection attacks in E-Commerce Recommender System: A survey
  Partha Sarathi Chakraborty, Dr. Sunil Karforma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

E-commerce recommender systems are vulnerable to different types of shilling attack where the attacker influences the recommendation procedure in favor of him by inserting fake user-profiles into the system. From one point of view, the attacks can be of type push or nuke-either to promote or to demote a product. On the other hand, attacks can be classified as high-knowledge or low-knowledge attack depending on the amount of system knowledge required for making the attack successful. Several research works have been done in the last two decades for defending attacks on recommender systems. In this paper, we have surveyed the major works done in this area by different researchers. After a brief explanation of different attack types and attack models, we discussed the attack detection strategies proposed by the researchers mainly under five categories- Generic and model specific attribute based, rating distribution based, outlier analysis based, statistical approach based and clustering based.
Index terms:profile-injection attack, rating distribution, popular item, prediction shift, user profile, attack model.

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Partha Sarathi Chakraborty, Dr. Sunil Karforma, "Strategies of detecting Profile-injection attacks in E-Commerce Recommender System: A survey"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• FLC-Based DTC Scheme for a New Approach of Two-Leg VSI Fed Induction Motor
  V.M Surekha, J.N.Chandra Sekhar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A new Direct Torque Control (DTC) strategy for Induction Motor (IM) drive fed by a two leg three phase inverter (i.e., Four switches are used in VSI) was proposed in this paper. The proposed methodology is based on the emulation of operation of the conventional Six-switch three phase inverter. The combination of four unbalanced voltage vectors is generated by the two-leg three phase inverter, approaching to the synthesis of the six balanced voltage vectors of the conventional DTC. This approach has been implemented in the design of the vector selection table of the proposed DTC strategy. Further, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is proposed in the speed controller for the improvement of torque ripples. Convention DTC with Six Switch three phase VSI, twoleg three phase VSI with PI and Fuzzy Controller are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results have shown that the proposed DTC strategy, two-leg inverter fed IM drive revealed an improved performance.
Index terms:Direct torque control (DTC), Two-leg inverter and Six Switch based three phase Inverter,

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V.M Surekha, J.N.Chandra Sekhar, "Flc-Based Dtc Scheme for a New Approach of Two-Leg Vsi Fed Induction Motor"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Efficient and Optimal Systems For Medical & Industries With Concept of IOT
  Rallabandi Bala Bhaskar, D.Raamanna, Ashok Kumar Balijepalli, K. Sreenivasa Ravi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Its quit interesting to starts with some philosophical manner rather than the aim of paper, that is, human kind likes more and more simplified life in their daily activities. The people like, simplification in cooking, travel, education, fashion design, dressing, information availability about certain things, communication from one place to another and so on. That means, the people like intelligent automated life. In contrast artificial things can interact with the human kind and solves their desires. For example, someone may have lost something, somewhere, but they forget where they lost. The difficulty here is, how find the thing, someone may give the solutions RFID technology but it works in certain range. So from the discussions, we need, the autonomous mechanism, that can trace out the locality or information regarding to what we lost? In simple manner, we need a common platform to integrate entire world of thing. For a little while, the common platform is internet and hence we labeled Internet of Things(IoT). That's what, the paper is going to deal. So the principal objective is to monitoring the thing of parameters from anywhere in the world. The paper is not aimed to integrate entire world of things right now but dedicated to two fields, medical & small, medium enterprises. In medical field, monitor the patient through camera interface and patient's moments using WSN interface. And in case of SM Enterprises monitors, temperature, water level, machine motion detection using WSN and visual through Camera Interface. The paper is built with high speed and low cost Raspberry-Pi Controller
Index Terms: Internet of things ( IoT ), Wireless Sensor Networks( WSN), SM Enterprises,

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Rallabandi Bala Bhaskar, D.Raamanna, Ashok Kumar Balijepalli, K. Sreenivasa Ravi, "An Efficient and Optimal Systems For Medical & Industries With Concept of IOT"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Hypothesis on Different Data Mining Algorithms
  Shraddha Deshmukh, Swati Shinde
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper, different classification algorithms for data mining are discussed. Data Mining is about explaining the past & predicting the future by means of data analysis. Classification is a task of data mining, which categories data based on numerical or categorical variables. To classify the data many algorithms are proposed, out of them five algorithms are comparatively studied for data mining through classification. There are four different classification approaches namely Frequency Table, Covariance Matrix, Similarity Functions & Others. As work for research on classification methods, algorithms like Naive Bayesian, K Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, Artificial Neural Network & Support Vector Machine are studied & examined using benchmark datasets like Iris & Lung Cancer.
Keywords:Artificial Neural Network, Classification, Data Mining, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbors, Naive &Support Vector Machine.

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Shraddha Deshmukh, Swati Shinde, "Hypothesis on Different Data Mining Algorithms"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Phase Transformations and Thermodynamics in the System Fe₂О₃– V₂О₅ – MnО – SiО₂ of Non-Isothermal Heating
  R. Paunova, D. Grigorova, R. Alexandrova
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Thermodynamic characteristics in the system Fe₂O₃ – MnO – V₂O₅ –SiO₂ have been investigated. Two mixtures have been prepared. The first mixture was synthetic, prepared from pure oxides in proportion according to the chemical composition of the waste catalyst and manganese concentrate. The second one contained the waste vanadium catalyst and manganese concentrate. The synthetic mixture has been used as a standard in order to establish the influence of impurities in the concentrate, and the waste catalyst on the thermodynamics of the studied system.
Experiments carried out in the temperature up to 1473 K for the system containing waste vanadium catalyst and manganese concentrate occur to formation of new phases formation as FeV₂O₄ and Iron Vanadium Oxide type and Jacobsite types MnFe2O4 and (Mn₆Fe₄)(Mn₄Fe_1.6)O_{4. EMF method with diffe}rence reference electrode (Ni/NiO, Mo/MoO₂ and air) relationship of delta GoT = f(T) in the temperature range 1073 – 1173 К of mixtures was obtained. The experimental data for the system show that the reference electrodes air and Ni/NiO are more suitable than Mo/MoO₂. The obtained results will be used as an investigations base to the production of complex iron vanadium manganese alloy using the waste materials.
Keywords:thermodynamics, DTA, EMF method, vanadium catalyst, manganese concentrate.

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R. Paunova, D. Grigorova, R. Alexandrova, "Phase Transformations and Thermodynamics in the System Fe₂О₃– V₂О₅ – MnО – SiО₂ of Non-Isothermal Heating"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Ultra Low Power Design and High Speed Design of Domino Logic Circuit
  Ankit Kori, Mohammed Arif
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The tremendous success of the low-power designs of VLSI circuits over the past 50 years has significant change in our life style. Integrated circuits are everywhere from computers to automobiles, from cell phones to home appliances. Domino logic is a CMOS based evolution of the dynamic logic techniques based on either PMOS or NMOS transistors. Dynamic logic circuits are used for their high performance, but their high noise and extensive leakage has caused some problems for these circuits. Dynamic CMOS circuits are inherently less resistant to noise than static CMOS circuits. In this paper we proposed different domino logic styles which increases performance compared to existing domino logic styles. According to the simulations in cadence virtuoso 65nm CMOS process, the proposed circuit shows the improvement of up thirty percent compared existing domino logics.
Keywords:Domino Logic, Dynamic Node, Evaluation Network, Low power Consumption.

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Ankit Kori, Mohammed Arif, "Ultra Low Power Design and High Speed Design of Domino Logic Circuit"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Memory Polynomial Based Adaptive Digital Predistorter
  Rajbir Kaur, Manjeet Singh Patterh
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Digital predistortion (DPD) is a baseband signal processing technique that corrects for impairments in RF power amplifiers (PAs). These impairments cause out-of-band emissions or spectral regrowth and in-band distortion, which correlate with an increased bit error rate (BER). Wideband signals with a high peak-to-average ratio, are more susceptible to these unwanted effects. So to reduce these impairments, this paper proposes the modeling of the digital predistortion for the power amplifier using GSA algorithm.
Keywords:Adjacent channel power ratio, Digital Predistortion, linearization, Memory polynomial, Power

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Rajbir Kaur, Manjeet Singh Patterh, "Memory Polynomial Based Adaptive Digital Predistorter"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Influence of Supply Chain Integration on the Intrapreneurship in Supply Chain Management (SCM)
  FatemehAshrafganjouei, Prof.Dr. Abu Bakar Bin Abdul Hamid
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

These days, SMEs pay a lot of attention to concept of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in order to achieve competitiveness. The logic behind such act is integrating the activities of value creation within any kind of organizational context. Such integrity would collaborate with managers to accomplish the competitive edge that they are aiming to achieve. The goal of current research is to identify scopes of a unique construct which is known as Entrepreneurial Supply Chain Management competency. Therefore, the notions of SCM and entrepreneurship are being aligned together for evaluating the organizational performance. The outcomes demonstrate that SCM in fact is a critical issue that can alter the organizational performance, thus, through consideration of SCM, we should focus on supply chain integration and its impacts on intrapreneurship and innovation of an organization. In order to be successful in such competitive context, SMEs need to provide novel competences which are not imitable and to increase their application in supply chain and also to improve their total performance.
Keywords:Supply Chain Integration, Intrapreneurship, Supply Chain Management (SCM), Performance.

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FatemehAshrafganjouei, Prof.Dr. Abu Bakar Bin Abdul Hamid, "The Influence of Supply Chain Integration on the Intrapreneurship in Supply Chain Management (SCM)"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design Optimization of Diesel Particulate Filter Using CFD
  Mr. Y. Rajasekhar Reddy, Mr. K. Srinivasa Chalapathi, Mr. S.Jush kumar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The diesel particulate filter (DPF) is a device designed to remove diesel particulate matter or soot from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine. A series of tests have been performed on a downscaled DPF prototype. This prototype had high filtration efficiency. Then the next step is to study the soot and ash handling capacity of DPF system and perform tests on a full-scale prototype. In order to move forward to the next step the functionality of the filter should be investigated. Moreover, a complete model of flow inside the filter can help parameter investigation on both downscale and full-scale prototype. Building up a CFD model using fluent which is capable to simulate the flow through all channels and porous media of the filter plates and tuning the pressure drop parameters for all steps of filtration from clean filter to dirty one are the main achievements of this project. CFD results have been tuned by using experimental data of filtration tests.
Keywords:CFD, DPF, Filter plates, Solid works.

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Mr. Y. Rajasekhar Reddy, Mr. K. Srinivasa Chalapathi, Mr. S.Jush kumar, "Design Optimization of Diesel Particulate Filter Using CFD"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Real-Time Monitoring of Industrial Environmental Temperature using LabVIEW
  Ram Murugesh R., Ashok Kumar L, Wesley Maria Jones P. , Kumaravel R
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Graphical System Design applications are the fastest spreading one in the field of industrial environment. Over the decades monitoring of physical parameters in the industrial environment is made easy with various sensors. Several softwares are used to monitor those physical parameters. The objective of the work is to monitor the environmental temperature. The sensors that are used to measure the physical parameters tend to give electrical output either in form of Voltage or Current. In this paper current output is preferred for temperature conversions rather than the voltage output as they tend to drop over the transmission line. The current output of Temperature/Humidity sensor (THD Series) is converted into temperature in degree Celsius. The Real-Time environmental parameters are acquired from Autonics Temperature/Humidity sensor using NI Compact DAQ 9174(cDAQ). A Graphical approach is developed in LabVIEW platform to monitor the environmental temperature with the help of a PC.
Keywords:Temperature, Data Acquisition, LabVIEW. cDAQ9174.

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Ram Murugesh R., Ashok Kumar L, Wesley Maria Jones P. , Kumaravel R, "Real-Time Monitoring of Industrial Environmental Temperature using LabVIEW"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Study the Magnetic Properties of Invar Alloys by Using High Pressure Mössbaur Spectroscopy
  N. A. Khalefa
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

High pressure ⁵⁷F MÖssbaur spectroscopy measurement ( up to 42 Gpa ) at room temperature have been carried out for investigation the magnetic properties of Ɣ(f.c.c) Fe78Ni22 alloys using diamond anvil cell (DAC) technique. The mÖssbaur spectrum at 0 Gpa shows a six line magnetic pattern with broad outer peaks and an average hyperfine field of ~32T characteristic of a disordered alloys. In the pressure rang (278Ni₂₂ alloy at ~7-12 Gpa. Above 20 Gpa the hyperfine field break down and the alloy becomes non-magnetic showing only a single line MÖsbauer spectrum.
Keywords:mÖssbaur spectrum, Fe₇₈Ni₂₂, ⁵⁷Fe mÖssbaur spectroscopy, ferromagnet

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N. A. Khalefa, "Study the Magnetic Properties of Invar Alloys by Using High Pressure Mössbaur Spectroscopy"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Magnetic and Chemical Order in Heusler Alloys Containing Neodymium and Moiybdenum
  N. A. Khalefa
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Saturation magnetization X-ray and neutron diffraction measurements have been made on alloys at the compositions Nd2MoCd', Nd2MoZn', Nd₂MoCu, Nd₂MoTi, Nd₂MoAg, Nd₂MoZr and NdMoZr. The alloys containing Cu and Ag have fully ordered Heusler, L21, Chemical structure. Nd2MoCd is similarly ordered but with some partial Mo-Cd disorder. The alloys Nd2MoZn and Nd2MoTi each contain a secondary phase in addition to the primary Heusler phase Nd2MoZr contains the two phases Nd122MoZr and Nd and NdMoZr is ordered in the Clb structure. The alloys containing the group IIIB or IVB elements Cb, Zn, Cu, Ti or Ag are ferromagnetically ordered, with the magnetic moment associated with the ordered Nd sites. The two alloys containing the group VB elements Zr have vacant chemically ordered 'Nd' sites but are paramagnetic.
Keywords:Neutron, Nd2MoCd, Heusler, IVB elements and VB elements.

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N. A. Khalefa, "Magnetic and Chemical Order in Heusler Alloys Containing Neodymium and Moiybdenum"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Agent-SSSN: a strategic scanning system network based on multiagent intelligent system and ontology
  Yman CHEMLAL, Hicham MEDROMI
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This article reports a development of a strategic scanning system network prototype system based on multi agent system and ontology, called Agent-SSSN, for developing business intelligent strategies. This is a cooperative approach to integrate the knowledge of experts in business intelligent system. The approach presented in this chapter is targeted towards using ontologies. The use of ontologies in MAS environment enables agent to share a common set of concept about context, expert user profiles and other domain elements while interacting with each other. In this paper, we focus especially on the modeling of the system Multi-Agents using O-MaSE (Organization-based Multiagent Systems Engineering Methodology) and a conceptual diagram of the ontology database.
Keywords:business intelligent, multi-agent intelligent system, ontology, O-MaSE, strategic scanning system

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Yman CHEMLAL, Hicham MEDROMI, "Agent-SSSN: a strategic scanning system network based on multiagent intelligent system and ontology"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Treatment of Distillery Wastewater by Anaerobic Methods
  Vandana Patyal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

One of the major environmental problems faced by the world is management of wastes. Industrial processes create a wide range of wastewater pollutants; which are not only difficult but costly to treat. Characteristics of wastewater and level of pollutants vary significantly from industry to industry. To control this problem today emphasis is laid on waste minimization and revenue generation through by-product and energy recovery. Pollution prevention focuses on preventing the harmful effect of generated wastewater on the environment, while waste minimization refers to reducing the volume or toxicity of hazardous wastes by water recycling and reuse, process modifications and by by-product recovery. Production of ethyl alcohol in distilleries based on cane sugar molasses constitutes a major industry in Asia and South America. The world's total production of alcohol from cane molasses is more than13 million m3/annum. The aqueous distillery effluent stream known as spent wash is a dark brown highly organic effluent and is approximately 12-15 times by volume of the product alcohol. This highly aqueous, organic soluble containing residue is considered a troublesome and potentially polluting waste due to its extremely high BOD and COD values. Because of the high concentration of organic load, distillery spent wash is a potential source of renewable energy. The paper reviews the possibility of anaerobic treatment of the distillery wastewater.
Keywords:Anaerobic processes, ASBR, Distillery Spent wash, Ethanol production, UASB

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Vandana Patyal, "Treatment of Distillery Wastewater by Anaerobic Methods"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Closed loop simulation and hardware implementation of a LED driving circuit from AC source with leakage energy recycling
  Lima N.T, Renuka V.S
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This work deals with the design and implementation of an AC to DC LED driving circuit consisting of a buck boost converter and a flyback converter. A buck boost converter is integrated with a fly back converter by sharing a single power switch. A recycling path is also provided to recycle the leakage energy stored in transformer. An EMI filter and a diode bridge rectifier is also included in this converter topology, EMI filter is used to eliminate high frequency current harmonics at the input line. Diode bridge rectifier is used to convert AC source voltage to DC voltage. The control of this single switch is done by using DSPIC 30F2010.This converter has simple structure, low cost, and ease of control as well. In this way, the developed converter can provide high PF and low total harmonic distortion. The detailed circuit operations and analysis are provided. The theoretical studies and analysis are tested by a prototype of 16-W LED driver with a switching frequency of 60 kHz and also a closed loop simulation is done in MATLAB simulink. The developed converter has maximum power factor of 0.96 and total harmonic distortion of 10.54%
Keywords:Total harmonic distortion (THD), power factor correction (PFC), Leakage energy recycling.

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Lima N.T, Renuka V.S, "Closed loop simulation and hardware implementation of a LED driving circuit from AC source with leakage energy recycling"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Energy Wastage Estimation of a Cold Storage
  Dr. N. Mukhopadhyay, Debasish Mazumdar, Subir Biswas
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Energy consumption of a cold storage was measured for different storage temperatures. Suction temperature and pressure temperature of the compressor and working time of the compressor were determined to reach evaporator setup temperatures. An axial fan located back of the evaporator was used to distribute the cooled air into the cold store. An electrical heater was used to defrost. The compressor suction temperature of ammonia vapour variedbetween273K–271Kand 305K–308K respectively. Compressor suction pressure(p1)=3.5 Kg/cm² and discharge pressure (p2)=10.5Kg/cm².
Keywords:Cold storage, major components of a cold storage, energy consumption, energy wastage, programming.

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Dr. N. Mukhopadhyay, Debasish Mazumdar, Subir Biswas, "Energy Wastage Estimation of a Cold Storage"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Modelling and Simulation of Three Level VSI-Neutral Point Balancing -Fed AC Drive using Intelligence Techniques
  K.Mohan Krishna, J.N.Chandra Sekhar, Dr.G.V.Marutheswar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Multilevel inverter equipment has developed recently as a very important alternative in the area of high power medium voltage energy control.in multilevel inverter is the most important topologies like diode clamped inverter (neutral point clamped),capacitor clamped(flying capacitor) and cascaded multi cell with separate dc sources. Multilevel inverters are used in high voltage and high power applications with less harmonic contents. This paper proposes a software implementation for neutral point clamped (NPC) three level voltage source inverter using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) techniques. The inverter feeds an electrical system which is controlled by field oriented control (FOC).The improvement of the control technique is achieved using intelligence techniques. The operation of the electrical system is verified in steady state and transient state responses. This software implementation is performed by using matlab/Simulink software. This paper gives comparison between SVPWM three phase three level with neutral point clamped and without neutral point clamped. Finally, the comparative study of different techniques was implemented.
Keywords:Vector control, Neutral point clamped three level inverter, Space vector pulse width modulation, Induction motor, PI controller, Fuzzy logic controller and Hybrid controller.

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K.Mohan Krishna, J.N.Chandra Sekhar, Dr.G.V.Marutheswa, "Modelling and Simulation of Three Level VSI-Neutral Point Balancing -Fed AC Drive using Intelligence Techniques"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water depth under the climatic condition of Rewa
  AbhayAgrawal, R. S. Rana, P.K. Shrivastava
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water supply is a fundamental need. Without potable water or drinking water (less than about 500 ppm of salt) human life is not possible. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a fresh, liquid state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic chemicals. For this reason, purification of water supplies is extremely important. Keeping these things in mind, we have devised a model which will convert the saline ground water into pure and potable water using the renewable source of energy (i.e. solar energy). Solar energy is an abundant, never lasting, and available on site and pollution free energy.Solar Energy is freely available and can be used as a very cheap option to convert saline ground Water through Solar Distillation, by using Solar Stills. The conventional single basin and single slop Passive Solar Still can be used to purify water but the main problem is that the per square meter distillate output is less. So it is need to modify the design of solar still for high output of solar distillate Solar still is easy to construct, can be done by local people from locally available materials, simple in operation by unskilled Personnel, no hard maintenance requirements and almost no operation cost. Simplest basin type models of solar still in earlier days, researchers have progressed a lot to increase its efficiency. Suitable modification of solar still can produce high output using minimum areas of land and even in cloudy days. Experimental study is done at Rewa M.P. on two different basin water depth solar stills. Low water depth solar water still is produced more distillate than high water depth still by the experiment.
Keywords:Solar still, saline Water, Evaporation, Basin Water and Solar Distillation.

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AbhayAgrawal, R. S. Rana, P.K. Shrivastava, "Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water depth under the climatic condition of Rewa"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A New Surface Modification Technique and Their Characterisation: Friction Stir Processing of Al-Zn-Mg Alloy
  P. K. Mandal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Since aluminium alloy is a well-known light alloys to use in aerospace and automotive industries. Therefore, a new method, so far little known in metal forming industries, is the friction stir processing of surface layers. Friction stir processing (FSP) is an emerging surface engineering solid-state technology which provides the ability to thermomechnically process selective locations on the materials surface and to enhance specific properties to some considerable depth. However, from a practical point of view it is important to determine the impact of FSP conditions, therefore, a tool rotation speed, travel rate, pressure force as well as the shape and type of tool on the moment acting to heat generated in the stirring area. The heat generated in the area being processed and the level of plastic strain are factors having a decisive effect on microsturctural changes, and, consequently, on the mechanical and functional properties of newly formed areas. In this phenomena that the main FSP features have been investigated through OM (optical microscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and mechanical properties. Moreover, aluminium alloy being an age-hardening response to evaluated through Vicker's hardness measurement a typical characterisation at present task. The research of the FSP of surface layers, so far has been focused mainly on the metallurgical analysis of microsturctural changes in modified aluminium alloys.
Keywords:light alloy,FSP features, solid-state technology, mechanical properties, TEM.

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P. K. Mandal, "A New Surface Modification Technique and Their Characterisation: Friction Stir Processing of Al-Zn-Mg Alloy"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effective Utilisation of Waste Glass in Concrete
  Sameer Shaikh, S.S.Bachhav, D.Y. Kshirsagar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Glass is a widely used product throughout the world; it is versatile, durable and reliable. The uses of glass ranges drastically, therefore waste glass is discarded, stockpiled or land filled. About million tons of waste glass is generated and around large percent of this glass is disposed of in landfills. This pattern has influenced environmental organizations to pressure the professional community to lower the amount of glass being discarded as well as find use to the non-recycled glass in new applications. In relation, the recycling of waste glass as a component in concrete gives waste glass a sustainable alternative to land filling and therefore makes it economically viable.The proposed study of utilising waste glass powder(GLP) in concrete as partial replacement of cement as well as the use of crushed glass particles(CGP) retained on 1.18mm & 2.36mm IS sieve as a partial replacement to sand, which offers important benefits related to strength of concrete as well as it is eco-friendly. Recycling of mixed-colour waste glass possesses major problems for municipalities, and this problem can be greatly eliminated by re-using waste glass as sand/cement replacement in concrete. Moreover, re-using waste materials in construction can reduce the demand on the sources of primary materials.In this project the attempts have been made to partially replace the cement as well as sand by waste glass powder and crushed glass particles with equal combination by 5% interval up to 20% replacement and observe its effect on the strength of concrete after 7 days and 28 days of curing.
Key word: compressive strength,crushed glass particles, flexural strength, Glass powder,partial replacement, split tensile strength.

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Sameer Shaikh, S.S.Bachhav, D.Y. Kshirsagar, "Effective Utilisation of Waste Glass in Concrete"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• The Risk and Challenges of Cloud Computing
  Usman Namadi Inuwa
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Summary:

Cloud computing is a computing technology aiming to share storage, computation, and services transparently among a massive users. Current cloud computing systems pose serious limitation to protecting the confidentiality of user data. Since the data share and stored is presented in unencrypted forms to remote machines owned and operated by third party service providers despite it sensitivity (example contact address, mails), the risks of disclosing user confidential data by service providers may be quite high and the risk of attacking cloud storage by third party is also increasing. The purpose of this study is to review researches done on this technology, identify the security risk and explore some techniques for protecting users‟ data from attackers in the cloud.
keywords:Cloud Computing, Review, Security challenges, Threats.

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Usman Namadi Inuwa"The Risk and Challenges of Cloud Computing "Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Development of Wood-Plastic Composite at Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, Kenya
  Madaraka F. Mwema, Ngugi J. Mburu, Nzyoki Boniface Mutunga, Fondo Charo Kalama
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Disposal of plastics and other solid wastes has been a major problem in Kenya. Most of these wastes can be recycled through various ways and methods to produce new products. Plastics can be combined with sawdust to develop composite materials for applications such as in building. In this project, a wood-plastic composite (WPC) was developed from sawdust and plastic solid wastes.
The composite bore the advantages of both wood and plastics which can be applied in various sectors including interior design work and in automotive among others, thereby curbing the problem of garbage accumulation in the environment. The project provides eco-friendly solutions by making best use of the available resources (wood and plastic resins) thus, finding sustainable solutions to the problem of limited waste dumping sites and deforestation in the country. The composites were made from PP and HDPE thermoplastics and mahogany sawdust obtained from our wood workshop in Dedan Kimathi University. From the tests carried out and results obtained, it was found that, the composite has more advantages than the individual constituent materials.
Water absorption test revealed that all the samples took up water though not as much pronounced as for plain sawdust. Additionally, the rate of water reduction was found to be excellent. They took less time to release the absorbed water to the environment meaning that they can be applied in humid or wet environ. The composite samples were easy to machine since they were easily shaped using a handsaw.
Keywords: Wood, plastic, wood-plastic composite, HDPE, PP, water absorption

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Madaraka F. Mwema, Ngugi J. Mburu, Nzyoki Boniface Mutunga, Fondo Charo Kalama, "Development of Wood-Plastic Composite at Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, Kenya"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design and stress analysis of broach tool for splines
  Deepak .V. Mishra, Kshitija .M. Deshmukh, Vaibhav Somani
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Broaches are used for machining either internal or external surface (i.e. sizing of holds and cutting of serrations, straight or helical planes, gun rifling and key ways). In this work a broach cutting tool is design to perform internal splines of synch shuttle transmission for flange coupling. Broaching is a machining process in which a cutting tool, having multiple transverse cutting edges, is pushed or pulled through a hole or surface to remove metal by axial method. It is capable of production rates as much as 25 times faster than any traditional metal removing methods In this work a broach cutting tool is design to perform internal splines on sleeve main shaft. A sophisticated ANSYS 11 (FEM) package shall be used to analyze the displacements and stresses present in broach cutting tool. Further the solid model can be used to perform the finite element analysis which would help in knowing the characteristic of the broach tool under various cutting loads.

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Deepak .V. Mishra, Kshitija .M. Deshmukh, Vaibhav Somani, "Design and stress analysis of broach tool for splines"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Valuation of surfactant Phosphonates synthesized in the protection of metal surfaces against corrosion of mild steel in 0.5M H₂SO₄ media
  R. Ghibate, F. Sabry, Y. Kharbach, Y. Kandri Rodi, M.K. Skalli, A. Haoudi, O. Senhaji, M. Touzani, R. Taouil, A. Aouniti, B. Hammouti
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this article, we are interesting to investigate the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in sulfuric acid by two surfactants phospohonates already synthesized namely sodium methyldodecylphosphonate (Pho1) and sodium methyl (11-methacryloyloxyundecyl) phosphonate (Pho2). The inhibition performances of Pho1 and Pho2 on mild steel corrosion in 0,5M H₂SO₄ solution were studied using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), weight loss, and Tafel polarization technics. The experimental results suggest that those surfactants are effective corrosion inhibitors and the inhibition efficiency increases with the increase surfactants concentrations. Polarization measurements proved that the inhibitors behave as mixed-type. EIS diagram appears a large capacitive loop at high frequencies (HF) followed by a small inductive loop at low frequencies (LF) for Pho2, and the addition of this surfactant inhibitor increases the impedance of electrode. The adsorption of each surfactant on steel surface obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were calculated and discussed. Values of inhibition efficiency calculated from weight loss, Tafel polarization curves, and EIS are in good agreement.
Key word: Surfactant phosphonates, mild steel, corrosion inhibition, H₂SO₄ acid, weight loss, polarization, EIS

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R. Ghibate, F. Sabry, Y. Kharbach, Y. Kandri Rodi, M.K. Skalli, A. Haoudi, O. Senhaji, M. Touzani, R. Taouil, A. Aouniti, B. Hammouti, "Valuation of surfactant Phosphonates synthesized in the protection of metal surfaces against corrosion of mild steel in 0.5M H2SO4 media"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Modeling and Testing of a PV/T hybrid system with Water based Optical Filter
  Sachin Gupta and Usha Bajpai
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A theoretical model has been developed for the Non-imaging V-trough hybrid PV/T concentrator systems along with optical filter and validated with the designed and fabricated system to assess over all thermal efficiency of the PV/T system. A V-trough concentrator system has been developed for two axes tracking. Commercially available solar modules were evaluated for their usability under 2-sun concentration. V-trough concentrator with geometric concentration ratio of 2 (2-sun), we are getting an average overall efficiency of the PV/T system increased by 23.54 % extra overall thermal efficiency of the PV/T system as compared to the solar module efficiency at standard test conditions.
Key words – PV/T Systems, Hybridization, Optical Filter, Overall thermal efficiency, V-trough

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Sachin Gupta and Usha Bajpai, "Modeling and Testing of a PV/T hybrid system with Water based Optical Filter"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An Approach on Determination on Coal Quality using Digital Image Processing
  Ms. Shrilekha P. Rathod, Prof. A. H. Soni
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Worldwide coal in the 21st century will be influenced by concerns about the effects of coal combustion on the local, regional and global environment and on human health. Reliable coal quality data can help decision maker to better assess the risks and limit the possible environmental degradation and impact on health. Although millions of coal analysis have been performed worldwide, existing national quality databases are generally of limited use because much of the data are not readily accessible; geographic coverage are not comprehensive; analytical data may not be accurate; samples may not be representative, or current. This paper attempts to gives a fast, accurate, user-friendly and computerized method for analysis of coal quality using techniques of digital image processing for its better utilization.
Key word: Coal Quality, Coal Composition, Digital Image Processing, Saliency Map.

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Ms. Shrilekha P. Rathod, Prof. A. H. Soni, "An Approach on Determination on Coal Quality using Digital Image Processing"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Implementing Iris in the Railway Control Office Application for Secure Saas in Cloud Environment
  Dr. K. Meena, Dr. M. Manimekalai, R. Raghuraman
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Technology plays a vital role in each and every part of the world. In particular ―Cloud‖ computing - a moderately recent term, characterizes the path to develop the advancement in the world of computer science. Further, Cloud provides an affordable environment for its users through different forms of services such as SaaS (Software as a service), PaaS (Platform as a service), and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service). Cloud computing is also an Internet-based computing where a large pool of systems are connected in private or public networks, and provide dynamically scalable infrastructure for application data as well as file storage. Security of Cloud computing is an evolving sub-domain of network security, computer security and information security. In spite of its advantages, Cloud environment has many security flaws such as loss of important data, data leakage and something related to cloning, resource pooling etc. Security of Cloud Computing is an emerging area for study. It includes several security and privacy issues with challenges and solutions for many security issues of cloud computing. The Control Office Application (COA) is the latest addition to train operations related IT application of Indian Railways. Along with the Freight Operations Information System (FOIS), COA has led to a complete transformation in train operations and facilitates all information on train operations being computer generated. It is this application that feeds the National Train Enquiry System (NTES) which provides passengers with up to date information on train running. COA also provides train operations information to FOIS and ICMS. The objective of the Indian Railways is to further improve the operations by using technological aids that enable quicker data capture and intelligent applications that provide better planning and forecasting tools. To overcome these issues, in Cloud computing, we can use SaaS (software as a service). In this paper, we have proposed a new IRIS algorithm to authenticate the users of COA software in the cloud environment.
Keywords: COA, SaaS, PaaS, IRIS, Authentication.

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Dr. K. Meena, Dr. M. Manimekalai, R. Raghuraman, "Implementing Iris in the Railway Control Office Application for Secure Saas in Cloud Environment"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Instrumentation and Automation of Mechatronic
  Cortez Italo Jose, Cortez Liliana, Trinidad Garcia Gregorio, Morokina Galina S, Luisillo Miguel
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents the methodology used for the automation of a mechanical system, which will be used to perform scans on tooth surfaces, in this paper the mathematical modeling of the structure for further implementation was carried out in order to get a reconfigurable device using specialized software. To carry out this study various mathematical tools for developing the mathematical model were used, then control routines that allow the manipulation mechanism for each axis independently performed. The implementation was carried out by integrating various electrical, electronic and computer systems for an efficient control of the movement and location of robot systems.
Key word: Automation, model, mathematical, mechatronic system, microcontroller, data acquisition card.

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Cortez Italo Jose, Cortez Liliana, Trinidad Garcia Gregorio, Morokina Galina S, Luisillo Miguel, "Instrumentation and Automation of Mechatronic"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Evaluation of Power Conversion on Heavy Payload Tethered Hexarotors: A Strategic Approach
  Wasantha Samarathunga, Guangwei Wang and Shiqin Wang
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

" This research article addresses the evaluation of power conversion on heavy payload tethered hexarotors where the payloads are high and hovering times are long. Modifications were added to the power conversion unit based on operation reliability perspective. Since the objective power conversion is large comparing to existing tethered UAVs today, a strategic engineering approach was proposed and tested based on partial observations on current spikes and power thresholds of DCDC switching regulators. Research problem is such that, when UAV motors are consuming low currents, the current spikes are not the plausible cause of direct power failure. But at higher currents even small current spikes could cause power failures. Risk increase with time and situations worsen when UAVs operate under high precision flight controls. When the number of parallel converters are small this becomes a mission critical problem. As a solution, fast switching high current diodes are used at the low voltage high current output to block reverse currents, and then apply low voltage bus bar to prevent dependency issues on particular DCDC module. At the cost of a small power dissipations over diodes, the total current thresholds of UAV become higher. Experiment results shows that with the use of proposed method large number of paralleling switching regulators become possible and heavy payload flights become reliable.
Keywords - Tethered Hexarotors, Heavy Payload UAV, Paralleling Switching Regulators, Power Conversion Evaluations, Low Voltage Bus Bar.

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Wasantha Samarathunga, Guangwei Wang and Shiqin Wang, "Evaluation of Power Conversion on Heavy Payload Tethered Hexarotors: A Strategic Approach"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Reduction of Un-safe Work Practices by Enhancing Shop floor Safety– A case study
  Dr. B P Mahesh, Vanishree Beloor, K. Arpitha, N Naveen
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Industrial safety is of utmost important in the present industrial scenario in order to protect employees, plant and environment. The present study is carried out in a machine tool manufacturing company. The initial study revealed several problems with respect to industrial safety and productivity. Keeping these problems in view, the aim of the present study was to analyse the existing layout and designing the new layout to improve the productivity by ensuring safety in the shop floor according to the standards.The existing problems were analysed systematically and solved by adopting andimplementing DuPont Safety Model. The implementation resulted in increasing the safety and productivity in the organization.
Keywords - Layout, Productivity, safety, DuPont Safety Model.

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Dr. B P Mahesh, Vanishree Beloor, K. Arpitha, N Naveen, "Reduction of Un-safe Work Practices by Enhancing Shop floor Safety– A case study"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Survey of Security of Multimodal Biometric Systems
  Suvarnsing G. Bhable
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A biometric system is essentially a pattern recognition system being used in adversarial environment. Since, biometric system like any conventional security system is exposed to malicious adversaries, who can manipulate data to make the system ineffective by compromising its integrity. Current theory and design methods of biometric systems do not take into account the vulnerability to such adversary attacks. Therefore, evaluation of classical design methods is an open problem to investigate whether they lead to design secure systems. In order to make biometric systems secure it is necessary to understand and evaluate the threats and to thus develop effective countermeasures and robust system designs, both technical and procedural, if necessary. Accordingly, the extension of theory and design methods of biometric systems is mandatory to safeguard the security and reliability of biometric systems in adversarial environments.
Keywords - Face, Fingerprint, Unimodal Biometrics & Multimodal Biometrics

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Suvarnsing G. Bhable, "A Survey of Security of Multimodal Biometric Systems"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of Various Replacement Levels of Waste Marble Dust In Place of Fine Aggregate to Study the Fresh and Hardened Properties of Concrete
  Dr. M.Vijaya Sekhar Reddy, K.Ashalatha, M.Madhuri, P.Sumalatha
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Marble has been widely used in structures since ancient times. Most of the monuments and ancient sculptures were made with the help of marbles. Nowadays, marbles are used for the decoration purpose, which increases its demand in the market. With the increase in production of marbles it increases the waste that obtained from it. As marble powder is the waste product, obtained during the process of sawing and shaping of marble by parent marble rock, contains heavy metals which makes the water unfit for use. Marble powder creates environmental problems. Due to environmental problems, it has a great impact on human health as well as on nature. To control its effects we have to use this waste in the production of concrete.The present study is aimed at utilizing waste marble dust (WMD) in construction industry itself as fine aggregate in concrete, replacing natural sand. The replacement is done partially and fully in the various proportions like 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and its effect on properties of concrete were investigated. The study indicated that waste marble dust can effectively be used as fine aggregate replacement (up to50%) without substantial change in strength.
Keywords - Compressive Strength, Concrete, Fine Aggregate, Marble dust and Workability.

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Dr. M.Vijaya Sekhar Reddy, K.Ashalatha, M.Madhuri, P.Sumalatha, "Effect of Various Replacement Levels of Waste Marble Dust In Place of Fine Aggregate to Study the Fresh and Hardened Properties of Concrete"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Studying the Factors Affecting Mainteneance Strategies & Computerised Maintenance
  Eng. Abdel rehim Mohamed El baz & Eng. Ahmed Ibraheam Abd alaziz
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Manufacturing firmѕ face great preѕѕure to reduce their production coѕtѕ continuouѕly. One of the main expenditure itemѕ for theѕe firmѕ iѕ maintenance coѕt which can reach 15–70% of production coѕtѕ, varying according to the type of induѕtry (Bevilacqua and Braglia, 2000). The amount of money ѕpent on maintenance in a ѕelected group of companieѕ iѕ eѕtimated to be about 600 billion dollarѕ in 1989 (Wireman, 1990, cited by Chan et al., 2005). On the other hand, maintenance playѕ an important role in keeping availability and reliability levelѕ, product quality, and ѕafety requirementѕ. Unfortunately, unlike production and manufacturing problemѕ which have received tremendouѕ intereѕt from reѕearcherѕ and practitionerѕ, maintenance received little attention in the paѕt. Thiѕ iѕ one of the reaѕonѕ that reѕultѕ in low maintenance efficiency in induѕtry at preѕent. Aѕ indicated by Mobley (2002), one third of all maintenance coѕtѕ iѕ waѕted aѕ the reѕult of unneceѕѕary or improper maintenance activitieѕ. Today, reѕearch in thiѕ area iѕ on the riѕe. Moreover, the role of maintenance iѕ changing from a "neceѕѕary evil" to a "profit contributor" and towardѕ a "partner" of companieѕ to achieve world-claѕѕ competitiveneѕѕ (Waeyenbergh and Pintelon, 2002). Therefore, reѕearch on maintenance repreѕentѕ an opportunity for making ѕignificant contribution by academicѕ.

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Eng. Abdel rehim Mohamed El baz & Eng. Ahmed Ibraheam Abd alaziz, "Studying the Factors Affecting Mainteneance Strategies & Computerised Maintenance"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A-Well defined raw material specifications of product and its components, a key of successful new product design. A critical evaluation by case study
  Vidyadhar Malhar Dandge, Heramb Vidyadhar Dandge, Sohail Khalid Momin, Sidhesh Parab
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

New product design and development indeed needs long termvision for better product life and hence to have better product features the design team has to take into consideration various techno-commercial aspects todesign and develop most adequate new product. Normally in case of new product design all related activities are initiated by the team of technicians under the directive jointly given by top and marketing management of the concerned organization. Due to global competition in the market the product requirements are needed to be carefully identified so as to make the product more user friendly to the customers. Considering this it is quite obvious that top priority is for product performance considerations at the same time they have to establish the product cost to make it more competent in the market. Due to these constraints recently the design and development function has no more remained the responsibility technocrats but it has become techno-commercial activity. One should treat this as design and development joint activity to be performed by the dedicated team of techno-commercial people who are well equipped with sound technical knowledge so as to design the best possible product. Due to this reason the primary design activity is seen to be interfacing with various departments such as Marketing, Materials, Tool room ,Manufacturing, Vendor development and many other related departments and valuable in puts from them are badly needed at the initial phase of product design and development. This helps in identifying the product needs at various manufacturing stages well in advance. This ultimately helps the design department to deliver the most adequate product with no operational problems and product is ready to satisfy customer's needs which ultimately leads to growth of organization through smooth product life cycle management.
Keywords - Product requirements, Functional considerations, PLCM.

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Vidyadhar Malhar Dandge, Heramb Vidyadhar Dandge, Sohail Khalid Momin, Sidhesh Parab, "A-Well defined raw material specifications of product and its components, a key of successful new product design. A critical evaluation by case study"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Backtracking Algorithm for Single-Axis Solar Trackers installed in a sloping field
  Bruno Nascimento, Daniel Albuquerque, Miguel Lima, Pedro Sousa
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper we present a backtracking algorithm that improves the energy production of a single-axis solar tracker by reducing the shadow caused by neighboring panels. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can operate in any field slope avoiding the necessity of correcting the field slope where the solar tracker is placed. This is an important feature once it will reduced the time and the manpower during the solar tracker setup. The results have shown that the algorithm presents a similar performance comparing to similar algorithms that were designed only for horizontal fields.
Keywords - PV Panels; Solar Trackers; Backtracking Algorithms; Solar Position; Renewable Energy.

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Bruno Nascimento, Daniel Albuquerque, Miguel Lima, Pedro Sousa, "Backtracking Algorithm for Single-Axis Solar Trackers installed in a sloping field"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Use of neodymium in passive temperature sensors
  Ing. Michal Gorzás
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The paper suggests the possibility of utilizing the principle of the Curie temperature for identification of increased temperatures resulting from a developing fire. The proposed temperature sensor can complement the existing fire protection system and increase its effectiveness.
Keywords - Curie temperature, neodymium, temperature sensor

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Ing. Michal Gorzás, "Use of neodymium in passive temperature sensors"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fuzzy Logic in Medicine and Bioinformatics
  Amitav Saran, Subhashree Sukla, Prabakaran P
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to present a general view of the current applications of fuzzy logic in medicine and bioinformatics. We particularly review the medical literature using fuzzy logic.We then recall the geometrical interpretation of fuzzy sets as points in a fuzzy hypercube and present two concrete illustrations in medicine (drug addictions) and in bioinformatics (comparison of genomes)..
Keywords - ...

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Amitav Saran, Subhashree Sukla, Prabakaran P "Fuzzy Logic in Medicine and Bioinformatics"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An impact analysis of functions of Co-operative banks in rural development
  Mr. Nihar Ranjan Swain, Mr.Manas Ranjan Pati
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

India is mainly an agrarian society with more than half of its population still residing in the rural areas. Rural sector is the major contributor to the overall GDP of the nation, hence lack of development in rural areas leads to lack of development in India. Rural Development aims at finding the ways to improve the rural lives with participation of the rural people themselves so as to meet the required need of the rural area. Cooperative institutions are playing the significant role in financing the developmental activities in rural sector through their vast network of credit societies. Cooperative Banks in India have become an integral part of the success of Indian Financial Inclusion story. They have achieved many landmarks since their creation and have helped a normal rural Indian to feel empowered and secure. The cooperative banks are expected to perform some duties, namely, extend all types of credit facilities to customers in cash and kind, advance consumption loans, extended banking facilities in rural areas, mobilize deposits, etc. This study provides conceptual analysis the role of cooperative banks in rural development..
Keywords - Co-operative Banking, Rural Development, Rural Economy, Economic Development

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Mr. Nihar Ranjan Swain, Mr.Manas Ranjan Pati "An impact analysis of functions of Co-operative banks in rural development"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fuzzy Programming Technique for Multiobjective Capacitated Transportaion Problem
  Manoranjan Mishra, Sasmita Hota, Sunita Barik, Sarala Prasanna Pattnaik
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]


• Dielectric elastomer with desirable thermal, mechanical, and dielectric characteristics for use as an actuator
  C M VEERABHADRASWAMY
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]