• Determination of Significant Process Parameter in Metal Inert Gas Welding of Mild Steel by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
  Rakesh, Satish Kumar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The aim of present study is to determine the most significant input parameter such as welding current, arc voltage and root gap during the Metal Inert Gas Welding (MIG) of Mild Steel 1018 grade by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The hardness and tensile strength of weld specimen are investigated in this study. The selected three input parameters were varied at three levels. On the analogy, nine experiments were performed based on L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi's methodology, which consist three input parameters. Root gap has greatest effect on tensile strength followed by welding current and arc voltage. Arc voltage has greatest effect on hardness followed by root gap and welding current. Weld metal consists of fine grains of ferrite and pearlite.
Key word: GMAW, MIG, Mild Steel, Welding, Taguchi, ANOVA.

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Rakesh, Satish Kumar, "Determination of Significant Process Parameter in Metal Inert Gas Welding of Mild Steel by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Waste to Wealth; The Utilization of Scrap Tyre as Aggregate in Bituminous Mixes for Road Construction
  Oba, A. L., Onungwe, I., George, A.G., Amgbara, T.O. & Akpan P.P
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

TThe problem associated with solid waste management is on the increase both in the industries, urban cities and in the rural areas. In the United States of America, Asia and Europe, there are over hundreds of waste to wealth combustion plants from where solid wastes are incinerated. In Nigeria, amidst the increasing importation of vehicle tyre such plants are scarcely in existence to enhance generation of revenue from waste through the extraction of raw material for the production of light weight aggregates, printing ink, paints, shoe polish, dry cell and battery heads. This research paper seeks to utilize vehicle scrap tyre (VST) as aggregates in asphaltic mixture by adopting the dry process to evaluate the effect of rubber-bitumen interaction on asphaltic concrete properties; laboratory investigation using 4.75mm, 2.36mm and 0.600mm chunk tyre particle size modified asphalt mixture containing 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% scrap tyre and 0% tyre content as control mixture. The mixtures were subjected to Marshall Tests where the stability, flow, percentage air void, unit weight, void mineral aggregate, height of specimen and specific gravity were determined. The results obtained shows that as tyre percentage increase the stability, unit weight and specific gravity value decreases. On the other hand, as the tyre content increases, the flow and height of specimen increases while as the tyre content increases the percentage air void and VMA increased for 4.75mm Tyre Particle Size (TPS) and 2.36mm TPS while for 0.600mm TPS, reverse is the case. In summary and in comparism with standard specification for road construction material, the Marshall tests conducted on the tyre modified specimens remained intact and by interpretation; material possessing such property indicates good impact resistance when use as surface course in flexible pavement. Conclusively, the use of 10% 4.75mm, 4% 2.36mm or 4% 0.600mm TPS by weight of aggregate in asphaltic concrete is recommended for medium traffic volume pavement which in turn leads to a considerable percentage of sanitation in our cities in terms of reduction in scrap tyre waste management and waste to wealth generation.
Key word: Waste, Scrap Tyre, Aggregate, Management, Nigeria.

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Oba, A. L., Onungwe, I., George, A.G., Amgbara, T.O. & Akpan P.P, "Waste to Wealth; The Utilization of Scrap Tyre as Aggregate in Bituminous Mixes for Road Construction"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Sustainable development in agriculture: a socio-ecological approach
  A. De Castro, C. F. Fronza
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper is presented a perspective on sustainability in agriculture - which derives from a notion of development tied to the idea of growth - supported by technological advances aimed at ensuring sustainable management of natural resources. In this sense, we consider here a socio-ecological approach in order to bring together the individual and their environment, showing that this relationship is fundamental for a process of coevolution, where nature and human being together can define the organization society.
Keywords: Sustainability; Natural resources; Water resource; Food production.

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A. De Castro, C. F. Fronza, "Sustainable development in agriculture: a socio-ecological approach"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Low Temperature Pyrolysis of Graptolite Argillite (Dictyonema Shale) in Autoclaves
  Galina Sharayeva, Laine Tiikma, Hans Luik, Ille Johannes
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The results of the systematic experimental study obtained in this work on the effects of temperature (340–420 °C) and exposure time (0–8h) at nominal temperature on the yield of pyrolysis products from Estonian graptolite argillite (GA) generated in autoclaves without any solvent are described. The yields of solid residue (SR), gas, pyrogenetic water (W) and extractable with benzenemix ofthermobitumen and oil (TBO) were estimated. The compound groups of TBO were assessed. The highest yield of TBO, 2.18% on dry GA basis and 13.2% of organic matter (OM) was obtained at temperature of 420 °C and duration 0.5 h. The main compound groups in TBO obtained at 400 ᵒC are polar hetero-atomic compounds and polycyclic hydrocarbons surpassing 45% and 30% of TBO. The shares of aliphatic and monocyclic hydrocarbons are below 15% of TBO. The yield of W from GA is – about 10-15% of OM. The quantity of OM left in SR after pyrolysis is high, about 65% of OM. The yield of pyrolysis products from GA and the composition of its TBO are compared with those obtained under similar conditions from different oil shales: Estonian Kukersite, US Utah Green River, and Jordanian Attarat.
Keywords-Graptolite argillite, Dictyonema shale, Low temperature pyrolysis, Autoclaves

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A. Galina Sharayeva, Laine Tiikma, Hans Luik, Ille Johannes, "Low Temperature Pyrolysis of Graptolite Argillite (Dictyonema Shale) in Autoclaves"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design of Experimentation, Artificial Neural Network Simulation and Optimization for Integrated Bamboo Processing Machine
  P. G. Mehar, Dr. A. V. Vanalkar, Dr. S. S. Khandare
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this research work experimentation on integrated bamboo processing machine for splitting and slicing of bamboo has been carried out. This paper presents the experimental investigation of some parameters of integrated bamboo processing machine. In this research paper simulation of experimental data using artificial neural network is carried out. An attempt of minimum-maximum principle has been made to optimize by range bound process for maximizing production rate of integrated bamboo processing machine.
Key word: Bamboo, Splitting, slicing, experimentation, ANN, optimization.

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P. G. Mehar, Dr. A. V. Vanalkar, Dr. S. S. Khandare, "Design of Experimentation, Artificial Neural Network Simulation and Optimization for Integrated Bamboo Processing Machine"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Dual-Level Adaptive Supply Voltage System with Bandgap Reference MPR for Variation Resilience
  Kankanala Pallavi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Nowadays VLSI circuits have become much advanced by overcoming many challenges such as extra power consumption, but circuit aging along with process variations are still challenging the advancements in power efficient VLSI circuits. The aim of this dissertation is to propose the new adaptive technique to efficiently compensate the fine grained variations by addressing the limitations in existing adaption approach. Adaptive supply voltage (ASV) is proved to be one among the top most adaptation approaches in tuning of power performance. Controlling power leakage is the main advantage in using ASV, while delivery overheads along with voltage generation from conventional ASV systems make their application to mitigate fine-grained variations demanding. The main aim of this dissertation is to present a dual level ASV system with band gap reference Miniature programmable regulator (BGRMPR). Reference voltage independent of process and temperature variations can be achieved because of using band gap reference voltage. Another advantage of adapting this approach is because less power is consumed by system when compared to dual-level ASV system with MPR.
Key word: Band gap reference, aging, Adaptive system, process variation, VLSI circuits.

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Raj Kankanala Pallavi, "Dual-Level Adaptive Supply Voltage System with Bandgap Reference MPR for Variation Resilience"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Mathematical Modeling Approach of the Failure Analysis for the Real-Time Mexican Satellite Space Launch Center
  Omar Ariosto Niño Prieto, Luis Enrique Colmenares Guillén, Jose Areli Carrera Román
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper, a simulation of the Mathematical Model for Real-Time Satellite Launch Platform approach in Mexico is presented. Mexico holds the fourth best place in the world for building a platform to launch space satellites, since its geographic location is optimal for its construction. It is essential to have the Probabilistic Failure Analysis in Space Systems Engineering from its design, in order to minimize risks and avoid any possible catastrophe. The mathematical approach of Failure Analysis presented throughout this paper, is complementary to the simulation results, previously obtained with Windchill Quality Software. The final results were performed with the Failure Analysis through fault trees (FTA) by means of a probabilistic approach Quantitative Mathematical Model. This is the first step to propose and build the first Satellite Launch Platform in Mexico.
Key word: Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Real Time, Platform to Launch Space Satellites, Space Rockets, External factor, Quantitative data, Mathematical Approach.

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Omar Ariosto Niño Prieto, Luis Enrique Colmenares Guillén, Jose Areli Carrera Román, "A Mathematical Modeling Approach of the Failure Analysis for the Real-Time Mexican Satellite Space Launch Center"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Peer-to-Peer content distribution using automatically recombined fingerprints
  J.Murugeswari, C.Merlin Pauliesther
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Due to the recent advances in broad-band network and multimedia technologies, the distribution of multimedia contents are increasing. This will help a malicious party to duplicate and redistribute the contents; hence the protection of the ownership is required in multimedia content distribution. The encryption of content cannot solve the issue, because it must be ultimately decrypted at genuine users who have legal authority to distribute content. Therefore, additional protection mechanisms are needed to discourage unauthorized redistribution. One of the mechanisms is to generate the fingerprinting of multimedia which enables a seller to trace illegal users by embedding identification information into the content. The research on fingerprinting techniques is classified into two studies: collusion resistant fingerprinting systems and cryptographic protocol. Since each user download content with his/her own fingerprint and content is a little different. If users collect some of them, they try to find the difference and modify/delete the embedded information. Unicast transmission is applied in multimedia content distribution which will be give more security to buyers. Merchant will create number of seed buyers who need to distribute the content to child buyers. All the seed buyers should be online to distribute the content. The seed buyer and child buyer fingerprint are need to store in database which will be required to find the illegal redistribution.
Index Terms: recombined fingerprinting, cryptographic, content uploading and splitting

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J.Murugeswari, C.Merlin Pauliesther, "Peer-to-Peer content distribution using automatically recombined fingerprints"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Characteristics and Utilization Principle of Native Plants in Highway
  Ling Zequan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Highway greening projects, in essence, is a kind of ecological restoration project. Plant as the prerequisite and important material basis of ecological restoration, the choice and utilization of plant is the key to the success of green. In the current green design, this part also has many problems. Therefore, this paper puts forward the definition of native plants in ecological theory, and summarizes the characteristics and the use of different types of plants.
Key word: highway; native plant; characteristic; principle

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Ling Zequan, "Characteristics and Utilization Principle of Native Plants in Highway"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Mainly talks about the traffic jams and management countermeasures
  Zhu Kai
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

With the economic development of China's large and medium-sized cities and city scale expands unceasingly, city traffic congestion problem is also growing, has become a bottleneck hindering the development of the city further. At present, governance urban traffic problem is the first strategic task of traffic congestion. Congestion, maximizing efficiency, convenient travel is to be solved.
Key word: urban traffic, traffic jams theory, congestion causes, management advice

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Zhu Kai, "Mainly talks about the traffic jams and management countermeasures"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Thermal Simulations of an Electronic System using Ansys Icepak
  B. Raja, V. Praveenkumar, M. Leelaprasad, P. Manigandan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Present electronics industry component sizes are efficiently reducing to meet the product requirement with compact size with greater performance in compact size products resulting in different problems from thermal prospective to bring product better performance electrically and mechanically.
In this paper we will study how to overcome the thermal problem for a product which includes components reliability and PCB performance by using CFD thermal simulation tool (Ansys Icepak).

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B. Raja, V. Praveenkumar, M. Leelaprasad, P. Manigandan, "Thermal Simulations of an Electronic System using Ansys Icepak"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Leachate Monitoring In The Extracative Industry: A Case Study Of Nigerian Liquified Natural Gas Plant
  Uneke Louis Agwu and Akpan Paul Pualinus
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Activities of extractive industry (NLNG is typical) introduces some chemical substances into the groundwater. These change the groundwater signature and bioaccumulation of some of these classified as hazardous may result in various wealth challenges. Seven areas within the plant where identified by NLNG Six as high risk pollution areas and one (Nature Park) as no pollution risk area. Groundwater samples were collected from all seven areas and analyzed for the presence of Cu, Cr, Zn, nitrate, phosphate and PH. Samples from the no pollution risk area served as control. Results were compared with WHO limits. Except for Cr content which was stable, other results showed fluctuations with time, albeit on the increase, though all remained within WHO limits. Nitrate value is fast approaching limit and requires urgent attention. Unexpected high values of the measured parameters were observed at Nature Park (no pollution risk area) even beyond the high risk pollution areas. This precludes NLNG activities being responsible. The necessity of pre-activity groundwater quality assessment is thus established. Close monitoring of groundwater quality of the extractive industry zones is vital for the protection of source quality.
Key word: NLNG, Ground water, Pollution, Leachate, Monitoring, WHO Limits, Extractive Industry.

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Uneke Louis Agwu and Akpan Paul Pualinus, "Leachate Monitoring In The Extracative Industry: A Case Study Of Nigerian Liquified Natural Gas Plant"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Geo Environmental Investigation of Abuad Dumpsite, Southwestern Nigeria
  Ogundana, A.K, Aladesanmi A. O, Olutomilola O.O, Okunade A
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Geoenvironmental study of ABUAD female dumpsite was conducted to investigate the suitability of its location and potential impact on groundwater in the environment. Profiling and Vertical electrical sounding methods were employed using Dipole - Dipole and Schlumberger configuration respectively. Five points were sounded and one profile was occupied. Three heterogeneous subsurface lithologic units were established namely; lateritic topsoil, clayey-sand, and, fresh basement. The curve types are simple H and HA. The topsoil and clayey-sand materials are characterized with relatively low resistivity values while the fresh basement materials are characterized with high resistivity values. The average resistivity and thickness values for the topsoil are 280.0Ωm and.2.3m respectively. Clayey-sand was encountered in all the locations with average resistivity and thickness values of 32.0Ωm and 7.3m respectively. Basement is relatively shallow in the study area, it was encountered in all the locations with an average resistivity and depth values to the top of basement of 674Ωm, and 9.6m respectively. Overburden materials are relatively thin within the area with an average resistivity and thickness values of 156Ωm, and 9.6m respectively. The overburden materials constituting the aquiferous units within the study area are porous, vulnerable, and good paths for leachate migration. The relatively low resistivity values within the clayey-sand layers (14 - 61Ωm) are suggestive of leachate intrusion, while relatively high resistivity values of the impervious basement are due to their crystalline nature. The proximity of the dumpsite to both the cafeteria and residential halls is a cause for concern.
Key word: Geoenvironmental, Suitability, Heterogeneous subsurface, Leachate migration, Impervious basement.

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Ogundana, A.K, Aladesanmi A. O, Olutomilola O.O, Okunade A, "Geo Environmental Investigation of Abuad Dumpsite, Southwestern Nigeria"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Analysis on different Data mining Techniques and algorithms used in IOT
  Shweta Bhatia, Sweety Patel
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper, we discusses about five functionalities of data mining in IOT that affects the performance and that are: Data anomaly detection, Data clustering, Data classification, feature selection, time series prediction. Some important algorithm has also been reviewed here of each functionalities that show advantages and limitations as well as some new algorithm that are in research direction. Here we had represent knowledge view of data mining in IOT.

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Shweta Bhatia, Sweety Patel, "Analysis on different Data mining Techniques and algorithms used in IOT"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks at Network Layer in WSN
  Sunil Ghildiyal, Bhupender Singh Rautela, Anupam Semwal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Recent advancements in technology, tiny size, cost effectiveness have made sensors as a crucial part of real world sensitive applications. These sensor nodes are scattered over an area to monitor the situations like fire, flood and record the data and to forward meaningful data to the center head node for observation, resulting an advance prompt to control the situation. In last decade, WSN have grown significantly in variety of areas and applications, resulted the high, consistent security mechanism. Also, there is variety of attacks on WSN at their different layers of architecture. Though sensor nodes are not capable enough in terms of power, processing etc. but applications based on these sensors demand on-time collection of information or data and then to send same on reliable, secure delivery medium. Small sensors with limited hardware, processing cannot afford traditional security mechanisms to face or sustain the attacks. There are variety of attacks at different layers of WSN architecture to affect sensor‟s roles like signaling, framing, transmission etc. Many Denial of Service (DoS) attacks are identified at each layer of WSN which are purposeful, planned attacks to hamper the availability of service, restricting the sensor node‟s utility for problem solution. In this paper we will focus on the WSN architecture, characteristics, constraints and various types of DoS attacks primarily on physical and data link layers and particularly at network layer in details with some suggestions against attacks.
Key word: Wireless, Sensor, Power, Denial of Service DoS, Attack, Vulnerabilities.

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Sunil Ghildiyal, Bhupender Singh Rautela, Anupam Semwal, "Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks at Network Layer in WSN"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Testing DRAM and Correcting errorsby using Adaptive Technique
  Divya k, Dr.Sunil Jacob, Mr. Vinoj P.G
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

DRAM(dynamic random access memory) is most widely used in memorytoday. Leakage power is the main issue of DRAM cell. Iteffects the performance of the DRAM. In this paper introduce a new technique ie adaptive technique a spare wire is used to reroute the data in cell which is damaged.

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Divya k, Dr.Sunil Jacob, Mr. Vinoj P.G, "Testing DRAM and Correcting errorsby using Adaptive Technique"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Optical analysis of Cu²⁺: CdO - Li₂O - B₂O₃ -TeO₂ glass
  M.Bhushana Reddy, P.Giridhar, B. Sudhakar Reddy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This article reports on the optical analysis of Cu²⁺ (0.5 mol %): 59.5B₂O₃ – 20 TeO₂ – 10CdO – 10Li₂O glass. From XRD spectrum , amorphous nature of the glass has been studied. Absorption spectrum of the copper glass shows a broad absorption band (²B1g→²B1g) at 829 nm has been observed. Emission spectrum of Cu²⁺ (0.5 mol %): 59.5B₂O₃ – 20 TeO₂ – 10CdO – 10Li₂O glass has exhibits a blue emission at 439 nm with an excitation wavelength 379 nm.
Key word: absorption, Cu²⁺ : glass, emission, excitation, XRD

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M.Bhushana Reddy, P.Giridhar, B. Sudhakar Reddy, "Optical analysis of Cu²⁺: CdO - Li₂O - B₂O₃ -TeO₂ glass"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Evaluation of Optimal Parameters for Surface Roughness Using Single Objective Taguchi Method
  Ch. Maheswara Rao, K. Suresh Babu, G. Venumadhav
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Medium carbon steel EN8 has a wide variety of applications in oil, gas and tool industries. It is most commonly used where high tensile strength is required. In the present work, an attempt has been made to explore the effect of machining parameters on Surface Roughness (Ra). Taguchi's single objective optimization technique is used to optimize the machining parameters in EDM for EN8 steel. For the experimentation Taguchi's L27 Orthogonal array has been used. The input parameters selected are Pulse on time (PON), Pulse off time (POFF), Wire tension (WT) and Wire feed (WF). From the Taguchi results, optimal combination of machining parameters for Surface Roughness is found at Pulse-on time (PON) level 3(131μs), Pulse-off time (POFF) level 2 (58μs), Wire tension (WT) level 1(2 Kg-f) and Wire feed rate (WF) level 1(4m/min). ANOVA was used to find the influence of machining parameters on Surface Roughness. From the results, it is found that wire feed rate (WF) has high influence (F = 47.16) and Pulse-off time (TOFF) has very low influence (F = 1.57) in effecting the Surface Roughness. Regression model for Surface Roughness has been prepared by using MINITAB-16 software. Experimental values and Regression values of Surface Roughness were compared and from the graph, it is clear that both the values are very close to each other. Hence, Regression model prepared is accurate, adequate and it can be used for the prediction of Surface Roughness.
Key word: EN8 steel, Surface Roughness (Ra), Taguchi, ANOVA.

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Ch. Maheswara Rao, K. Suresh Babu, G. Venumadhav, "Evaluation of Optimal Parameters for Surface Roughness Using Single Objective Taguchi Method"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Combination of Wavelet Artificial Neural Networks Integrated with Bootstrap Sampler in Time Series Prediction
  Tásia Hickmann, Liliana M. Gramani, Eloy Kaviski, Luiz A. T. Júnior, Samuel B. Rodrigues
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper, an iterative forecasting methodology for time series prediction that integrates wavelet de-noising and decomposition with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Bootstrap methods is put forward here. Basically, a given time series to be forecasted is initially decomposed into trend and noise (wavelet) components by using a wavelet de-noising algorithm. Both trend and noise components are then further decomposed by means of a wavelet decomposition method producing orthonormal Wavelet Components (WCs) for each one. Each WC is separately modelled through an ANN in order to provide both in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts. At each time t, the respective forecasts of the WCs of the trend and noise components are simply added to produce the in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts of the underlying time series. Finally, out-of-sample predictive densities are empirically simulated by the Bootstrap sampler and the confidence intervals are then yielded, considering some level of credibility. The proposed methodology, when applied to the well-known Canadian lynx data that exhibit non-linearity and non-Gaussian properties, has outperformed other methods traditionally used to forecast it.
Key word: Artificial neural networks, bootstrap sample, forecasts, time series, wavelet de-noising, wavelet decomposition.

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Tásia Hickmann, Liliana M. Gramani, Eloy Kaviski, Luiz A. T. Júnior, Samuel B. Rodrigues, "A Combination of Wavelet Artificial Neural Networks Integrated with Bootstrap Sampler in Time Series Prediction"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-2

• Structural Vibration Control Using Solid Particle Damper
  Haseena. A, Ritzy. R
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper the effectiveness of a solid particle damper to control structural vibration is experimentally investigated. The vibration control performance and its influencing parameters are examined by a Multi Degree of Freedom (MDOF) structure attached with a particle damper (PD) under horizontal excitation. In a particle damping system damping is achieved using solid particles or granules and is a passive damping method. Here the enclosure filled with particles is attached to the primary structure undergoing vibration. As the primary structure vibrates, particles undergo inelastic collision within the enclosure resulting high amount of energy dissipation. Based on the analytical study of undamped frame in ANSYS WORKBENCH, dimensions of the frame were fixed and shake table study of a two storied steel frame with and without damper system are carried out. Results shows that effectiveness of damping depends on various parameters like mass, particle size, shape etc. The effectiveness is compared with a friction damper (FD) and is observed that PD is more efficient than
Key word: Particle dampers, Shake table study, Vibration control, Energy dissipation.

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Haseena. A, Ritzy. R, "Structural Vibration Control Using Solid Particle Damper"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Dynamics of Motivation strategies for Knowledgeworker
  Siva Subramanian N, Dr. Selvarani A, Dr Syed Aktharshah U, Prof. Sheik Mohamed M
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The article is a study and analysis paper attempting to evaluate a strategy to motivate knowledge worker as a part of improving the performance of an organisation as well as Knowledge Management (KM) activities). To establish a good knowledge management system in a firm, human resources are vital tool. The productivity of the firm and to remain competitive in the field, human resources are fore most important. The challenge lies with the conversion of tacit knowledge residing in the human resources has to be brought out in code able form by means of training, documents, lecture etc. As a human resource development activities, the knowledge worker has to be picked up based on the performance as desired by the firm. Subsequently to retain the knowledge level and further growth of the firm, proper training, sharing of the knowledge, motivating the knowledge workers by different techniques to felicitate knowledge management activities are essential. Different motivational methods applicable for different knowledge level workers are brought out. The dynamics of the motivational strategies for knowledge workers depending upon the organisational culture and human behavioral aspects are brought out.
Key word: explicit and tacit knowledge, extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, organisational culture, knowledge

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Siva Subramanian N, Dr. Selvarani A, Dr Syed Aktharshah U, Prof. Sheik Mohamed M, "Dynamics of Motivation strategies for Knowledgeworker"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Use of Jatropha Biodiesel in C.I. Engines- A review
  Krushna A. Antarkar, J. J. Salunke
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Petroleum based fuels play a vital role in rapid depletion of conventional energy sources. Along with their increasing demands, these are also major contributors of air pollution which is contributing to greenhouse effect and consequently to ozone layer depletion.
Major portion of today's energy demand in India is being met with fossil fuels. Hence, it is high time that alternative fuels for engines should be derived from different indigenous sources. As India is an agricultural country, there is a wide scope for the production of vegetable oils (both edible and non-edible) from different oil seeds.
This paper is based on recommending an alternate fuel for diesel engines. Expectations have been high for the production of biodiesel from the Jatropha oil-crop. Jatropha is promoted as a drought and pest resistant crop, with the potential to grow on degraded soils with a low amount of inputs. These characteristics encourage hope
Keywords: biodiesel, bio fuels, blending, Jatropha, renewable energy sources.

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Krushna A. Antarkar, J. J. Salunke, "Use of Jatropha Biodiesel in C.I. Engines- A review"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparative Study of Conventional Steel Building and Pre- Engineered Building to be used as an Industrial Shed
  Abhyuday Titiksh, Abhinav Dewangan, Ankur Khandelwal, Akshay Sharma
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The paper mainly focuses on the advantages of pre-engineered buildings over conventionally designed buildings. The different fields of comparison mainly constitute its cost effectiveness, time saving, future scope, subtleness and economy of pre-engineered buildings over conventionally engineered buildings and its importance in developing nations like India. It's a case study for Industrial Shed based on the review and various case studies which shows their experimental and analytical studies carried out in this field. The result shows that these structures are economical, energy efficient and flexible in design.
Keywords-Conventional Steel Building and Pre-Engineered Building

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Abhyuday Titiksh, Abhinav Dewangan, Ankur Khandelwal, Akshay Sharma, "Comparative Study of Conventional Steel Building and Pre- Engineered Building to be used as an Industrial Shed"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Dimensional and Constructional Details of Components, Fundamentals of TNM Method and Basics of SCIM Motor Heat Transfer
  A. Ravi Prasad, Dr. K Prahlada Rao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

For the improvement in thermal design of squirrel cage induction (SCIM) motor, it is essential to know details of the methods for evaluation of thermal distribution in a SCIM motor. A presentation of various details of methods of basics of heat transfer that occur in a SCIM motor is done in this report. SCIM motors have wide applications and thus their construction is completely influenced by the starting characteristics specified by the operating loads. General constraints of a motor and specification of 30 KW motor are presented in this report as

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A. Ravi Prasad, Dr. K Prahlada Rao, "Dimensional and Constructional Details of Components, Fundamentals of TNM Method and Basics of SCIM Motor Heat Transfer"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Stability and stabilization of discrete-time systems with time-delay via Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional
  Bemri H'mida, Mezlini Sahbi and Soudani Dhaou
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The stability and stabilization problems for discrete systems with time-delay are discussed .The stability and stabilization criterion are expressed in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMI). An effective method allowing us transforming a bilinear matrix Inequality (BMI) to a linear matrix Inequality (LMI) is developed. Based on these conditions, a state feedback controller with gain is designed. An illustrative numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method and the reliability of the results.
Key word: Asymptotic stability; discrete-time systems; Lyapunov functional; Lyapunov-Krasovskii method;

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Bemri H'mida, Mezlini Sahbi and Soudani Dhaou, "Stability and stabilization of discrete-time systems with time-delay via Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design and development of high performance panel air filter with experimental evaluation and analysis of filter media pleats
  Sagar R. Patil, Prof. Sachin V. Lomte
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In automobile vehicles mostly plastic molded panel filters used for the purpose of engine air filtration. Fibrous structured cellulose media were being used with different permeability's according to requirement of rated air flow rate required for the engine. To optimize the filter pleat design of automotive panel air filter, it is important to study correlation of pressure drop, dust holding capacity & efficiency. The main role of a filter is to provide least pressure drop with high dust holding and efficiency. A channel made for the testing of different pleat designs. This research comprises of experimental design & evaluation of filter element with variable pleat depth and pleat density. This assessment offers the selection of pleat design according to the performance
Key word: Panel air filter, pressure drop, dust holding capacity, efficiency, pleat depth, number of pleats.

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Sagar R. Patil, Prof. Sachin V. Lomte, "Design and development of high performance panel air filter with experimental evaluation and analysis of filter media pleats"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design and Analysis of Three Phase Inverter with Two Buck/Boost MPPTs for DC Distribution System
  Neeraj Kumar, G. Indirarani
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Anintegration and operation of a three-phase inverter with twobuck/boost maximum power point trackers (MPPTs) for dc-distribution applications. In a dc-distribution system, a three phase inverter isrequired to control the power flow between dc busand three phase ac grid, and to regulate the dc bus to a certainrange of voltages. A droop regulation mechanism according to the inverter inductor current levels to reduce capacitor size, balance power flow, and accommodate load variation is proposed. Since thephotovoltaic (PV) array voltage can vary from 0 to 5000 V, especially with thin-film PV panels, the MPPT topology is formed with buck and boost converters to operate at the dc-bus voltage around 4000 V, reducing the voltage stress of its followed inverter. Additionally, the controller can online check the input configuration of the two MPPTs, equally distribute the PV-array output current to the two MPPTs in parallel operation, and switch control laws to smooth out mode transition. A comparison between the conventional boost MPPT and the proposed buck/boost MPPT integrated with a PV inverter is also presented. Asingle-phase bidirectional inverter with two buck/boost maximum power point trackers (MPPTs) by using the closed loop circuit. This project is workout bySimulink using mat lab.
Index Terms: Three Phase inverter, buck/boost maximum power point trackers (MPPTs), dc-distribution applications

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Neeraj Kumar, G. Indirarani, "Design and Analysis of Three Phase Inverter with Two Buck/Boost MPPTs for DC Distribution System"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparison of Conventional Converter with Three-Phase Single- Stage Ac-Dc PWM Buck-Type Full-Bridge Converter
  P. Gopal, D. Mohan Rao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The main objective of this concept is to examine the operation of fundamental buck-based three-phase singlestage ac–dc full-bridge converters. In this concept, the operation of this fundamental converter is explained and analyzed, and a procedure for the design of its key components is derived and demonstrated with an example and general concluding remarks comparing Buck-Based and Boost Based three Phase single-stage AC to DC full Bridge converters are made.

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P. Gopal, D. Mohan Rao, "Comparison of Conventional Converter with Three-Phase Single- Stage Ac-Dc PWM Buck-Type Full-Bridge Converter"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Collision Avoidance of Trains Using Arm7
  Dr. K. R. R. Mohan Rao, Saiteja Kanneganti, Chandra Venkata Sai Rohith, Charan Teja Somepalli, Kantamneni Ravi Teja
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Railways are the popular mode of Transport in almost all major cities of the World. Railways are the most widely used and comfortable modes of transportation system. The major cause for railway accidents is collision of trains on the same track. The main aim of this anti collision system is to identify collision points and to report these error cases to main control room nearer to the station as well as grid control station. Majority of accidents occurred due to improper communication among the network between drivers and control room, due to wrong signaling, worst atmospheric condition, immediate change of route. The train driver doesn't get proper information in time leading to hazardous situations. So this system by using zigbee protocol provides communication in between trains, which provide information or track id of one train to another train to avoid collision.
Key word: ARM7LPC2148, sensor, track switches, fire alert, zigbee technology.

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Dr. K. R. R. Mohan Rao, Saiteja Kanneganti, Chandra Venkata Sai Rohith, Charan Teja Somepalli, Kantamneni Ravi Teja, "Collision Avoidance of Trains Using Arm7"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Implementation of "Traslator Strategy" For Migration of Ipv4 to Ipv6
  Dr. K.R.R.Mohan Rao, Saiteja Kanneganti, Chandra Venkata Sai Rohith
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper is focused on the Translator strategy for migration of IPv4 to Ipv6 implemented in Cisco packet tracer. It describes the design and configuration of network devices and packet transfer between devices of IPv4 and IPv6 networks using NAT-PT as transition mechanism. First major version of IP, IPv4 is the dominant protocol of internet.IPv6 is developed to deal with long anticipated problem of IPv4 running out of addresses. The migration from IPv4 to IPv6 must be implemented node by node by using auto-configuration procedures to eliminate the need to configure IPv6 hosts manually.

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Dr. K.R.R.Mohan Rao, Saiteja Kanneganti, Chandra Venkata Sai Rohith, "Implementation of "Traslator Strategy" For Migration of Ipv4 to Ipv6"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Analysis of Variable MLI Based BLDC Motor Drive with PFC for Reduced Torque Ripples
  Sagar V. Ramu, M. Sree Devi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents a power factor corrected (PFC) bridgeless (BL) buck–boost converter-fed brushless direct current (BLDC) motor drive as a cost-effective solution for low-power applications. An approach of speed control of the BLDC motor by controlling the dc link voltage of the voltage source inverter (VSI) is used with a single voltage sensor. This facilitates the operation of VSI at fundamental frequency switching by using the electronic commutation of the BLDC motor which offers reduced switching losses. A BL configuration of the buck–boost converter is proposed which offers the elimination of the diode bridge rectifier, thus reducing the conduction losses associated with it. A PFC BL buck–boost converter is designed to operate in discontinuous inductor current mode (DICM) to provide an inherent PFC at ac mains. The performance of the proposed drive is evaluated over a wide range of speed control and varying supply voltages (universal ac mains at 90–265 V) with improved power quality at ac mains. The obtained power quality indices are within the acceptable limits of international power quality standards such as the IEC 61000-3-2. The performance of the proposed drive is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment, and the obtained results are validated experimentally on a developed prototype of the drive.
Index Terms: Bridgeless (BL) buck–boost converter, brushless direct current (BLDC) motor, discontinuous inductor current mode (DICM), power factor corrected (PFC), power quality.

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Sagar V. Ramu, M. Sree Devi, "Analysis of Variable MLI Based BLDC Motor Drive with PFC for Reduced Torque Ripples"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Assessing Level of Service of Two Lane Highways Using User Perception and Its Relationship With Field Measurements
  Minu S, Rohini I, Lija R L
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Level of Service (LOS) is an important measure of performance of highways. The primary measure of service quality for two lane highways based on highway capacity manual are percent time spent following and average travel speed which are not directly based on user perception. In addition to speed and delay the road users perceive other attributes in their subjective determination of LOS. A methodology based on fuzzy set approach and fuzzy clustering is presented to determine the LOS that explicitly accounts for user perception. Several attributes contributing to road user perceptions of LOS were identified using a questionnaire survey and composite level of service was obtained by combining all attributes together using fuzzy weighted average and fuzzy C means clustering techniques. The levels of service obtained were compared with that obtained using field procedure recommended in HCM 2000.
Key word: Class II highways, Fuzzy clustering, Fuzzy weighted average, Level of service, HCM

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Minu S, Rohini I, Lija R L, "Assessing Level of Service of Two Lane Highways Using User Perception and Its Relationship With Field Measurements"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Simulation of 3 Phase to 3 Phase Power Conversion Using Matrix Converter with Maximum and Minimum Voltage Transfer Ratio
  B. Muthuvel, T. S. Anandhi, P.Sivagnanam, K.Ramash kumar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper proposes a new approach of design and implementation of 3 phase to 3 phase conversion using matrix converter. It includes the design, modeling and implementation. The entire matrix converter circuits are developed by mathematical model so as to reduce computational time and performances of the converter are evaluated using MATLAB/SIMULINK for RL Load. The mathematical expressions relating the input and output of the three phase matrix converter are implemented by using simulink block set. The duty cycles of the matrix converter bidirectional switches are calculated using modified venturini algorithm for maximum (0.866) and minimum (0.5) voltage transfer ratio.
Key word: 3 phase to 3 phase converter, AC to AC converter, Matrix converter, Multi-phase converter, Power converter.

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B. Muthuvel, T. S. Anandhi, P.Sivagnanam, K.Ramash kumar, "Simulation of 3 Phase to 3 Phase Power Conversion Using Matrix Converter with Maximum and Minimum Voltage Transfer Ratio"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Robust Method for Image Watermarking Using Block Differencing LSB Substitution
  Sandeep Kumar, Kulbhushan Singla
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A robust watermark scheme for copyright protection is proposed in this paper. The present method selects the best block of image for watermark embedding by comparing luminance value of colored image and block. The watermark is embedded in the selected pixel blocks by using block pixel differencing LSB substitution method. The proposed approach overcomes the weak robustness problem of embedding the watermark in the spatial domain LSB substitution method. Further the watermark extraction does not require the original image as in the case of many digital watermarking methods. The experimental results indicate that the proposed system is better in terms of image quality and robustness against various attacks.
Key word: Digital Image, LSB Substitution, Luminance, MSE, PSNR, Watermarking Techniques

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Sandeep Kumar, Kulbhushan Singla, "A Robust Method for Image Watermarking Using Block Differencing LSB Substitution"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Research on the characteristics and evaluation of nightscape along the LRT line
  Jia Chen, Mamoru Takamatsu
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

With people's increasing demand of nightlife activities, the nightscape has become more important than ever to enhance the image of city. In this study, we tried to analyze the effects and influence of the landscape lighting that produced the nightscape and pointed out that the optimal nightscapes along the LRT (Light Rail Transit) line. We selected the urban landscapes along the LRT wayside as the research objects, used the SD (Semantic Differential) technique to compare the difference between the daytime and the nighttime landscapes by the vision engineering and measurement psychology. As a result, it became clear as follows: 1) image evaluation of the nightscapes got higher estimation than that of daytime landscapes. The importance of the nightscape has been recognized once again; 2) landscape lighting played the important role in the charming nightscape; 3) the optimal nightscapes along the LRT routes could be chosen with the results of factor analysis.
Key word: Light rail transit, Nightscape, Landscape lighting, Image evaluation, Analysis of factors

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Jia Chen, Mamoru Takamatsu, "Research on the characteristics and evaluation of nightscape along the LRT line"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Recovery method to mitigate the effect of NBTI on SRAM cells
  Jai Viknesh Sankar Narayanan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

NBTI stands for Negative Bias Temperature Instability. NBTI basically affects the parameter at the device level and hence affects the performance of the device. This paper explains what NBTI is and its effect on the SRAM cells while also dealing with the leakage current that is supposed to be one of the important factors affecting any circuit. Not just that but this paper also puts forth a method called recovery mode which explains a different approach to overcome this effect of NBTI on the 6T SRAM cell.
Index Terms: 6T SRAM cell, leakage current, NBTI.

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Jai Viknesh Sankar Narayanan, "Recovery method to mitigate the effect of NBTI on SRAM cells"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-3

• Ionospheric Behaviour Analysis over Thailand Using Radio Occultation Technique
  Ahmed Wasiu Akande, Falin Wu,Oladosu Rufus Olakunle, Parwapath Phunthirawuthi, Echoda Ngbede Joshua Ada, Onimago Abdullahi Yakubu and Taiwo Olunuga
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

With the advent in the development of science and technology in the field of space and atmospheric science in order to obtain accurate result, hence the use of radio occultation technique in the investigation of the amount of electron density and Total Electron Content presence in equatorial region particularly over Thailand. In this research, radio occultation data obtained from UCAR/CDAAC was used to observe daily, monthly, seasonal and the entire year 2013 Ionospheric TEC and electron density variation due to changes and instability of solar activities from time to time. It was observed that TEC was high (ionosphere was more disturbed or violent) in May and spread over a wide range of altitude and summer season has the highest TEC value for the year 2013 which means at this period GNSS measurements was more prone to error. It was noted that ionospheric variations or fluctuations was maximum between 200km and 450km altitude. The results of the study show that ionospheric perturbation effects or irregularities depend on season and solar activity.
Key word: Electron Density, Equatorial Region, Ionosphere, Radio Occultation and TEC.

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Ahmed Wasiu Akande, Falin Wu,Oladosu Rufus Olakunle, Parwapath Phunthirawuthi, Echoda Ngbede Joshua Ada, Onimago Abdullahi Yakubu and Taiwo Olunuga, "Ionospheric Behaviour Analysis over Thailand Using Radio Occultation Technique"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Disposable Natural Scrubber from Sisal and Bamboo Fibers
  T. Rasigha, S. Kirthika, M. V. Dheepika, K. Giridharan, N. Jeyaprakash
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Medical Textiles describes a textile structure that has been designed and produced for use in any of a variety of medical applications. The medical textiles include a vast range of applications, viz, adhesive tapes, bandages, beddings, blankets, castings, diapers, dressings, eye pads, gauzes, protective clothing's, sutures, surgical covers, surgical clothing's, swabs, supports, sanitary products, hospital gowns, etc. Consumers have become more aware about the repercussions of leading an unhygienic lifestyle, which has lead to the increase in the number of hygiene conscious people. This has lead to the smart take off of the medical textiles which enables the common man in prevention and treatment of diseases and maintain health and hygiene.
A range of natural fibers and biodegradable polymers is being utilized for developing new products in medical textiles. Medical textiles adding a more serious dimension to the textile domain, they are required to undergo stringent testing and hygienic criteria. This has led to innovative use of a variety of natural unconventional fibers and a lot of developments are taking place in this area. One of such unconventional fibers finding good application in the medical textile is Sisal (Agave sisalana).
Agave sisalana, consisting a rosette of sword-shaped leaves has been used to extract fibers. Fibers have been extracted by decortication process. The extracted fibers have been cleaned with Sapindus Mukorossi, an herbal cleaning agent which is also hypo allergenic. The cleaned fibers have been softened using various methods, one with alkali treatment and another with citric acid. The various stages of fibers namely raw, cleaned, alkali treated and citric acid treated fibers have been tested for their absorbency and anti-microbial activity. Agave sisalana fiber has been found to have better antimicrobial properties which make it suitable for medical textile application.
Key word: Sisal, Antimicrobial, Sapindus

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T. Rasigha, S. Kirthika, M. V. Dheepika, K. Giridharan, N. Jeyaprakash, "Disposable Natural Scrubber from Sisal and Bamboo Fibers"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Harmonic analysis and Power factor improvement with UPQC under two Novel control strategies
  Raju Manuel, Ajmal K, Dr. J.Abdul Jaleel
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents unified power quality conditioner (UPQC)for power quality improvements in terms of harmonics compensation and power factor correction in a three-phase four-wire distribution system.The UPQC is implemented with PWM controlled voltage source converter (VSC) and switching patterns are generated through Indirect PI and Synchronous Reference Frame controller. The selected topology for voltage source converter is the three-leg and six-leg VSC for Indirect PI and Synchronous reference frame (SRF) control strategies respectively. The behavior of UPQC has been analyzed by considering a case study with switching of three phase half bridge diode rectifier and a parallel star connected unbalanced R-L loads. Harmonic spectrum of the source current and load voltage are compared in between without UPQC and with UPQC by considering both control strategies. The complete system has been modeled using MATLAB software with its stimulus's sim power system toolboxes.
Keywords: Unified power quality conditioner (UPQC); Synchronous reference frame (SRF) controller; Indirect PI controller; Voltage source converter (VSC); Power quality (PQ).

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Raju Manuel, Ajmal K, Dr. J.Abdul Jaleel, "Harmonic analysis and Power factor improvement with UPQC under two Novel control strategies"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Novel Weighted Clustering Based Approach for Improving the Wireless Sensor Network lifetime
  Vivek kumar, Ramratan Ahirwal, Yogendra Kumar Jain
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Great lifetime and reliability is the key aim of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) design. As for prolonging lifetime of this type of network, energy is the most important resource; all recent researches are focused on more and more energy efficient techniques. Proposed work is Weighted Clustering Approach based on Weighted Cluster Head Selection, which is highly energy efficient and reliable in mobile network scenario. Weight calculation using different attributes of the nodes like SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), Remaining Energy, Node Degree, Mobility, and Buffer Length gives efficient Cluster Head (CH) on regular interval of time. CH rotation helps in optimum utilization of energy available with all nodes; results in prolonged network lifetime. Implementation is done using the NS2 network simulator and performance evaluation is carried out in terms of PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio), End to End Delay, Throughput, and Energy Consumption. Demonstration of the obtained results shows that proposed work is adaptable for improving the performance. In order to justify the solution, the performance of proposed technique is compared with the performance of traditional approach. The performance of proposed technique is found optimum as compared to the traditional techniques.
Keywords-Wireless Sensor Network, Energy preserving, Weighted clustering, Network lifetime, Cluster head selection.

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Vivek kumar, Ramratan Ahirwal, Yogendra Kumar Jain, "A Novel Weighted Clustering Based Approach for Improving the Wireless Sensor Network lifetime"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Socially Shared Images with Automated Annotation Process by Using Improved User Preferences
  M. Roseline Mercy, P. Damodharan
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Objectives: The main objective of this research is to increase the semantic concepts prominently as well as reduce the searching time complexity. This is also aimed to ensure the higher privacy with security and develop the accurate privacy policy generation.
Methods: The existing method named as adaptive privacy policy prediction (A3P) is used to discover the best available privacy policy for the user's image being uploaded. The proposed method name as improved semantic annotated markovian semantic Indexing (ISMSI) is used for retrieving the images semantically.
Findings: The proposed method achieves high performance in terms of greater accuracy values.
Application/Improvements: The proposed system is done by using semantic annotated markovian semantic Indexing (ISMSI) approach. ISMSI method is used for identification of similarity as well as semantic annotated images and improves the privacy significantly.
Keyword: Online information services, privacy policy, Meta data, semantic images.

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M. Roseline Mercy, P. Damodharan, "Socially Shared Images with Automated Annotation Process by Using Improved User Preferences"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Automatic convey or System with In–Process Sorting Mechanism using PLC and HMI System
  Y V Aruna, Beena S
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Programmable logic controllers are widely used in many manufacturing process like machinery packaging material handling automatic assembly. These are special type of microprocessor based controller used for any application that needs any kind of electrical controller including lighting controller and HVAC control system. Automatic conveyor system is a computerized control method of controlling and managing the sorting mechanism at the same time maintaining the efficiency of the industry & quality of the products.HMI for automatic conveyor system is considered the primary way of controlling each operation. Text displays are available as well as graphical touch screens. It is used in touch panels and local monitoring of machines. This paper deals with the efficient use of PLC in automatic conveyor system and also building the accuracy in it.
Key word: Automatic conveyor, Human Machine Interface, High Voltage Alternating Current, Programmable Logic

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Y V Aruna, Beena S, "Automatic convey or System with In–Process Sorting Mechanism using PLC and HMI System"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Dye Sysentized Solar Cell (Dyssc)
  A. Dileep, Dr. M. Damodar Reddy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents a Dye sensitized solar cell (DYSSC), which is called as future generation solar cell. It is a new class of green photovoltaic cell based on photosynthesis principle in nature. DYSSCs are fabricated using two different natural dyes as sensitizers, which extracted from the materials existing in nature and our life, such as flowers, leaves, fruits, traditional Chinese medicines, and beverages. The use of sensitizers having a broad absorption band in conjunction with oxide films of nanocrystalline morphology permits to harvest a large fraction of sunlight. There are good prospects to produce these cells at lower cost and much better efficiency than conventional semiconductor devices by introducing various chemical and natural dyes. DYSSC are implemented with simple and new technique to overcome the energy crisis and excess cost of semiconductor solar cells.
Key word: Dye sensitized solar cell, Dyes, Nanocrystalline oxide, semiconductor films, Solar light energy conversion.

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A. Dileep, Dr. M. Damodar Reddy, "Dye Sysentized Solar Cell (Dyssc)"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Solar Driven Automatic Water Level Controller with Dry Run Protection
  V. Ravikiran, Dr. M. Damodar Reddy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper presents solar driven automatic water level controller with dry run protection (SDWLC). The main purpose of SDWLC is to reduce wastage of water, to stop dry running of motor and to use solar energy effectively by using PV system. Generally water is pumped to overheadtank (OHT) from undergroundtank (UGT).People will switch on pump when taps go dry, switch off pump when water over flows and they does not check dry running of motor during this. Also pumping of water to OHT during power cuts is a major problem in most of villages and in some of cities. However these problems can be solved by SDWLC. By using inverter the DC generated from PV system is converted in to AC and given to the motor. The operation of water level controller works upon the fact that water conducts electricity. So water can be used to open or close a circuit. As the water level rises or falls, different circuits in the controller send different signals. These signals are used to switch ON or switch OFF the motor pump as per our requirements.
Keywords: Dry run protection, Inverter, OHT, PV system, UGT.

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V. Ravikiran, Dr. M. Damodar Reddy, "Solar Driven Automatic Water Level Controller with Dry Run Protection"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• An ANN Based Capicitor Voltage Balancing Method For Neutral Point Clamped Multi-Level Inverter
  P.J.S. Praveen, Narendra Bavisetti, V.Satyanarayana
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Multi-level inverters are became popular for usage in medium voltage, low voltage power applications due to flexibility in control and better performance characteristics in terms of harmonic regulation. Neutral point clamped are popular as they require less number of sources as their input when compared with their counter parts i.e. cascaded multi-level inverters and found to be reliable when compared with flying capacitor based multi-level inverters. But when neutral clamped technologies are used for generation of three-phase voltages, the capacitors that are connected at input side experiences imbalance in their voltages, this makes neutral point clamped multi-level inverters less reliable. In the proposed work an attempt is made to study circuits that balances the capacitor voltages and a scheme is investigated for balancing the capacitor voltages. Method proposed in [1] uses PID controller for balancing the capacitor voltages. In this project PI based control scheme and artificial neural network (ANN) based control scheme for the front end circuit shown in [1] are designed for achieving balance among the capacitor voltages. The proposed control scheme is simulated with the help of Simpowersystems block set and neural network toolbox of MATLAB software for different load conditions. Results obtained from ANN based controller and PI controller are presented.
Key word: DC Volatge balance, Neutral Point Calmaped Multilevel Converter, Multilevel Converetrs, ANN based Controller.

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P.J.S. Praveen, Narendra Bavisetti, V.Satyanarayana, "An ANN Based Capicitor Voltage Balancing Method For Neutral Point Clamped Multi-Level Inverter"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A novel chaotic system for Video Cryptography using 2D logistics Sine-Cosine maps
  Manjunatha V G, Meharunnissa S P
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The astonishing developments have been occurring in the field of network communications for a long time and these advancement lead to a genuine and conspicuous need of image transfer and getting safely through the web. The web is not secure for the exchange of dependable data, for example, content, picture and video. Cryptographic procedures are vital to be improved to exchange data through web safely. Routine cryptography, for example, AES, DES, IDEA and RSA includes simply rearranging of pixels and henceforth will prompt decreased security for information protection. With a specific end goal to enhance the security, it is important to expand the intricacy in encryption. As an answer for this it is proposed to utilize confused maps in encryption methods which expand the multifaceted nature. As intricacy builds, data security increments. Thus, chaos-based encryption has its own significance in providing security for secret information i.e. data confidentiality than conventional.
Index Terms: Cryptography, Image Encryption, Image communication and Video Processing.

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Manjunatha V G, Meharunnissa S P, "A novel chaotic system for Video Cryptography using 2D logistics Sine-Cosine maps"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• CNC Machining of Face Cam on a Cylindrical Sector
  Prof.S.Rajendiran
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Machining of Face Cam for Loader's Fire safety switch in an Armoured Fighting Vehicle involves establishment of required cam profile and surface finish for the effective functioning and smooth travel of the cam follower. This paper discusses different approaches followed in the development Face cam and its machining methods, cutting tools and cutting parameters.
Key Wrods: Face cam, point milling, flank milling, templates, parametric.

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Prof.S.Rajendiran, "CNC Machining of Face Cam on a Cylindrical Sector"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Optimal Tuning of PI Controllers for Doubly-Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Energy Conversion System using Grey Wolf Optimizer
  Prof. Dr. Al-Said AbdElAziz Osman, Dr. Amged S. El-Wakeel, Dr. A.kamel, Hatem M. Seoudy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper introduces modelling and simulation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). Two Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) converters have been connected back to back from the rotor terminals to the utility grid via a dc-link. Vector control system typically controlled by a set of PI controllers, which have an important effect on the performance of system dynamics. This paper presents an optimally tuned PI controllers design of a DFIG wind energy system connected to grid using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). PSO and GWO used to optimize PI controller parameters of both Grid side converter (GSC), and Rotor side converter (RSC) to improve the dynamic operation of the DFIG wind energy system under a variable speed condition.
Key word: Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), wind energy conversion system (WECS), Rotor side converter (RSC), Grid side converter (GSC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO).

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Prof. Dr. Al-Said AbdElAziz Osman, Dr. Amged S. El-Wakeel, Dr. A.kamel, Hatem M. Seoudy, "Optimal Tuning of PI Controllers for Doubly-Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Energy Conversion System using Grey Wolf Optimizer"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-4

• The behavior of hybrid reinforced concrete after heat resistance
  Erjola Reufi, Jozefita Marku
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This study is trying to provide the behavior of concrete when additional fibers are added under the effect of evaluated temperatures. Three types of polypropylene fibers are used with different length respectively 3 mm, 6 mm and 12 mm and two types of steel fibers are used of length respectively of 3cm and 5 cm. Hybrid specimens of concrete are prepared by using two different combinations: 0.5% steel fibers in combination with 0.2% polypropylene fibers by the volume of concrete; and 0.25% of steel fibers in combination with 0.1% polypropylene fibers by the volume of concrete. The specimens were subject to different temperatures. An electric furnace was used to heat the specimens up to 200 ⁰C, 400 ⁰C and 600 ⁰C. The mass loss and compressive strength were determined by using twelve different mixtures.
Key word: steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, temperature, compressive strength, mass loss

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Erjola Reufi, Jozefita Marku, "The behavior of hybrid reinforced concrete after heat resistance"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Punjabi To Hindi Transliteration System for Proper Nouns Using Hybrid Approach
  Er.Sahil Malhan , Er.Jasdeep Mann
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The language is an effective medium for the communication that conveys the ideas and expression of the human mind. There are more than 5000 languages in the world for the communication. To know all these languages is not a solution for problems due to the language barrier in communication. In this multilingual world with the huge amount of information exchanged between various regions and in different languages in digitized format, it has become necessary to find an automated process to convert from one language to another. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one of the hot areas of research that explores how computers can be utilizing to understand and manipulate natural language text or speech. In the Proposed system a Hybrid approach to transliterate the proper nouns from Punjabi to Hindi is developed. Hybrid approach in the proposed system is a combination of Direct Mapping, Rule based approach and Statistical Machine Translation approach (SMT). Proposed system is tested on various proper nouns from different domains and accuracy of the proposed system is very good.
Key word: Rule based approach. Dictionary Lookup approach, Statistical Machine Translation approach

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"Punjabi To Hindi Transliteration System for Proper Nouns Using Hybrid Approach"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Topic Evolutionary Tweet Stream Clustering Algorithm and TCV Rank Summarization
  K.Selvaraj, S.Balaji
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Tweet are being created short text message and shared for both users and data analysts. Twitter which receive over 400 million tweets per day has emerged as an invaluable source of news, blogs, opinions and more. our proposed work consists three components tweet stream clustering to cluster tweet using k-means cluster algorithm and second tweet cluster vector technique to generate rank summarization using greedy algorithm, therefore requires functionality which significantly differ from traditional summarization . in general, tweet summarization and third to detect and monitors the summary-based and volume based variation to produce timeline automatically from tweet stream. Implementing continuous tweet stream reducing a text document is however not an simple task, since a huge number of tweets are worthless, unrelated and raucous in nature, due to the social nature of tweeting. Further, tweets are strongly correlated with their posted instance and up-to-theminute tweets tend to arrive at a very fast rate. Efficiency—tweet streams are always very big in level, hence the summarization algorithm should be greatly capable; Flexibility—it should provide tweet summaries of random moment durations. (3) Topic evolution—it should routinely detect sub-topic changes and the moments that they happen.
Keywords: Tweet Stream, summarization, Timeline, Topic evolution,summary.

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K.Selvaraj, S.Balaji, "Topic Evolutionary Tweet Stream Clustering Algorithm and TCV Rank Summarization"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Optimization of Combined Conductive and Convective Heat Transfer Model of Cold Storage Using Taguchi Analysis
  Dr. N Mukhopadhyay, Priyankar Mondal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Energy crisis is one of the most important problems the world is facing now-a-days. With the increase of cost of electrical energy operating cost of cold storage storing is increasing which forces the increased cost price of the commodities that are kept. In this situation if the maximum heat energy (Q) is absorbed by the evaporator inside the cold room through conductive and convective heat transfer process in terms of –heat transfer due to conduction, convection and heat transfer due to condensation, more energy has to be wasted to maintain the evaporator space at the desired temperature range of 2- 8 degree centigrade. In this paper we have proposed a theoretical heat transfer in cold storage due to conduction and convection process using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. Thickness of insulation wall of cold storage (X), Temperature difference (dT), Relative Humidity (RH) are the basic variable and three ranges are taken each of them in the model development. Graphical interpretations from the model justify the reality.
Keywords-cold storage, conductive heat transfer model, convective heat transfer model, and Taguchi Analysis etc…

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Dr. N Mukhopadhyay, Priyankar Mondal, "Optimization of Combined Conductive and Convective Heat Transfer Model of Cold Storage Using Taguchi Analysis"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Permeability
  Rajesh K. Devmurari, Purvansh B. Shah, Mahesh B Shrivastav, Tejas D Khediya
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In Soil, Generally there exists pores which are field with water. These pores are interconnected & hence it becomes highly complex & intricate network of irregular tubes. Where there is pressure difference, water flows from high potential to low potential zone. The pores may be large or small, may be irregular in shape. The quantum of flow depends on the above. The ease with which water can flow through soil is the permeability of the soil. Geotechnical engineers may come across the problem of soil which may be highly permeable or may have restricted permeability. Engineers are needed to quantitatively assess the amount of flow likely to occur.
Key words:Permeability, Darcy's Law.

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Rajesh K. Devmurari, Purvansh B. Shah, Mahesh B Shrivastav, Tejas D Khediya, "Permeability"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of Packaging materials on Quality Parameters of Garlic
  Jaspreet Singh Grewal, Mohammed Shafiq Alam, Shweta Goyal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Studies were carried out to evaluate the effect of storage period and different packaging material on the quality of garlic flakes dried by convective-cum-microwave (CCM) and fluidized-cum-microwave (FCM) hybrid drying. Garlic flakes were packaged and stored in high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) and laminated aluminium foil for 3 months under ambient conditions. Samples were investigated to observe for change in rehydration ratio, colour, physiological loss in weight % and overall acceptability. Among the hybrid drying techniques adopted, the garlic flakes developed under optimized condition of fluidized bedcum- microwave was found better in terms of shelf life and quality attributes. The aluminium packaging was adjudged to be the best in retaining the quality of dried garlic flakes up to 3 months of storage. Overall, it can be concluded that the fluidized bed cum microwave dried garlic flakes packed in Aluminium package were the best, and can be stored safely up to 3 months.
Key word: Garlic flakes, colour, storage, quality, packaging.

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Jaspreet Singh Grewal, Mohammed Shafiq Alam, Shweta Goyal, "Effect of Packaging materials on Quality Parameters of Garlic"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparison of Cost Estimation Methods using Hybrid Artificial Intelligence on Schematic Design Stage: RANFIS and CBR-GA
  WisnuIsvara, Yusuf Latief, Andreas Wibowo, Murthada Askari
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Cost estimating at schematic design stage as the basis of project evaluation, engineering design, and cost management, plays an important role in project decision under a limited definition of scope and constraints in available information and time, and the presence of uncertainties. The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of cost estimation models of two different hybrid artificial intelligence approaches: regression analysis-adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (RANFIS) and case based reasoning-genetic algorithm (CBRGA) techniques. The models were developed based on the same 50 low-cost apartment project datasets in Indonesia. Tested on another five testing data, the models were proven to perform very well in term of accuracy. A CBR-GA model was found to be the best performer but suffered from disadvantage of needing 15 cost drivers if compared to only 4 cost drivers required by RANFIS for on-par performance.
Key word: Case basedreasoning, costestimation, geneticalgorithm, neuro fuzzy, regressionanalysis.

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WisnuIsvara, Yusuf Latief, Andreas Wibowo, Murthada Askari, "Comparison of Cost Estimation Methods using Hybrid Artificial Intelligence on Schematic Design Stage: RANFIS and CBR-GA"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Study on Behaviour of Concrete Mix Replaceing Fine Aggregate With Steel Slag At Different Properties
  P.Sateesh Kumar, VVS. Sarma , N.Vidya Sagar Lal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This paper aims to study experimentally, the effect of partial replacement of fine aggregate by steel slag (ss), on the various strength and durability properties of concrete by using the mix designs .the optimum percentage of replacement of fine aggregate by steel slag is found. Workability of concrete gradually decreases, as the percentage of replacement increases which is found using slump test. Compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and durability tests such as acid resistant's, using HCL,H2SO4 and rapid chloride penetration, are experimentally investigated.
The results indicate that for conventional concrete, partial replacement of concrete by steel slag improves the compressive, tensile, flexural strength. The mass loss in cubes after immersion in acids is found to be very low. Deflection in the RCC beams gradually increases, as the load on the beam increases, for the replacement. The degree of fluoride ion penetrability is assessed based on the limits given in ASTM C 1202. The viability of use of steel slag in concrete is found.
Waste management is one of the most common and challenging problems in the world. The steel making industry has generated substantially solid waste. Steel slag is a residue obtained in steel making operation. This paper deals with the implementation of steel slag as an effective replacement for sand. Steel slag ,which is consider as the solid waste pollutant, can be used for road construction ,clinker raw materials, filling materials etc. In this work, steel slag used as replacement for sand, which is also major component concrete mixture. This method can be implement for producing hallow blocks, solid blocks, paver blocks, concrete structures etc. Accordingly, advantages can be achieved by using steel slag instead of natural aggregates this will also encourage other researchers to find another field of using steel slag.
Index Terms: Steel slag; replacement; durability; rapid chloride permeability.

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P.Sateesh Kumar, VVS. Sarma , N.Vidya Sagar Lal, "Study on Behaviour of Concrete Mix Replaceing Fine Aggregate With Steel Slag At Different Properties"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparision of Strength For Concrete With Rock Dust And Natural Sand Concrete As Fine Aggregate
  V.Ashok Kumar, GVD Kiran, N.vidya sagar lal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The Quarry rock dust can be an economic alternative to the river sand. Quarry Rock Dust can be defined as residue, tailing or other non-voluble waste material after the extraction and processing of rocks to form fine particles less than 4.75mm. Usually, Quarry Rock Dust is used in large scale in the highways as a surface finishing material and also used for manufacturing of hollow blocks and lightweight concrete prefabricated Elements. This project presents the feasibility of the usage of Quarry Rock Dust as hundred percent substitutes for Natural Sand in concrete. Design Mix for M30 and M40 has been calculated using IS 10262-2009 for both conventional concrete and quarry dust concrete. Tests were conducted on cubes, cylinders and beams to study the strength of concrete by using Quarry Rock Dust and the results were compared with the Natural Sand Concrete. Cement motor ratios of 1:3 and 1:6 are prepared and observe the percentage of water absorption in both Quarry Rock Dust and Natural sand for plastering.
Quarry rock dust, Natural sand, Replacement, Mix design..

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V.Ashok Kumar, GVD Kiran, N.vidya sagar lal, "Comparision of Strength For Concrete With Rock Dust And Natural Sand Concrete As Fine Aggregate"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Durability Studies on Concrete and Comparison with Partial Replacement of Cement with Rice Husk Ash and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash in Concrete
  B.Someswara Rao, N.Vidya Sagar Lal, G.Naveen
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This research work describes the feasibility of using the Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) waste in concrete production as a partial replacement of cement. This present work deals with the effect on strength and mechanical properties of concrete using RHA and SCBA instead of cement. The cement has been replaced by rice husk ash, accordingly in the range of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight. Concrete mixtures with RHA, were produced, tested and compared in terms of compressive strengths with the Conventional concrete. These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties for the test results of 7, 28, 60, 90 days for compressive strengths in normal water and in MgSO4 solution of 1%, 3% and 5%. Also the durability aspect for rice husk ash concrete for sulphate attack was tested. Similarly the above tests were also performed for SCBA. The result indicates that the RHA and SCBA improve concrete durability. Finally the test results for RHA and SCBA were compared. Key words: Rice Husk Ash, Sugarcane Bagasse Ash, Concrete, M35 grade concrete, cubes, cylinders, MgSO4, durability.
Key word: M35 grade concrete, MgSO4 Solution, Rice Husk Ash, Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and UTM

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B.Someswara Rao, N.Vidya Sagar Lal, G.Naveen, "Durability Studies on Concrete and Comparison with Partial Replacement of Cement with Rice Husk Ash and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash in Concrete"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Effect of Acidic Environment (HCL) on Concrete With Sugarcane Bagasse Ash As Pozzolona
  P V Rambabu, G.Aditya, G V Ramarao
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

With increasing demand and consumption of cement, researchers and scientist are in search of developing alternate binders that are eco friendly and contribute towards waste management. The utilization of industrial and agricultural waste produced by industrial processes has been the focus on waste reduction. One of the agro waste sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) which is a fibrous waste product obtained from sugar mills as byproduct is taken for study area. This experimental and analytical study investigates the durability of M35 concrete mix using Ordinary Portland Cement and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as partial replacement in Ordinary Portland Cement. Sugarcane Bagasse Ash was obtained by burning of Sugarcane at 700 to 800 degree Centigrade in sugar refining industry, Bagasse Ash obtained from burning was grounded until the particles passing the 90 micron sieve. The disposal of this material is already causing environmental problems around the sugar factories. In this project objective is to study the influence of partial replacement of Portland cement with sugarcane bagasse ash in concrete subjected to different acidic Environments. The variable factors considered in this study were concrete grade of M35 & curing periods of 28, 60, 90 days of the concrete specimens in 1%, 3%, and 5% of hydrochloric acid in water for curing the specimens. Bagasse ash has been partially replaced in the ratio of 0%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10% by weight.
Key words: Compressive Strength, Durability, Sugarcane Bagasse Ash, Hydrochloric Acid

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P V Rambabu, G.Aditya, G V Ramarao, "Effect of Acidic Environment (HCL) on Concrete With Sugarcane Bagasse Ash As Pozzolona"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Low Power Low Voltage High Performance CMOS Current Mirror
  Sirish Rao, Sampath Kumar V
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The current mirrors are one of the most important circuits in designing the analog and mixed-mode circuit. A low power and low voltage high-performance CMOS current mirror with optimized input and output resistance are presented in this paper. SPICE simulations confirm the high-performance CMOS current mirror with power supply close to the threshold voltage of the transistor. In this paper, for achieving the low input resistance and a very high output resistance, the combination of shunt input feedback and regulated cascode output stage are used.
Keywords: current mirror, SPICE, CMOS analog integrated circuits.

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Sirish Rao, Sampath Kumar V, "A Low Power Low Voltage High Performance CMOS Current Mirror"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• High-speed Power Line Communications
  Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Mahamadou Tembely, and Sarhan M. Musa
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This is the idea of using existing power lines for communication purposes. Power line communications (PLC) enables network communication of voice, data, and video over direct power lines. High-speed PLC involves data rates in excess of 10 Mbps. PLC has attracted a lot of attention and has become an interesting subject of research lately.

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Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Mahamadou Tembely, and Sarhan M. Musa, "High-speed Power Line Communications"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Literature Review on Lean Implementations – A comprehensive summary
  Sundareshan S D, Dr Swamy D R, Dr T S Nanjundeswara Swamy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The available research papers in area of Lean are studied to know the implementation level of different lean tools, barrier and benefits of implementation are also considered in the review .The commonly used lean tools in the various organization, most common barriers and benefits have been identified and listed in this paper. Most common barrier are also components of quality of work life.
Key word: Quality work life, Lean Manufacturing, Toyota production system,Kanban

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Sundareshan S D, Dr Swamy D R, Dr T S Nanjundeswara Swamy. "A Literature Review on Lean Implementations – A comprehensive summary"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Solid Modeling, Analysis And Development Of A Measuring Setup For Thin Section Flexible Diaphragms
  Prof.S.Rajendiran, Vikrant Kumar, Sneha Edla
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Thin section flexible components pose problems during measuring, especially in case of high precision components. Measuring these components require high sensitive measuring systems like CMM. It consumes more cost as well as highly skilled man power. Typical thin section titanium alloy components (diaphragms) require stringent dimensional accuracies. To measure these thin section diaphragms, a measuring setup was developed. The existing method of measurement on CMM was modeled and analysed. The results of comparative studies are presented here.
Key word: Measuring setup, CMM, solid model, FE analysis.

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Prof.S.Rajendiran, Vikrant Kumar, Sneha Edla, "Solid Modeling, Analysis And Development Of A Measuring Setup For Thin Section Flexible Diaphragms"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Grapheme-To-Phoneme Tools for the Marathi Speech Synthesis
  Sangramsing N. Kayte, Monica Mundada, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr.Bharti Gawali
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

We describe in detail a Grapheme-to-Phoneme (G2P) converter required for the development of a good quality Marathi Text-to-Speech (TTS) system. The Festival and Festvox framework is chosen for developing the Marathi TTS system. Since Festival does not provide complete language processing support specie to various languages, it needs to be augmented to facilitate the development of TTS systems in certain new languages. Because of this, a generic G2P converter has been developed. In the customized Marathi G2P converter, we have handled schwa deletion and compound word extraction. In the experiments carried out to test the Marathi G2P on a text segment of 2485 words, 91.47% word phonetisation accuracy is obtained. This Marathi G2P has been used for phonetising large text corpora which in turn is used in designing an inventory of phonetically rich sentences. The sentences ensured a good coverage of the phonetically valid di-phones using only 1.3% of the complete text corpora.
Key word: Grapheme-to-Phoneme (G2P), TTS, Festival, festvox, di-phone, ICT.

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Sangramsing N. Kayte, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr.Bharti Gawali, "Grapheme-To-Phoneme Tools for the Marathi Speech Synthesis"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Approach To Build A Marathi Text-To-Speech System Using Concatenative Synthesis Method With The Syllable
  Sangramsing N. Kayte, Monica Mundada, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr. Bharti Gawali
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Marathi is one of the oldest languages in India. This research paper describes the development of Marathi Textto- Speech System (TTS). In Marathi TTS the input is Marathi text in Unicode. The voices are sampled from real recorded speech. The objective of a text to speech system is to convert an arbitrary text into its corresponding spoken waveform. Speech synthesis is a process of building machinery that can generate human-like speech from any text input to imitate human speakers. Text processing and speech generation are two main components of a text to speech system. To build a natural sounding speech synthesis system, it is essential that text processing component produce an appropriate sequence of phonemic units. Generation of sequence of phonetic units for a given standard word is referred to as letter to phoneme rule or text to phoneme rule. The complexity of these rules and their derivation depends upon the nature of the language. The quality of a speech synthesizer is judged by its closeness to the natural human voice and understandability. In this research paper we described an approach to build a Marathi TTS system using concatenative synthesis method with syllable as a basic unit of concatenation.
Key words: 6T Text processing, speech generation, Marathi syllable phoneme, grapheme.

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Sangramsing N. Kayte, Monica Mundada, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr.Bharti Gawali, "Approach To Build A Marathi Text-To-Speech System Using Concatenative Synthesis Method With The Syllable"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Experimental Investigation on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer With Ammonium Dodecyl Sulfate
  Mr.P. Atcha Rao, Mr.V.V.Ramakrishna, Mr. Sanmala Rajasekhar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

We have so many applications related to Pool Boiling. The Pool Boiling is mostly useful in arid areas to produce drinking water from impure water like sea water by distillation process. It is very difficult to distill the only water which having high surface tension. The surface tension is important factor to affect heat transfer enhancement in pool boiling. By reducing the surface tension we can increase the heat transfer rate in pool boiling. From so many years we are using surfactants domestically. It is proven previously by experiments that the addition of little amount of surfactant reduces the surface tension and increase the rate of heat transfer. There are different groups of surfactants. From those I‟m conducting experimentation with anionic surfactant Ammonium Dodecyl Sulfate (ADS), which is most human friendly and three times best soluble than Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, to test the heat transfer enhancement.
Key words: Pool Boiling, Heat Flux, Ammonium Dodecyl Sulfate, Surfactant.

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Mr.P. Atcha Rao, Mr.V.V.Ramakrishna, Mr. Sanmala Rajasekhar, "Experimental Investigation on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer With Ammonium Dodecyl Sulfate"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Performance of High-Rise Steel Building With and Without Bracings
  G.Hymavathi, B. Kranthi Kumar, N.Vidya Sagar Lal
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A comparative study on performance of high-rise steel building with and without bracings, carried out on a residential building by considering the gravity loads and lateral loads in the form of Earth quake loads and Wind loads incorporating the Bracings to reduce lateral loads on structural elements. In this study, a 20 storey steel frame structure has been selected to be idealized as multi storey steel building model. The model is analyzed by using STAAD.Pro 2008 structural analysis software with the consideration of wind and earthquake loads. At the same time the influence of X-bracing pattern has been investigated.The building proposed in designed by Limit State Method according to steel code IS: 800-2007, the Wind load analysis according to IS: 875-(part-3)1987 and seismic/Earth quake loads according to IS: 1893 (Part-1)-2002. In this study the node displacements of buildings having with and without bracings of wind and earthquake effect of Zone II and Zone V, and the axial force of the members of the buildings having with and without bracings of wind and earthquake effect of Zone II and Zone V.
Key words: Wind load, Displacement, Axial force, Bracings.

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G.Hymavathi, B. Kranthi Kumar, N.Vidya Sagar Lal, "Performance of High-Rise Steel Building With and Without Bracings"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Duration for Classification and Regression Treefor Marathi Textto- Speech Synthesis System
  Sangramsing N. Kayte, Monica Mundada, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr. Bharti Gawali
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This research paper reports preliminary results of data-driven modeling of segmentalphoneme duration for Marathi. Classification and Regression Tree based data driven duration modeling for segmental duration prediction is presented. A number of features are considered and their usefulness and relative contribution for segmental duration prediction is assessed. Objective evaluation of the duration model, by root mean squared prediction error and correlation between actual and predicted durations, is performed.

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Sangramsing Kayte, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, "Duration for Classification and Regression Treefor Marathi Textto- Speech Synthesis System"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Transformation of feelings using pitch parameter for Marathi speech
  Sangramsing N. Kayte, Monica Mundada, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr. Bharti Gawali
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The Many researches have been done in the transformation of emotion. However, for Marathi not many studies have been done. In this paper we construct a Marathi speech database to study the effects of change of emotion. Emotion is an important element in expressive speech synthesis and is investigated by many researchers. In this research paper we build a Marathi speech database to study the effects of change of emotion. We describe methods to optimize the database for analysis and study. The pitch information is extracted from the database for different emotions like Joy, Angry and Sad. Pitch analysis is done on the database using the extracted pitch points, and a general algorithm is devised for the change of neutral state to emotional state. To perform the experiments, three expressive styles- Joy, Anger and Sad are done with Neutral.
Key words: Emotion conversion, Emotional Speech database, Joy, Anger, Sad,Pitch.

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Sangramsing Kayte, "Transformation of feelings using pitch parameter for Marathi speech"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Version-5

• Investigation of Tribological Behaviour of GF Filled Peek Composite under the Harsh Operating Conditions
  Shelke Vijay R, Dr. S. A. Sonawane
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Composite materials have successfully substituted the traditional materials in several light weight and high strength applications. The reasons why composites are selected for such applications are mainly their high strength-to-weight ratio, high tensile strength at elevated temperatures, high creep resistance and high toughness. Therefore minimum Wear of component or part used in machinery is very important factor for the industry. In this paper the tribological behavior of PEEK (Poly-ether-ether-ketone) composites reinforced by 30% short glass fiber and phosphor bronze were comparatively evaluated on Pin on disc machine. The effect of three parameters such as temperature, load and sliding distance on Wear loss of PEEK composites reinforced by 30% short glass fiber and phosphor bronze were examined. The detailed mathematical model is simulated by Minitab 17 and simulation results fit experiment data very well In this investigation, an effective approach based on Taguchi method, analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariable linear regression (MVLR), has been developed to determine the optimum conditions leading to minimum Wear. Experiments were conducted by varying temperature, load and sliding distance using L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi method. The present work aims at optimizing process parameters to achieve minimum Wear. Experimental results from the orthogonal array were used as the training data for the MVLR model to map the relationship between process parameters and Wear. The experiment was conducted on computerized Pin on Disc machine. It was observed that PEEK 30% Glass Fiber Composite Polymer has excellent wear resistance compare to Phosphor bronze at elevated temperature.
Key word: PEEK GF, Phosphor bronze, Tribological Properties, Wear, ANOVA.

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Shelke Vijay R, Dr. S. A. Sonawane, "Investigation of Tribological Behaviour of GF Filled Peek Composite under the Harsh Operating Conditions"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Maintenance cost reduction of a hydraulic excavator through oil analysis
  Lucas Resende Viegas, Lucas Nogueira Assis, Pedro Américo Almeida Magalhães Júnior
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The purpose of this article is to present the economic advantages that the Oil Analysis can offer to companies operating with hydraulic excavators. The financial advantages are the result of lower maintenance costs and increased productivity of the equipment. Real situations of an infrastructure construction company in which there were mechanical failures that could have been avoided if implemented with efficiency analysis of lubricants.
Key word: Failure Analysis, Hydraulic Excavator, Maintenance Costs, Oil Analysis.

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Lucas Resende Viegas, Lucas Nogueira Assis, Pedro Américo Almeida Magalhães Júnior, "Maintenance cost reduction of a hydraulic excavator through oil analysis"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• MODE II FRACTURE PARAMETERS FOR VARIOUS SIZES OF BEAMS IN PLAIN CONCRETE
  Darsigunta Seshaiah
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Blended aggregate in concrete and arriving at the structural properties of blended aggregate concrete is a thrust area. Pumice is very light and porous igneous rock that is formed during volcanic eruptions.Cinder is a waste material obtained from steel manufacturing units. Shear strength is a property of major significance for wide range of civil engineering materials and structures. Shear and punching shear failures particularly in deep beams, in corbels and in concrete flat slabs are considered to be more critical and catastrophic than other types of failures. This area has received greater attention in recent years. For investigating shear type of failures, from the literature it is found that double central notched (DCN) specimen geometry proposed by Prakash Desai and V.Bhaskar Desai is supposed the best suited geometry. In this present experimental investigation an attempt is made to study the Mode-II fracture property of light weight blended aggregate cement concrete combining both the pumice and cinder in different proportions, and making use of DCN test specimen geometry . By blending the pumice and cinder in different percentages of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 by volumeof concrete, a blended light weight aggregate concrete is prepared. By using this the property such as in plane shear strength is studied. Finally an analysis is carried out regarding Mode-II fracture properties of blended concrete. It is concluded that the Ultimate load in Mode-II is found to decrease continuously with the percentage increase in Pumice aggregate content. It is also observed that the ultimate stress in Mode II is found to increase continuously with percentage increase in cinder aggregate content.
Keywords: Cinder, light weight aggregate, Mode II fracture, shear strength, Pumice.

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Darsigunta Seshaiah, "MODE II FRACTURE PARAMETERS FOR VARIOUS SIZES OF BEAMS IN PLAIN CONCRETE"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Spectroscopic studies on Mn²⁺ ions doped Cadmium Aluminum Fluoro Lead Borate Glass
  K.Nagamuni Reddy, B. Sudhakar Reddy
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This article reports on optical properties of Mn²⁺ (0.5 mol%): 49.5 B₂O₃ - 10PbO - 30CdO -10AlF₃ glasses. Optical absorption spectrum of the manganese ions doped glass exhibits broad absorption band at 473 nm. Photoluminescence spectrum of Mn²⁺ (0.5 mol %): 49.5B₂O₃- 30CdO – 10PbO - 10AlF₃ glass has revealed a red emission at 618 nm with an excitation wavelength 467 nm.
KeywordsXRD, emission, excitation, absorption

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K.Nagamuni Reddy, B. Sudhakar Reddy, "Spectroscopic studies on Mn²⁺ ions doped Cadmium Aluminum Fluoro Lead Borate Glass"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• In silico approach for viral mutations and sustainability of immunizations
  A. de Castro
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

In this paper we use virtual samples of individuals and a dynamical modeling proposed in a previous study to study the behavior of immune memory against antigenic mutation. Our results suggest that the sustainability of the immunizations is not a stochastic process, what contradicts the current opinion. We show that what may cause an apparent random behavior of the immune memory is the viral variability. This result can be important to investigate the durability of vaccines and immunizations.
Key words:immune memory, computational immunology, viral mutation, stochasticity, vaccine, B cells.

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A. de Castro, "In silico approach for viral mutations and sustainability of immunizations"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Implementation of Text To Speech for Marathi Language Using Transcriptions Concept
  Sangramsing N. Kayte, Monica Mundada, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr.Bharti Gawali
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This research paper presents the approach towards converting text to speech using new methodology. The text to speech conversion system enables user to enter text in Marathi and as output it gets sound. The paper presents the steps followed for converting text to speech for Marathi language and the algorithm used for it. The focus of this paper is based on the tokenisation process and the orthographic representation of the text that shows the mapping of letter to sound using the description of language's phonetics. Here the main focus is on the text to IPA transcription concept. It is in fact, a system that translates text to IPA transcription which is the primary stage for text to speech conversion. The whole procedure for converting text to speech involves a great deal of time as it's not an easy task and requires efforts.
Key word: IPA, Orthographic representation, phonetic, tokenization, transcription.

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Sangramsing N. Kayte, Monica Mundada, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr.Bharti Gawali, "Implementation of Text To Speech for Marathi Language Using Transcriptions Concept"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Rule-based Prosody Calculation for Marathi Text-to-Speech Synthesis
  Sangramsing N. Kayte, Monica Mundada, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr. Bharti Gawali
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This research paper presents two empirical studies that examine the influence of different linguistic aspects on prosody in Marathi. First, we analyzed a Marathi corpus with respect to the effect of syntax and information status on prosody. Second, we conducted a listening test which investigated the prosodic realisation of constituents in the Marathi depending on their information status. The results were used to improve the prosody prediction in the Marathi text-to-speech synthesis system MARY.
Key word: Prosody, Marathi MARY, MULI corpus, GToBI.

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Sangramsing N. Kayte, Monica Mundada, Dr. Charansing N. Kayte, Dr. Bharti Gawali, "Rule-based Prosody Calculation for Marathi Text-to-Speech Synthesis"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Analyzing Adhesion of Epoxy/Steel Interlayer in Scratch Test
  Alp Özdemir, İbrahim Kocabaş, Pavel Svanda
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The aim of this paper is to investigate use of an experimental technique to determine which parameters effects on the interfacial durability performance of adhesive on the metallic adherends as zinc plated mild steel (S235) by using Taguchi method. The experimental layout has been used four scratch force parameters using the L16 (41x23) orthogonal array. The statistical methods of signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to examine effects of surface treatment, adhesive type, blade angle and thickness on scratch force and scratch energy. Besides, the surface analysis was carried out the morphological modifications as well as to perform elemental analyses of the pre-treated surfaces. Results of this study indicate that the thickness and surface treatment are main parameters influencing scratch force (by 52.4% and 19.9%) and scratch energy (by 44.0 % and 25.6%), respectively.
Index Terms: Adhesive, Scratch test, Surface treatment, Taguchi method, Zinc plated mild steel

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Alp Özdemir, İbrahim Kocabaş, Pavel Svanda, "Analyzing Adhesion of Epoxy/Steel Interlayer in Scratch Test"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Mechanical Response Analysis of Asphalt Pavement Structure
  Yu Zhenqing
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Generally, the Chinese designed life of the high- grade asphalt concrete pavement is required 15 years, however, the designed life of the road in surface is often lower than the designed life, and even premature failure. Especially in heavy traffic conditions, the early damage of some high grade-asphalt pavement in China is serious. According to some investigations, we founded the main reason of the long-life asphalt pavement is to determine the function of each structure layer. According to the stress of pavement structure layer, so as to select the structure layer materials. Based on the viewpoint of mechanics, asphalt pavement damage mode is divided into three categories, such as top-down crack, fatigue cracking and rutting. Therefore, this paper uses ANSYS finite element software as calculation tool, the combination of road vehicle load and the primary influence on asphalt pavement structure mechanics response characteristics were analyzed. In this paper, the method of analysis is control variable: that means under different vehicle axle load, only change surface layer modulus and observe the pavement structure mechanical response trends to compare the effect. By using the same method, the response of the pavement base course parameters to the pavement mechanical structure is analyzed.
Keywords: Asphalt Pavement; Force Response; Finite Element Method

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Yu Zhenqing, "Mechanical Response Analysis of Asphalt Pavement Structure"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Starting of fluorescent tube light by using inverter circuit instead of choke and starter arrangement
  Manish Debnath
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

A fluorescent tube light generally starts glowing when a large voltage is applied across its terminals at the time of starting for a very short period, once it starts glowing then it will be able to continue with normal supply voltage. Conventionally this needed high voltage, at the time of starting, is provided by the use of choke starter arrangement.On the other hand, the circuit which converts the dc into ac is called inverter circuit. This paper will discuss about an inverter circuit which can be used in place of choke starter arrangement. This inverter circuit develops high voltage at the time of starting and after that its output voltage will come down to the normal rated voltage level. This inverter circuit arrangement not only make the tube light performance faster but also economically preferable.
Keywords: Diode, Fluorescent tube light, Heat sink,Inverter, 2N3055 (N-P-N transistor).

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Manish Debnath, "Starting offluorescent tube light by using inverter circuit instead of choke and starter arrangement"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Numerical Investigation of Forced Convection cooling of Electrical enclosure using CFD
  Lakshminarasimha. N
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Electrical enclosures consist of high heat generating electrical components, so removal of heat generated remains as our primary aim. To achieve this, cooling the electrical equipment is always an economical and optimum solution to keep the electrical components to their operating temperature limits. Placing the cooling components in the enclosure is another important parameter to be considered. This parameter can be judged using a simple CFD analysis. Therefore in the present work CFD simulation has been carried out by considering a typical Aluminum Electrical enclosure of volume (300mm X 300mm X 300mm) with total internal heat dissipation of 150W. With those values into consideration the surface area of enclosure, enclosure temperature rise, air flow requirement in an enclosure is calculated and based on which the fan is selected.
Keywords: Enclosure, cooling, temperature rise, CFD

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Lakshminarasimha. N, "Numerical Investigation of Forced Convection cooling of Electrical enclosure using CFD"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• QoS Constrained H.264/SVC video streaming over Multicast Ad Hoc Networks
  Amit Chopra, Dr. Rajneesh Kumar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Support for QoS enabled multimedia transmission over multicast ad hoc network is necessary these days. Researchers have developed various encoding/decoding schemes which can efficiently deliver the multimedia contents over wireless networks. In case of ad hoc networks, performance of routing protocol depends upon different factors i.e. traffic type being used for wireless transmission, dynamic network behavior, bandwidth and computational power of nodes etc. It is essential to investigate the performance of multicast routing protocol using various data types because they may consume huge network resources thus results in degradation of transmission quality. In case of multicast group communication, Audio/Video data stream can cause extra overhead on network performance and it is quite difficult to maintain Quality of Services for such type of data. H.264 offers a rich codec library for Scalable Video Coding, to transfer SVC video traffic efficiently over wireless networks. In this paper, we will analyze the performance of MAODV and PUMA routing protocols using H.264/SVC video streaming traffic under the various QoS constraints such as Throughput, PDR, Delay, Routing Load and Jitter etc.
Keywords: Ad Hoc, Multicast, QoS, MAODV, PUMA, H.264/SVC

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Amit Chopra, Dr. Rajneesh Kumar, "QoS Constrained H.264/SVC video streaming over Multicast Ad Hoc Networks"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Micro CT settings for caries detection: how to optimize
  Pereira-Oliveira S, Chaiben CL, Ando M, Freitas CF, Zero D, Azevedo-Alanis LR, Ferreira-Zandona AG
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Some important items that can influence micro CT image were reviewed in this study. Different settings were optimized for the assessment of early caries lesions. There are several researches on bone using micro CT but not too much on dental hard tissues when assessing mineral loss. Different kinds of micro CT devices and technologies are taking place today, each requiring unique settings, and this consists one of the greatest obstacles for the use of micro CT on dental hard tissues. Achieving the settings for an ideal dental image is therefore a challenge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different micro CT settings to optimize the assessment of early caries lesions aiming the integrity of the dental specimen thus, making possible to reuse it for further studies. Three teeth with early caries lesions were submitted to different micro CT settings and different reconstruction settings, aiming a better image. The final image was compared visually through different densities and attenuation coefficients. The best setting for teeth tissues was achieved regarding contrast, definition, noise reduction and the larger difference between sound enamel and early lesions attenuation coefficient.
Keywords: Dental Caries, Diagnostic Imaging, Radiographic Image Enhancement, X-Ray Microtomography

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Pereira-Oliveira S, Chaiben CL, Ando M, Freitas CF, Zero D, Azevedo-Alanis LR, Ferreira-Zandona AG, "Micro CT settings for caries detection: how to optimize"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Development of metallic rack packages for the metallurgical industry: Case Study
  L.O. Neto, J.V.P.C. Ávila, J.W.J. Silva, N.A.S. Sampaio, L.F.V.M. Fernandes, R.B. Ribeiro
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The companies that need partnership for pieces or components supply to compose their product, have concern with the quality of their packings. Nowadays, the packings have a fundamental part in the life and process of the product. The objective of this project was the development of industrial packings, like metallic racks, for machine components so that they propitiate improvements in transportation and storage. The metallic racks must assure the integrity of the components to be transported, ensuring their quality; especially they offer a system of easy fixation and handling of the components to ease the loading and unloading in the packings. The methodology consists in the following steps: recognition of the problem, detailing of the pieces and technical drawing; creation and technical drawing of the rack; layout and presentation; approval and final testing. Reduction trigged by the developed project was more than 50% of investments in packings, totaling almost US$2,000.00 per year and 10 thousand in 5 years.
Keywords: Metallic racks, Industrial packings, Design.

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L.O. Neto, J.V.P.C. Ávila, J.W.J. Silva, N.A.S. Sampaio, L.F.V.M. Fernandes, R.B. Ribeiro, "Development of metallic rack packages for the metallurgical industry: Case Study"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• A Numerical study of Flow through Sigmoid Duct
  Prasanta K.Sinha, S. Mukhopadhya, B.Majumdar
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Curved diffusers are an integral component of the gas turbine engines of high-speed aircraft. These facilitate effective operation of the combustor by reducing the total pressure loss. The performance characteristics of these diffusers depend on their geometry and the inlet conditions. In the present investigation the distribution of mean velocity, static pressure and total pressure are experimentally studied on a S-shape Diffusing Duct of 45°/45° angle of turn with an area ratio of 1.65 aspect ratio 3.95 keeping inlet width 55 mm with centre line length 460 mm. The experimental results then were numerically validated with the help of Fluent. The velocity distribution shows that generation of secondary motion in the form of counter rotating vortices within the 1st half of the diffuser. The secondary motion changes their sense of rotation after the inflexion plane of the test diffuser. The maximum values of the mass average static Pressure recovery and total pressure loss are 36% and 13% compared to the predicted results of 39% and 11% respectively, which shows a good agreement between the experimental and predicted results.
Keywords: S-shape diffuser, k-ε model, Fluent solver, Five-hole probe

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Prasanta K.Sinha, S. Mukhopadhya, B.Majumdar, "A Numerical study of Flow through Sigmoid Duct"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Design And Analysis Of Savonius Wind Turbine Blades
  Kshitija. M. Deshmukh, Deepak .V. Mishra, Vaibhav .P. Somani
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

There are two kinds of wind turbines according to the axis of rotation to the ground, horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) and vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). VAWTs include both a drag type configuration like Savonius wind turbine and a lift-type configuration like Darrieus wind turbine. Savonius wind rotor has many advantages such as low starting speeds and no need for external torque for its starting. Moreover it is cheaper in construction and has low maintenance. It is independent of the wind direction and has a good starting torque at lower wind speeds. The experimental study conducted in this paper aims to investigate the effect of number of blades and other criteria that can affect the performance of the model of Savonius type wind turbine. The experiments used to compare 2, 3, and 4 blades wind turbines to show tip speed ratio, torque and power coefficient related with wind speed. A simulation using ANSYS 13.0 software will show pressure distribution of wind turbine. The results of study showed that number of blades influence the performance of wind turbine. Savonius model with three blades has the best performance at high tip speed ratio.

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Kshitija. M. Deshmukh, Deepak .V. Mishra, Vaibhav .P. Somani, "Design And Analysis Of Savonius Wind Turbine Blades"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Comparative analysis on an exponential form of pulse with an integer and non-integer exponent to use in pulse compression with better resolution in range and velocity
  Ankur Thakur, Salman Raju Talluri
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The theme of this paper is to make a fundamental comparative analysis on time-bandwidth product of a short duration pulse, whose amplitude is varied with an exponent as an integer and non-integer. The time-bandwidth product is the most significant factor in pulse compression techniques which is used very often in radar systems for better detection of the target and resolving the ambiguities in the both range and velocity with the help of ambiguity function. In this paper, different exponents have been used and it is observed that the non-integer exponents are giving slightly better quantitative parameters like time-bandwidth product, relative sidelobe level and main lobe widths. To improve these quantitative parameters, phase variations have been incorporated with the differentiated pulses of the original exponential signal. Finally, the modulation has also been applied on the pulses to observe the results in real practical applications. From all these analysis, it is concluded that the differentiated non-integer exponential pulse with bi-polar variations is giving better pulse compression requirements (time-bandwidth product, peak sidelobe level, 3-dB beamwidth and main lobe widths) compared to all other pulse forms. The outputs of the matched filter are also observed for each pulse shape.
Keywords: Radar,pulse compression, ambiguity function, range resolution, velocity resolution,

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Ankur Thakur, Salman Raju Talluri, "Comparative analysis on an exponential form of pulse with an integer and non-integer exponent to use in pulse compression with better resolution in range and velocity"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Performance Analysis of WiMAX and LTE Using NS-2
  Afjal Hossen Mondul, Rezwan Salmani
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The increasing use of wireless devices and in particular smart phones has resulted the need for greater capacity and higher speed than the existing network technologies. Hence, LTE (Long Term Evolution) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoper- ability for Microwave Access) became the two leading technologies. Services are increasingly shifting from voice to data and from circuit-switched to packet-switched ones. Battle between LTE and WiMAX technologies is already heating up with WiMAX being ahead due to availability of standards through IEEE 802.16 and is up and running but lacks in substantial roll out plans due to cost. The targets for LTE indicate bandwidth increases as high as 100 Mbps on the downlink, and up to 50 Mbps on the uplink. However, this potential increase in bandwidth is just a small part of the overall improvement LTE aims to provide. This study illustrates the model and representation of LTE links and traffics using NS-2 network simulator and observation of TCP performance investigated. The Evaluation of the network performance with TCP is mainly based on congestion window behavior, throughput, average delay and lost packet.
Keywords: NS-2 (Network Simulator-2), LTE (Long Term Evolution), Wimax (Worldwide Interoperability For Microwave Access), Technologies.

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Afjal Hossen Mondul, Rezwan Salmani, "Performance Analysis of WiMAX and LTE Using NS-2"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Seismic Fragility Analysis of Regular and Vertical Setback R/C Frame Buildings
  Pavani Taliakula, Dr.V.A.Prasad
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The earthquake phenomenon represents one of the most devastating forces that causes not only loss to human life but cripples the economy of a nation as well. Hence it is necessary to study the vulnerability characteristics of structures subjected to such seismic excitations to reduce the socioeconomic impact of such a catastrophe. The study of behavior of RC structures subjected to seismic loads has always been a subject of interest owing to the large scale presence of such structures in the seismically prone areas. In this report a brief review of seismic performance evaluation procedure of reinforced concrete buildings is presented. Capacity spectrum method (CSM) is adopted for evaluating seismic performance of reinforced concrete building for various parameters (hard, medium and soft soils) as per IS code 1893(Part 1):2002. Further the methodologies for vulnerability assessment of different R.C buildings are presented. The applicability of HAZUS drift ratio based damage state thresholds for building designed as per IS 456-2000 code are also studied. Fragility curves were developed for buildings with setbacks on different stories and their damage probability is compared. Fragility curves were also developed for the buildings with and without infill walls and compared their damage states. The vulnerable characteristics of these buildings are analyzed and compared by developing the damage probability matrix. Setback buildings were found to be more vulnerable compared to regular building however setbacks building with provision of infill are found to perform as regular RC buildings.

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Pavani Taliakula, Dr.V.A.Prasad, "Seismic Fragility Analysis of Regular and Vertical Setback R/C Frame Buildings"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Two Level and Five Level Cascaded H-bridge Inverter Structure with Amplitude Modulation (AM) Technique with Reduction in Total Harmonic Distortion
  Archan B. Patel, Vipul J. Anghan, Purvi B. Anghan, Chandni M. Vora
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Inverters using pulse width modulation techniques generates common mode voltages in induction motor drives which can cause shaft voltages and bearing currents resulting into failure of motor. A two level and five level inverter topology with amplitude modulation technique is proposed in this paper which completely eliminates the above problems. Also losses in switching devices and stress is reduced. Using proposed topology total harmonic distortion (THD) is reduced and improved overall harmonic profile is achieved. The system is modelled with the help of MATLAB Simulink software for two level and five level inverter with proposed AM technique. Experimental results shown for the proposed topology which indicates lower total harmonic distortion.
Keywords: Amplitude Modulation (AM), Cascaded H-bridge Inverter, Multilevel Inverter (MLI), Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).

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Archan B. Patel, Vipul J. Anghan, Purvi B. Anghan, Chandni M. Vora, "Two Level and Five Level Cascaded H-bridge Inverter Structure with Amplitude Modulation (AM) Technique with Reduction in Total Harmonic Distortion"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Detection and Tracking of Moving Object: A Survey
  Hemangi R. Patil, Prof. K. S. Bhagat
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Object tracking is the process of locating moving object or multiple objects in sequence of frames. Object tracking is basically a challenging problem. Difficulties in tracking of an object may arise due to abrupt changes in environment, motion of object, noise etc. To overcome such problems different tracking algorithms have been proposed. This paper presents various techniques related to object detection and tracking..The goal of this paper is to present a survey of these techniques.
Keywords: Object tracking, Object Detection, Object Classification, Video Surveillance.

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Hemangi R. Patil, Prof. K. S. Bhagat, "Detection and Tracking of Moving Object: A Survey"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Fuzzy based control of Transformer less Coupled inductor based DC-DC converter
  V. Viswanath, G.Shiny Vikram, Satyanarayana.V
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Most of the industrial applications use any one of the basic DC-DC converter configurations namely buck, boost, buck–boost, and Cuk converters. These converters are non-isolating converters. Buck-boost converters use inductors for storing energy from the source and release the same to load or output. This results in high stress across magnetic components. This drawback restricts usage of buck-boost converters to low power applications. Flyback converters popularly have known as buck-boost converters uses transformers for achieving wide range of step down and step up voltages. Coupled inductor based converters or tapped inductor based converters are used for achieving wide input – wide output conversion ratios. Coherent transition between step-down and step-up modes is achieved by a proper control scheme. This paper proposes fuzzy logic based closed loop control scheme for control of converter switches. Theoretical derivations of control parameters with their membership values, mamdani based rules for development of fuzzy rules and simulation results of a coupled inductor based DC-DC converter using MATLAB / SIMULINK are concluded.
Keywords: Boost, buck, coupled inductors, energy recovering snubber, wide step-down, wide step-up, wide input–wide output (WIWO) DC–DC converter, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), Pulse width modulation (PWM).

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V. Viswanath, G.Shiny Vikram, Satyanarayana.V, "Fuzzy based control of Transformer less Coupled inductor based DC-DC converter"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Spook Robi
  K.S.Chandragupta Mauryan, A. P. Nandhini Devi, P.N.Nandhini, Y.Praveen, A.Ramesh
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

This project deals with the design and development of a robotic vehicle that is used to work as a SPY. This robot is controlled by using a Touch Screen of Android mobile with the help of software and also by using Voice control technique. It has a wireless camera which can rotate up and down, left and right and it will send back real time video and audio inputs which can be seen on a remote monitor in the base station from where the robot is being controlled and action can be taken accordingly. It also has sensors which senses the obstacles found. if there is any obstacle it will stop and search for nearby easier way and if there is no easy way found then it will fly to cross that obstacle. It can silently enter into an enemy area and send us all the information through its camera eyes. This spy robot can be used in star hotels, shopping malls, jewellery show rooms, etc., where there can be threat from intruders or terrorists. Since human life is always precious, these robots are a replacement for fighters against terrorist in war areas.
Key words: Spy Robot, Touch screen android mobile, Wireless camera, RF technology, voice control, PIC microcontroller, Ultrasonic sensor, Motor control.

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K.S.Chandragupta Mauryan, A. P. Nandhini Devi, P.N.Nandhini, Y.Praveen, A.Ramesh, "Spook Robi"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Risk Management In Construction Projects Of Developing Countries
  Divya Gupta, Manoj Sharma, Dr. Ashutosh Shankar Trivedi
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Managing risks in construction projects has been perceived as a very important management process so as to accomplish the undertaking goals as far as time, cost, quality, safety and environmental sustainability. Projects have become shared effort of multiple parties and construction industry is a good example of an area, where the project outcome is delivered in an extremely complex actor network. By adopting risk management, savings' potentials can be realized in construction projects. For this reason, consideration of the risk management process is worthwhile for project managers as well as real estate developers. The implementation of risk management system in construction projects must be oriented towards the progress of the project and pervade all areas, functions and processes of the project. For analyzing the levels of various risk factors in construction industry, questionnaire surveys were used to collect data. Based on a comprehensive assessment of the likelihood of occurrence of various risks and their impacts on the project objectives, this paper identifies twenty major risk factors. This research found that these risks are mainly related to (in ranking) contractors, clients and designers, with a few related to government bodies, subcontractors/suppliers and external issues. Among them, "Financial Risk" is recognized to influence all project destinations maximally, whereas working in hot areas, closure, defective design and delayed payments on contract are also some important risk factors. This research also found that these risks spread through the whole project life cycle and many risks occur in more than one phase, with the construction stage as the most risky phase, followed by the feasibility stage. It is concluded that clients, designers and government bodies must work cooperatively from the feasibility phase onwards to address potential risks in time. Also contractors and subcontractors with robust construction and management knowledge should be employed early to make sound preparation for carrying out safe, efficient and quality construction activities. The aim of this research is to identify and evaluate current risks and uncertainties in the construction industry through extensive literature survey. It also intends to make a basis for future studies for development of a risk management structure to be adopted by prospective investors, developers and contractors in Developing countries.
Keywords: risk, risk management, risk analysis, construction projects.

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Divya Gupta, Manoj Sharma, Dr. Ashutosh Shankar Trivedi, "Risk Management In Construction Projects Of Developing Countries"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Data Mining Techniques in Medical Science
  Sitanath Biswas, Archana Panda, Pappu Sharada
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

The electronic and the written records both played an equally significant part in the daily lives of the health department staffs. However, after the globalised version of change in the healthcare department, it has been recorded by the researcher in his examination a portion of the fundamental focuses that demonstrate the genuine advantage of the information and the dangers. Consequently in this report, the analysts will show unmistakably the Data mining procedure and its different focuses. The primary focal point of the investigation is needy upon the Nursing work, and in this manner various health care centres and the nurses will be taken under consideration. The report additionally examines about the data mining subject's experience and how it rose in the therapeutic science field of capacity. The information that are dealt with in the framework has changed into a making care each. It has been noticed that information mining is considered to all computer-based information stockpiling and recovering method. The approach of the digital form of data gathering will also be explained and along with it will also showcase some critical points that are co-related with the findings and analysis. In the end, the researcher will provide its own recommendation for the betterment of the nursing in the medical science field of capacity.
Keywords: Administration, analytics, diagnosis, HealthCare and nursing

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Sitanath Biswas, Archana Panda, Pappu Sharada "Data Mining Techniques in Medical Science"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Partial Replacement of Sand with Marble Dust in Concrete
  Honey Mishra, Priyadarshinee Behera
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

Concrete is a widely used material in the world. Based on global usage it is placed at second position after water. Common river sand is expensive due to excessive cost of transportation from natural sources. River sand is most commonly used fine aggregate in the production of concrete poses the problem of acute shortage in many areas and continuous usage has started posing serious problems with respect to its availability, cost and environmental impact. So Engineers began to search for alternative for fine aggregate. The basic objective of this study was to identify alternative source of good quality aggregates. The present investigation has been undertaken to study the effect of Marble dust on the mechanical properties of concrete, when marble dust is replaced with fine aggregate in different percentages The main parameter investigate were cube compressive strength. In this work, M25 grade concrete mix was developed using IS method of mix design. Specimens of dimension of 150 x 150 x 150mm cubes were.....
Keywords: ...

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Honey Mishra, Priyadarshinee Behera "Partial Replacement of Sand with Marble Dust in Concrete"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Application of Integrated Approach for Improving Speaking Skill
  Pranati Mishra, Manisha Panda
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Abstract:

The integrated approach to teaching English language in secondary schools in Kenya was introduced in 1986 with the inception of the 8-4-4 system of education. One of the aims of this approach in Kenya was to address the problem of poor oral skills among form four school leavers. However, evaluation of the challenges teachers face in using this approach to teach has not been adequately done. Thus a study was carried out in 2010 to identify and suggest solutions to these challenges to teaching speaking skills in English in secondary schools. This study was important because English as used in real life situation is integrated. Additionally, speaking skill is key to effective communication. When one has control of language he/she feels confident and comfortable when talking to other people. Communication is important in any carrier. A descriptive survey was carried out in secondary schools in Eldoret Municipality. This paper is, therefore, an overview of the results obtained from the study. A total of 7 secondary schools....
Keywords: Speaking Skills, Integrated Approach, Challenges

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Pranati Mishra1 Manisha Panda "Application of Integrated Approach for Improving Speaking Skill"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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• Efficient energy management system for solar energy
  Jabinbanu M Nadaf
  [Abstract] [PDF] [Cite]

Abstract:

To achieve a clean energy carrier, solar energy is expected to play a significant part in the world's future energy situation. Hydrogen is a clean energy source that may be used to Putting an end to global warming by reducing CO2 emissions and replacing fossil fuels. Producing hydrogen from plentiful water and renewable solar energy offers a low-impact way to meet rising global.....
Keywords: electrical power, electrolysis, hydrogen, photovoltaic, solar energy

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Jabinbanu M Nadaf "Efficient energy management system for solar energy"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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