Abstract:

Pineapple is Benin's third largest agricultural export product after cotton and cashew nuts. Its productivity is affected by water deficit. An experiment was conducted in southern Benin to assess the influence of tillage and mulching on soil water balance under pineapple cultivation. The plant material consists of the pineapple "SugarLoaf" variety. The experimental design used was a split plot with 4 replications where the main factor was the tillage method and the secondary factor, the usage of pineapple crop residues. Soil moisture was evaluated monthly by the gravimetric method, which allowed the calculation of water stocks and the estimation of the water balance at each phenological stage. The data were analyzed using the Excel software. The results revealed that soil water stocks are higher under ridging than under flat tillage during the vegetative and flowering stages in opposite to the fruiting-harvesting stage. Burying of fresh crop residues results in higher soil water stocks followed by surface mulching of residues during all phenological stages. Plants experienced water stress throughout the crop cycle (ETR/ETM <1), but more during the vegetative stage..
Keyword: water deficit, drainage, gravimetric method, evapotranspiration, soil water stock

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Elvire LineSOSSA, Bidossessi Mathieu HOUNSOU, Codjo Emile AGBANGBA, Adémola Jules AyindéADEGNANDJOU, ComlanUlrich TCHEGNIMONHAN, LucOlivier SINTONDJI, Guillaume Lucien AMADJI, Kossi Euloge AGBOSSOU, Djidjoho Joseph HOUNHOUIGAN "Influence of tillage and mulching on soil water balance under pineapple crop (Ananas comosus (l) Merr)" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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An instrument for measurement of photo-acoustic linear dichroism (PALD) using continuously modulated light polarization is presented. It allows direct detection of differential heat dissipation, for orthogonal light polarizations, in a macroscopically oriented sample in contact with a piezo-electric transducer. PALD in combination with ordinary linear dichroism (LD) from transmission measurement of linearly polarized light, is suggested as a tool for studying de-excitation mechanisms in ordered systems. PALD also extends LD applications to turbid and semi-opaque samples. Preliminary results indicate that the probability of radiation-less dissipation in aromatic dye molecules macroscopically aligned in a stretched poly(vinyl alcohol)matrix depend on the orientation of the molecular frame relative to the polymer chains, which can provide information about perturbation and heat transfer mechanisms in an anisotropic environment. The possibility of measuring photo-acoustic circular dichroism (PACD) is also briefly discussed with applications to turbid or strain-birefringent samples, for example, for comparison of conformation between liquid and crystalline powder samples...
Keyword: ...

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Bengt Nordén "Photo-Acoustic Linear and Circular Dichroism" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The tube in tube structures, tube mega frame structures and multiple tube structures are the most recent imaginative idea. The tube system framework idea depends on the possibility that the structure can be made to withstand lateral loads by planning it as an empty cantilever opposite to the ground. Conventionally tube in tube structures are formed by connecting outer frame tube and inner tube frame or hull core tube so closely that, it isn't viewed as a strong framework yet it acts like a strong surface. All in conveying the lateral loads. In this project a comparative study on tube in tube, multiple tube and tubed mega frame structures has been done using ETABS software
Keyword: tube in tube, multiple tubes, tubed mega frame

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Khuresheed Ahmed M D, Shruti Amruth Gangashetty "Comparative Study of Tube in Tube, Multiple Tube and Tubed Mega Frame Structures" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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This paper mainly focuses on the pre-treatment process in the surface coating industry. There is a lot of time-consuming factors, cost, and the quantity of water, the chemical has been used throughout the existing pre-treatment process at the surface coating industry. To overcome these obstacles, we have introduced an innovative model for the pre-treatment process at the surface coating industry with the help of Nano-ceramic coating process. This proposed model benefits the surface coating industry with less water efficiency, the quantity of chemical, cost, and the time is taken for each process..
Keyword: Nano-ceramic, Surface coating industry, Pre-treatment Process, water efficiency

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Bhavya N, Sampath Kumar M C "Proposed Model for Pre-Treatment Process with Nano-Ceramic Conversion Coating at Surface Coating Industry" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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This research study the addition of mineral admixtures such as silica fume and quartz powder as partial replacement of cement using different kinds of aggregates like sand, dolomite and crushed granite in different mixes of RPC on mechanical properties such as(compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting tensile strength) and physical properties such as (absorptiontest) and compared with control mix. 35% of quartz powder and 15% of silica fume respectively were partial replaced with cement for all mixes except the control ones. Results indicated that the mix contain crushed granite aggregate has improved the compressive strength by 233.27 %, the flexural strength was improved by 121.4% and splitting tensile strength 203.61 % compared to control ones. Low absorption percentage was conducted by 2.174% in the mix containing dolomite aggregate at age of 28 days compared to control ones..
Keyword: Reactive powder concrete (RPC); Quartz powder; Crushed granite; Dolomite; Sand; Compressive strength; Flexural strength; Splitting strength; Absorption test.

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Basma Adel Mohamed Abd El Rahman, Al-Saaid Ibrahim Zaki El-Deen "Investigation on Using Mineral Admixtures and Different Kinds of Aggregates onPhysical and Mechanical Properties on Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC)" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Buildings consume about 40% of the total energy of the world and hence it is essential to adopt the practice of sustainable buildings. This paper aims to redesign an existing building according to the green building norms. It also focuses on the energy efficiency and economic feasibility while redesigning the same. The hotel's natural resource utilization and energy consumption is immense and this also has an impact on the environment. This study stresses on the benefits that would be obtained like reduced energy consumption and reduced wastage of water along with other materials thereby leading to cost savings later on. The redesigning of hotel is done using the benchmarks provided by GRIHA for subsequent analysis. The costing and relevant savings calculations for the business is also conducted to check the economic feasibility of the research.
Keyword: Green buildings, Renewable energy, GRIHA, Natural Ventilation, Wastage

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Ashish Mishra, Bharat Nagar, Jagriti Gupta, Lavanya Subramanian "Adaptation of an existing building into a green building" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The Videos captured in water is hazy due to the several effects of the underwater medium. The underwater medium is not friendly for imaging data and brings low contrast and fades color issues. Therefore, the video is processed and divided into frames, during any image based exploration and inspection activity, it is essential to enhance the imaging data before going for further processing. In this use we consider underwater video and present a stationary wavelet-based fusion method to enhance the hazy underwater videos by addressing the low contrast and color alteration issues. While publicly available fog underwater videos can be qualitatively enhanced with some advanced techniques, quantitative study of video quality illustrates good results..
Keyword: Video Processing, Wavelet transforms, Stationary Wavelet Transform.

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Hepsibha Devara, Dr.P.SatyanarayanaMurthy "Underwater Video Enhancement by SWT Based Fusion" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The iot is nothing but the internet of the things where the we can perform or find out the internet of Technology we can perform the specific sensor specific data from the mobile devices and other portable devices using the sensors specific data. Internet of things are the concept which is uses for the device for the monitoring weather forecasting of the enviorment using sensor specific data ,just like as the sensors such as the Gyroscope, Proximity sensors ,Barometer for the implementation.
Keyword: IOT devices, sensors, Gyroscope, Proximity sensors, Verticle farming

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Nikheel Dilip Kasar "IOT based Weather Forecasting system" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Education is characterized by the construction of knowledge acquired throughout life and thus contributes to the composition of meaningful innovative models to overcome challenges. The objective of the article is to identify methods and models of certification of educational processes, however, during the educational process, strategies are developed, development of competences, skills and scientific and technological domains with the aim of qualification in the teaching-learning process that can be acquired for the development of a method or model that differs from school to school in order to meet the requirements for certification, protection and / or patenting. The research used a bibliometric method looking for published theoretical references for data collection using the search platform SCOPUS which resulted in a total of 1,555 articles, filtering according to the research theme. The result showed a lack of obtaining studies in this area of certification in the educational process, reporting the qualification....
Keyword: Certification, Teaching and Learning, Qualification, Educational Process

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Clara Angélica dos Santos, Tiago de Melo Ramos, Jaldemir Santana Batista Bezerra, Robelius De-Bortoli "Bibliometric Study on Educational Process and Certification" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The paper presents research in the understanding of how the manufacturing control parameters affect the physical processes inside low pressure plasma etch reactor. The flow inside the reactor varies from continuum flow to near free molecular flow. In addition, electromagnetic effects are important due to rf heating, magnetic confinement, and wafer potential bias acceleration. Numerical simulation allows the full characterization of both neutral and ion behavior inside the reactor. With simulation, it is also possible to study etch reactor design changes before building of hardware..
Keyword: silicon Etching, DSMC, SAC process, CF gas

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Suman Ghosh, Shyamal Kumar Roy "Modeling of Plasma Etching Reactors based on Numerical Study" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Human Engineered ecosystem like zoological garden situated next to national highway is continuously exposed to air pollution due to vehicular traffic. Disturbance and pollution levels exceeding that of wild animal habitat are caused by vehicular sources, this have negative influence on behavior of wildlife in captivity. Study carried out for three seasons showed the daily variations in vehicular count and the related emissions for the Zoological gardens in Mysuru city. the average wind velocity for April, June and December was 2.12 m/s, 2.38 m/s and 1.95m/s, the Average concentration of Carbon monoxide and particulate matter at monitoring station was observed to be highest during summer 17.22 mg/m3 and 712.2g/m3 with pollutant concentration exceeding National Ambient Air Quality Standards by 4.3 and 7.42 times. Carbon monoxide was the major pollutant found in terms of volume followed by Particulate matter, Nitrogen dioxide and Sulphur dioxide in Sequential order.
Keyword: Sensitive Area, Ambient Air Quality, Traffic flow.

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Laxmiprasad S.V., K.S. Lokesh "Impact Evaluation of Vehicular Emissions on Ambient Air Quality Near Zoological Garden in Mysore city" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The wastewater discharged by slaughterhouse is characterized mainly by high biochemical oxygen demand, high suspended solids, and a complex mixture of fats, proteins, and fibers requiring systematic treatment before disposal. This study was carried out to examine a lab-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor performance for the treatment of slaughter wastewater under varying operating conditions. (pH) 7.1-7.8, total suspended solids (TSS) 900-1500 mg/l, total dissolved solids (TDS) 1600-3000 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 3000-5000 mg/l). The reactor was run at varying OLR (0.025) and HRT (7.00, 11.00, 15.00, 19.00, 23.00 hrs) at the temperature of (29-35°C). The maximum total chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of 82.68% was achieved at an organic loading rate of 0.013 kg/COD/m2/day and at a hydraulic retention time of 23 hrs. Mathematical modeling is an important preliminary....
Keyword: Slaughter wastewater, UASB Reactor, COD, OLR, HRT, and Mathematical model

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Dr.S.Syed Enayathali "Performance Of An Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor In The Treatment Of Slaughter Wastewater" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The protection devices are one of the most important part of any electrical network, whether it is small network or large. we will discuss about only three main and famous types in which they are commonly used in all electrical networks. It is also concentrate on the principle of their operation and it will not exposed to the selection methods of them.
Keyword: Protection device, fuses, circuit breaker, overcurrent device, relays.

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ENG. ABDULRAHMAN M. I. AL KANDARI "Protection Devices" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

Solar Photovoltaic array for renewable energy application incorporates perturb and observe algorithm fed boost converter and vector control fed induction motor drive algorithm. The system deals with the implementation of Perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm to extract maximum power point to control duty ratio of boost converter. A vector controlled voltage source inverter operates induction motor drive. The system is designed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software. The two proposed individual control algorithm works effectively. The results are demonstrated for verification.
Keyword: Solar Panel, Maximum power point tracking (MPPT), vector control, induction motor drive.

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Ms. Rutuja. Suresh. Zargad, Prof . Meghraj. S. Morey "Solar PV based Vector Controlled Induction Motor Drive for renewable energy application." Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

Extending network lifetime in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has become one of the major challenges as sensor nodes have limited battery source. All of these sensor nodes have the ability to communicate either with each other or directly to an external base station. Studies show that Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is one of the protocols of WSNs which is a clustering based protocol where randomized rotation of local cluster base stations is used to evenly distribute load among the sensor nodes. The major challenge in this clustering technique is balancing the load among different clusters in the network so that early death of some nodes does not affect network lifetime. In this paper we propose a genetic algorithm based load balanced clustering approach for optimizing.....
Keyword: Wireless Sensor Network, Genetic Algorithm, Sensor Node, Cluster Head, Network Lifetime

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Saziya Tabbassum, Sanjeev Bangarh "Load Balanced Clustering Approach in Wireless Sensor Network using Genetic Algorithm" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Novel vertical directional solidification process (VDS-process) has been constructed for growth of the III-V detached crystals. Research aim is to grow the gallium ("Ga‟) doped In(1-x)GaxSb(x=0.10, 0.15, 0.25) ingots. The comprehensive characterization of the composition, structure, electrical, microstructure and the thermoelectric properties by tuning the stoichiometry are studied. The doping in pristine InSb decreased the carrier mobility of the binary InSb ingots from ~6.05x104cm2/V.sec to In(1-x)GaSb ~ 1.241x104, 9.01x103, and 2.436x103cm2/V.sec, and the resistivity from 3.0x10-3Ω.cm marginally reduced to 2.98, 2.58, and 1.69 x10-3Ω.cm. Remarkably, the carrier concentration, increased from ~3.8x1016cm3 to ~1.89, 2.29, and 3.15 x1018cm3 and increase in dislocation density from ~ 962cm-2 in to ~1.21, 6.94 and 9.93x103cm-2. The "Ga‟ doping tailored the band gap of InSb from 0.169eV to 0.2011...
Keyword: Directional solidification; X-ray diffraction; Growth from melt Antimonides; Semiconducting ternary compounds; Semiconducting III-V materials

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D. B. Gadkari "Study of the Ga doped In(1-x)GaxSb(x= 0.10, 0.15, 0.25) crystals' the compositional, structural, electrical, and the microstructures properties: Growth by the VDS-process" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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With the development of technology and increasing smart cities, the number of vehicles in the countries has also incremented. With the increasing number of vehicles, the needs such as traffic controls and security controls have enlarged, and it has been difficult to follow each vehicle. Therefore, there was a need to improve the License Plate Recognition area. In this study, plate recognition has three stages. These stages are finding the plate region, character decomposition and character recognition methods. Before these stages, the image should be made clearer with some operations. Capturing and perceiving the image in flowing traffic is very difficult due to factors such as light and speed. This article first detects tools for License Plate Recognition, then applies a Convolutional Neural Network for character recognition on uncertain images and compares seven optimization algorithms. The results have been shown that accuracy and training time are superior compared to old plate recognition methods.
Keyword: Character Recognition, Convolutional Neural Network, Flowing Traffic, License Plate Recognition

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Isa Javadov, Ahmet Gurhanli "Comparison of Algorithms in License Plate Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Steel structure are employed in heavy industrial building to provide good strength and also carry tonnes of loads safely. Recently uses of castellated beam with different profile is increasing due to its good vertical bending stiffness, high weight ratio and high strength. The objective of the thesis is to strengthen the castellated beam with the application of extended plate and circular and hexagonal stiffener. The virtual CAD model of the I section beam is prepared with the help of standard sectional profile of IPE 140. FEM results guide us to the find out the stress and deflections in the existing parent beam and validate the result with experimental result. In order to reach the most optimum design of beam, several models in the form of different profile castellated were tested on the basis of ultimate strength and the most optimum design was selected. Based on the satisfaction of different factors in the form of load bearing capacity, stress induced and deflection the optimum selection of beam was performed.....
Keyword: CAD (computer aided design), FEM (Finite Element Method)

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Rajeev Kumar Singh, Prof. L.P. Shrivastava "Numerical Analysis and Validation of Octagonal Castellated Steel Beams with Circular and Octagonal Ring Stiffeners" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

In this work we propose the retarded logistic equation as a dynamic model for the spread of COVID-19 all over the world. This equation accounts for asymptomatic transmission, pre-symptomatic or latent transmission as well as contact tracing and isolation, and leads to a transparent definition of the instantaneous reproduction numberR. For different parameter values, the model equation admits different classes of solutions.These solution classes correspond to, inter alia, containment of the outbreak via public health interventions, exponential growth despite interventions, containment despite reopening and second wave following reopening. We believe that the spread of COVID in every localized area such as a city, district or county can be accounted for by one.....
Keyword: Retarded logistic equation Asymptomatic carriers Latent transmission Contact tracing Reproduction number calculation Partial herd immunity

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B SHAYAK, MOHIT M SHARMA, RICHARD H RAND, AWADHESH KUMAR SINGH, ANOOP MISRA "A Delay Differential Equation Model for the Spread of COVID-19" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

Under the condition that the height can be obtained, the position of fixed or slow targets on the ground can be determined by the passive aerial motion detection platform only by one angle measurement in the vertical plane and the horizontal plane
Keyword: Single station location; DF; height measurement; passive location

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TaoYU "A positioning method for single moving station based on DF with measuring height" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

The compound [(C4H7N2)2][SnCl6] (1), was isolated from a slow solvent evaporation by reacting in acetonitrile one equivalent of an acidic salt, 2-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, with one equivalent of SnBuCl3. An in situ debutylation occurred during the complex formation process. In the structure, the Sn centre in the dianion, bonded to six chloride ligands, adopts an almost perfect octahedral arrangement. Van der Waals forces connect cations and anions giving rise to a discrete structure
Keyword: Infrared, 2-methylimidazolium, Sn-C cleavage, tin(IV), X-ray single-crystal

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Mouhamadou Birame Diop, Modou Sarr, Sérigne Cissé, Libasse Diop, Allen G. Oliver, Mehmet Akkurt" A"Zero-Dimensional Hybrid" tin(IV) chloride from a Sn-C bond cleavage: Synthesis, Infrared and X-ray single-Crystal molecular characterization" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

The proper application of an automated feeding system provides increased productivity and feed efficiency, as well as batch uniformity andhomogeneity in sex. This study aimed to develop a prototype of an automatic feedera low cost to the industry, by means of a micro-controlled platform called ARDUINO UNO® aided by the relay module, which had the ability to supply the previously programmed parceled feed.Were used for the development of the prototype: structure for flotation and support, feed reservoir and screw conveyor, along with a motorand electronic systems.The programming language used was C, with the aid of Arduino Uno 1.0.3 software. The electronic feeding system used a rechargeable 12-volt battery with a supplying capacity of seven amps per hour. The experimental results showed that the system...
Keyword: aquaculture;automation; microcontrollers; feeding frequency

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Sandra Paula Anschau, Eduardo Vieira, Mariana Lins-Rodrigues, Fábio Bittencourt, Aldi Feiden "Prototype of an automatic feeder usingmicro-controlled platform ARDUINO UNO®and relay module" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

This questionnaire based survey was done to understand the students‟ perception about practical usefulness of internship programs. Sixteen questions were included in the survey. The anonymity of the respondents was maintained throughout the study. A total of 107 engineering students from various batches and universities participated in the survey. More than 90% felt the need for such internships and more than 95% of them were benefitted by such internships. Internships mould students more towards entrepreneurship. It also facilitates a better inter-personal relationship. Such programs make students technically more competent and enable them to work with better mental agility.
Keyword: internship, engineer, entrepreneurship, survey, questionnaire

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Shreenidhi Sriram, Renugadevi Somu "Perception of Engineering undergraduate students on Summer Internships: a questionnaire-based survey" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Multi-level storey buildings are very much common in the urban areas nowadays due to scarcity of land and increase in the cost of land. Many of these structures are not regular either in shape, stiffness or mass distribution. A structure with irregular configuration may be constructed so as to meet all the codal requirements, but the performance of such a structure will not be as good as a structure with regular configuration. It is even suggested to avoid such configuration but irregularity in structural components has been unavoidable due to various reasons. This dissertation aims to determine the differences in seismic performance of Symmetric and Asymmetric structures in vertical geometric irregularities. Models of square-shaped, G+25 storied buildings are considered...
Keyword: Storey Drift, Base shear, Seismic wave, seismic response, aspect ratio

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G.V.S. Siva Prasad, Dr.P.Jyotsna devi, Manikanta Patnaik "Seismic Response Analysis of Symmetrical and Asymmetrical High Rise Structures in Seismic ZoneII" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The paper aims at building a system which can be used universally at any scale for high resolution meteorological parameters measurement in a given environment with the evolution of miniaturized sensor devices coupled with wireless or wired technologies. This paper presents the real-time monitoring of different environmental parameters such as Air Pollution contents and weather parameters measurements using embedded FTP server technology at low-cost. ARM microcontroller based raspberry pi board with RJ-45 Ethernet port, Wi-Fi and sensors assembly can be used. Python can be use as software platform for operating system. The parameters include: concentrations...
Keyword: weather station, raspberry pi 3, wind speed(WS),Wind directon(WD), temperature, humidity, rain gauge.

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Prof. Sunita P. Sagat, Shivdas P. Bankar "High Resolution Meteorological Parameters Measurement And Analysis For Quality Weather Forecasting" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The abundant availability and accessibility of natural fibers are the major reasons for an emerging new interest in sustainable technology. Natural fibers, asreinforcement, have recently attracted the attention of researchers because of their advantages over other established materials. They are environmentally-friendly, fully biodegradable, abundantly available, nontoxic, non-abrasive, renewable, and cheap, and have low density. Natural fibers have recently become more attractive to researchers, engineers and scientists as an alternative reinforcement for fiber reinforced polymer composites. The tensile properties of natural fiber reinforced polymers (both) are mainly influenced by the interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the fibers. Further the mechanical properties can be improved...
Keyword: Natural Fiber, Sisal, Hemp ,FRC, Mechanical properties

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R.Srinivasulu, V.Mohan Srikanth, Srinivasareddy Vempati, K.Sumanth "Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Hemp Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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In this paper, the optical dispersion of communication system based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is compensate and implemented using Optisystem 7.0. The FBG components could be used to provide best transmission system due to the applicable and reliable characteristics such as low wastage , little bulk, low price, big compensation. This project is focusing on one design parameter against two performance parameters; variable distance length of the fiber with Signal power(dBm), with use FBG and without FBG..
Keyword: Optical dispersion; Communication System, chirp gratings ; Fiber Bragg; Grating

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Dr. Ali Mahdi Hammadi "Simulation and Analysis of a transmission system to compensate dispersion in an optical fiber by use chirp gratings" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Passive Optical Network (PON) is an useful mode for modern communication technology which emphasize on faster, cheaper and more reliable communication system used as access network. PON communication system used to shares one optical fiber cable with multiple subscribers by using a power splitter connected with different Optical Network Unit (ONU) located to subscriber‟s premises. One of the main objectives of PON network planning is to determine the optical cable path with lower cost of deployment under practical restrictions. So here a plan is proposed to minimize the total...
Keyword: BER, Optimization, Passive Splitter Combiner (PSC), Path Minimization, Wavelength Allocation (WA)

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Satyaki Kumar Biswas, Mitali Chakraborty "Passive Optical Network Design with Application of Network Path Minimization Planning and Novel Wavelength Allocation Scheme based on Bit Error Rate (BER) Performance" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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In this work the discussion of current gyroscopes and their roles based on their industrial applications. Gyroscopic effect is ability of the rotating body to maintain a steady direction of its axis of rotation. The gyroscopes are rotating with respect to the axis of symmetry at high speed. The considered gyroscopes include mechanical gyroscopes and optical gyroscopes at macro- and micro-scale. Gyroscope technologies commercially available, such as Mechanical Gyroscopes, silicon MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) gyroscopes are motion sensors that detect and measure the angular motion of an object) they measure the rate of rotation of an object around a particular axis: 1-axis, 2-axis, and 3-axis). Gyroscopes, Ring Laser Gyroscopes (RLGs) and Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes (FOGs), are discussed. The main features of these gyroscopes and their technologies are linked to their relative performance. There are three basic types of gyroscope: Rotary (classical) gyroscopes: Vibrating Structure Gyroscope and Optical Gyroscopes.
Keyword: ...

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Dr. Moustfa Mohamed Hassan Eshtewi, Dr. Hamed Mohamed Abubaker Malek "Gyroscope Technologies: An Effective Role in the Mechanical & Optical Perspective" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Today environment monitoring becomes important for humans to ensure a safe and wealthy life. Monitoring requirements are extremely different depending on the environment, leading to specially appointed usage that needs adaptability. The proposed system describes an implementation of Wireless Sensor Network that can be adjusted to various applications. And it also inserts the adaptability required to be conveyed and updated without necessity of arranging complex infrastructures. The solution is based on small autonomous wireless sensor nodes, small wireless receivers connected to the Internet, and a cloud architecture which provides data storage and delivery to remote clients. The solution permits supervisors on-site not only to monitor the current situation by using their smart-phones but also to monitor remote sites through the Internet. All measurements are stored at different levels to guarantee a safe back-trace and to access data stored in case of network failure or unavailability. The proposed system is useful in predicting environmental condition like rain, also, to measure the temperature, humidity, and presence of pressure..
Keyword: IoT, Machine learning, Node MCU, Temperature Sensor, humidity Sensor, firebase Cloud .

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Kiran S. Todekar, Prof.Shashikant S. Hippargi "IoT Based Distributed Environmental Monitoring System and Weather Prediction using Machine Learning Approach" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

5G is one of the most powerful technology of the previous generations of wireless telephone technology. Fifth generation is designed to not be an incremental advance on 4G technology. 5G has its unique paradigm shift that would include very high carrier frequencies with very high bandwidths, and unique base station and device densities with unmatched, adorable numbers of antennas. In addition, 5G has the ability of attachment and coupling any new air interface and spectrum together along with LTE and WiFi to provide universal high-rate coverage and a seamless user experience. To reach these levels of integrations, flexibility and network intelligence will be massively enhanced and resolved..
Keyword: ....

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Saleh Habib Husain "Brief Overview of 5G" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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This paper represents the review, simulation and results of inverter grid synchronization. The converter i.e. three phase voltage source inverter is the most important part to use the renewable energy sources. The method use for inverter grid synchronization is the phase locked loop (PLL). In order to synchronize the inverter with grid in terms of voltage, frequency and phase the MATLAB SIMULINK is used. This paper also summarizes and compares different methods of synchronization in literature review section. Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) technology is also described in this paper. This method overcomes the low performance of conventional pulse width modulation technique which is use for active filter. Various simulation result are also presented to show the effectiveness of phase locked loop..
Keyword: Filter, Grid synchronization, Grid tied inverter, PLL, SPWM.

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Ms. Prajakta R. Narkhede, Dr. P. J. Shah "Inverter grid synchronization-A review and Simulation" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

The economic operation of power system has become crucial while considering the multi-fuel power generation sources. This process can be achieved by identifying the most economical fuel to meet out the power demand. Research endeavors clearly indicate that the Multi-Fuel Economic Dispatch (MFED) has been dealt only for the static load demands. As the solution space of MFED is more non-linear an efficient optimization tool is required to determine the optimal operating point of generating units. The contributions of this work can be summarized as: the MFED has been addressed in the dynamic environment and the modern meta-heuristic algorithm namely Ant Lion Algorithm (ALA) has been used as the prime optimization tool for the first time. Further, the current trend in power system operations has also been considered by integrating the wind power generation with MFED problem. The standard 10 unit system and a practical seven unit system have been used to validate the applicability of the ALA. Moreover, the comparison and performance analysis confirm that the current proposal is found better in terms of solution quality..
Keyword: Dynamic economic dispatch, Multi-fuel sources, wind power, Ant lion optimization.

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Jayakumar N, Ganesan S "Dynamic Dispatch of Wind Integrated Thermal Power System considering Multi-fuel Sources" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

ATV is an all-terrain vehicle which can basically run on almost all types of topographies and moves on four low pressure tires with a seat bestrode by the Driver. BAJASAE is an ATV fabricating event organised by Society of automotive engineers (SAE), India for engineering undergraduates. BAJA SAE entails designing, Manufacturing and validation of an ATV which participates in series of events for 3 days which tests the agility of the buggy. Since the safety of the operator is imperative in such events so there is a need of a safe and infallible braking system. This involves the prediction of the failure modes in the designing stage. An efficacious procedure of failure analysis is the Design Failure Mode and effect Analysis. FMEA procedure is used in this paper to find out different failure....
Keyword: BAJASAE, ATV, Braking system, Failure Modes and effects Analysis (FMEA), Risk Priority Number (RPN).

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Sourav Pattnaik, Somesh Mahendra Sant "Design Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (DFMEA) Of Braking System of an ATV" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Major disadvantages of the ordinary concrete are the high self weight of the concrete and the scarcity of natural resources. An attempt is made for the reduction of the self weight of concrete and the scarcity of natural resources along with increase in the strength and efficiency of the concrete. This experimental research is to analyze the strength parameters of M25 grade concrete made with substitution of ordinary coarse aggregates with various proportions of Light weight expandable clay aggregates (LECA) ranging from 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and again for each proportion, natural fine aggregate is replaced with various percentages of copper slag ranging from 0%,.....
Keyword: Light weight expandable clay aggregate (Leca) , Copper slag, compression, Split tensile, Flexural, In- plane shear, Impact strength..

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Mr. V.Viswanadham, Mr. V. Raghavachar, Prof. V. Bhaskar Desai "A Comparative Study of Normal Concrete Modified With Light Weight Expandable Clay Aggregate and Copper Slag" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Abstract:

This research study investigates how the conventional aggregates is to be replaced with fabricated aggregates such as sintered fly ash light weight aggregates and robo sand with various proportions to form light weight concrete. In the experimental work, initially the coarse aggregate is replaced with sintered fly ash light weight aggregates by 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and for each percentage of coarse aggregate replacement, fine aggregate is substituted with robo sand by 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% for M 25 grade of concrete and totally for 25 mix proportions, 600 specimen are made to test for compression, split tensile, flexure, in plane shear strength through mode-II fracture studies and impact for 28 days. The main intension of the present study is to correlate the strength of modified concrete with conventional concrete of M25 Grade. The experimental values of this study noted here, have revealed that the mix of sintered fly ash light weight aggregate with robo sand has upgraded the strength at the period of 28 days.
Keyword: Sintered Fly ash aggregates, Robo sand, Compression, Split tensile, Flexural, In-plane shear, Impact strength..

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Mr. Y. Krishna Prasad, Mr. V. Raghavachar, Prof. V. Bhaskar Desai "An Investigative Study on the Use of Sintered Fly Ash Light Weight Aggregate and Robo Sand replacing the Conventional Aggregates in Making of Light Weight Concrete" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The advances in BCI technology are evident and continuous, but the problems of portability and invasiveness of the devices that the subject must wear still remain to be solved. The paper presents a light, low-cost and non-invasive system that allows the disabled subject unable to communicate to interact with the environment and other people. Signals are acquired from a sensor applied to the finger, then are processed by an Artificial Neural Network. This allows the tetraplegic and anarthric subject to express their will and make choices through a graphic interface. The system can be greatly improved both in the quality and quantity of different signals acquired and in their simultaneous processing to discriminate different mental states, so as to improve communication, access to computer and home automation functions.
Keyword: Brain Computer Interaction, Galvanic Skin Response, Artificial Neural Network, disability, domotics.

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Rita Pizzi, Giovanni Cino "Minimally Invasive and Low-Cost BCI System Interprets the Will of the Subject by means of an Artificial Neural Network" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Compound die could be a press tool of collective operations performed on the flat solid. the varied operations area unit allotted in a very single stroke. the look of compound die is essentially depends on material of flat solid, thickness of flat solid and complexness of style and operations. This press tool has significance like high rate of production and minimum per cost of product. In compound dies the range of operations area unit performed at common work station. In gift thesis the intensions is given on quality improvement at the side of production rate also increases. Some drawbacks like spring back impact are often salaried in planning of compound die..
Keyword: Virtual Design System, Compound Die, Sheet Metal, Power Press, Expert System.

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Mr. Vijaysing Thau Rathod , Dr. Brajendra Nath Tripathi, Dr. Nandkishor M Sawai "Review on Virtual design system of compound die for Press Machine" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The energy generation of a solar photovoltaic (SPV) system is directly dependent on solar radiation intensity and its availability. The energy generation from the PV module is also affected due to climatic parameters such as ambient temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind and dust. To extract the maximum power from PV array Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique is applied. At varying operating conditions, MPPT algorithms automatically detect the maximum power and supply to the load. In the present paper ten different MPPT techniques have been identified and analyzed. These different techniques have been well developed in the papers individually. In the present study a comprehensive review of popular MPPT techniques is presented.
Keyword: Solar PV module, Maximum Power Point Tracking, Temperature, Converter.

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Sujata Diwakar "Review of the modern techniques of Maximum Power Point Tracking for the solar photovoltaic systems" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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The maintenance of administrative or public buildings in general and in particular those of public schools is a serious problem in Cameroon. Very few administrative or public buildings undergo maintenance works in Cameroon after their service. The purpose of this study was to assess the degradations and maintenance of public primary and secondary school buildings in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon.The methods employed in the collection of data included the administration of questionnaires as shown in appendix to the various principals of public primary and secondary schools in the seven districts of Yaoundé namely, Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé 2, Yaoundé 3, Yaoundé 4, Yaoundé 5, Yaoundé 6 and Yaoundé 7, site inspections and case studies for the sites. The data collected were transformed into frequency counts.......
Keyword: Evaluation, Degradations, Maintenance, Primary school buildings, Secondary school buildings, Yaoundé.

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David Vom Tahi Onana, Blaise Ngwem Bayiha, Didier Fokwa, Robert Nzengwa "Inspection, evaluation of degradations and maintenance of public primary and secondary school buildings in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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A Conveyor system is a common system of mechanical handling equipment that moves materials from one location to another. Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving the transportation of heavy materials. Conveyor systems allow quick and efficient transportation for a wide variety of materials, which make them very popular in the material handling and packaging industries. Many kinds of conveying systems are available and are used according to the various needs of different industries. . The conveyor belt mechanism constructed here is a unique one & first of its kind that utilizes solar energy which is designed to count & display the dispatched items. One important feature added to the system is that it is designed to reject the faulty product from the conveyor mechanism.
Keyword: Belt, Relays, Motors, Sensors, Rollers.

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Kumara Naik, Abdul Arif Hussain, Mohd Shafee, Mohd Niyaz Ahmed "Design and Fabrication of Solar Powered Faulty Product Detection and Separation System" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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Due to the increasing discharge of organic pollutants into water resources, the treatment of pollutants has become a global priority. Photocatalysis has been used in the degradation of organic compounds because it uses a clean energy source and allows the degradation of pollutants in milder conditions. Cerium oxide has properties suitable for use as a photocalyst and its performance can be improved with the addition of another metal oxide. In this context, the article aims to evaluate the influence of the presence and copper content on the properties of cerium oxide. The materials were characterized by FTIR, XRD, surface area measurement by BET method and spectroscopy in the UV-Vis region. It was verified.........
Keyword: photocatalysis, cerium oxide, copper oxide, advanced oxidative processes.

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Maria Luiza Andrade da Silva, Marie Lídio dos Santos Galvão Ribeiro, Kimberly Paim Abeyta, Carlos Augusto de Morais Pires, Sirlene Barbosa Lima "Study of the Presence and Copper Content in the Properties of Cerium Oxide Destined for Photocatalysis" Vol. 10 - No. 10 (Oct. 2020), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

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